Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16
Published: April 3, 2025
Background Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJD) is a group of diseases occurring in the temporomandibular (TMJ) with clinical manifestations pain area, mastication disorders, and restriction mouth opening, which one most common oral maxillofacial region, its specific etiology has not yet been fully elucidated. As biomechanical orchestrator, TMJ mediates dynamic transduction masticatory forces during functional loading cycle. Notably, as secondary cartilage type, condylar exhibits postnatal remodeling that critically dependent on mechanical stimulation. Abnormal stimulation can result structural dysfunction TMJ. Objective The purpose this review was to outline responses cartilage, subchondral bone, disc abnormal different types intensities, especially bone articular disc. Conclusion stress induces degeneration characterized by dysregulated chondrocyte proliferation differentiation, elevated cell apoptosis, ECM injury. ability adapt changes load environment for influenced age, well intensity, duration applied load. Bone loss often first response forces. stimuli affect nutrient supply matrix metabolism discs.
Language: Английский