Chemistry & Biodiversity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 9, 2025

ABSTRACT The heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan Linn. (Sappan Lignum) has been traditionally utilized as an herbal drug in China for treating several diseases, including osteoporosis and wounds. This review presents a systematic summary botanical, pharmacological, phytochemical, pharmacokinetic characteristics; traditional applications; safety profile C. to highlight requirements conducting further studies on this plant report its potential uses. We conducted literature search relevant articles published databases. Additional information was collected from peer‐reviewed academic journals, doctoral dissertations, master's theses, Chinese medicine books. confirmed taxonomy by searching Plant List database ( http://www.theplantlist.org ). According (TCM) literature, Sappan Lignum promotes blood circulation eliminating stasis, induces detumescence, provides pain relief. A total 127 active components were identified isolated ; these include terpenoids, flavonoids, quinones, phenols, steroids, alkaloids, showing protective effects against inflammation carcinogenesis cardio‐cerebrovascular, hepatic, renal systems. recent pharmacological studies, applications cancer, inflammation, cardio‐cerebrovascular diseases. Most activities could be attributed flavonoids; however, there is limited regarding the underlying molecular mechanisms, metabolic activities, structure–function relationships, toxicology bioactive substances . extensive investigations are required analyze medicinal properties

Language: Английский