The seed germination spectrum of alpine plants: a global meta‐analysis

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 229(6), P. 3573 - 3586

Published: Nov. 18, 2020

Summary Assumptions about the germination ecology of alpine plants are presently based on individual species and local studies. A current challenge is to synthesise, at global level, seed ecological spectrum. We performed a meta‐analysis primary data from laboratory experiments conducted across four continents (excluding tropics) 661 species, estimate influence six environmental cues proportion, mean time synchrony; accounting for morphology (mass, embryo : ratio) phylogeny. Most show physiological dormancy, strong need cold stratification, warm‐cued positive responses light alternating temperatures. Species restricted belt have higher preference warm temperatures stronger response stratification than whose distribution extends also below treeline. Seed mass, size phylogeny constraining effects environment. Globally, overwintering key drivers in habitats. The interplay between physiology morphological traits further reflects pressures avoid frost or drought stress. Our results indicate convergence, patterns species.

Language: Английский

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Environmental heterogeneity drives fine-scale species assembly and functional diversity of annual plants in a semi-arid environment

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 24, P. 138 - 146

Published: Jan. 7, 2017

Language: Английский

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Review: Plant eco-evolutionary responses to climate change: Emerging directions

Plant Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 304, P. 110737 - 110737

Published: Nov. 5, 2020

Language: Английский

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Cracking the case: Seed traits and phylogeny predict time to germination in prairie restoration species

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 8(11), P. 5551 - 5562

Published: May 8, 2018

Abstract Traits are important for understanding how plant communities assemble and function, providing a common currency studying ecological processes across species, locations, habitat types. However, the majority of studies relating species traits to community assembly rely upon vegetative mature plants. Seed traits, which understudied relative whole‐plant key communities. This is particularly true restored communities, typically started de novo from seed, making seed germination critical first step in an early filter establishment. We experimentally tested effects (mass, shape, embryo size ratio) phylogeny on response 32 commonly used prairie grassland restoration Midwestern USA , analyzing data using time‐to‐event (survival) analysis. As also influenced by dormancy, dormancy break treatments employed restoration, we two pretreatments (cold stratification gibberellic acid application) time germination. phylogeny, all affected Of tested, variables related shape (height variance) best predicted response, with high‐variance (i.e., pointier narrower) seeds germinating faster. Phylogenetic position (the location phylogenetic tree other species) was predictor that is, closely showed similar patterns despite fact measured signal, therefore provided residual information not already captured traits. position, were predictors suite restoration. Shape especially important, while mass, often only trait assembly, strong timing. These findings illustrate importance rarely incorporated into functional can be advance practice guiding planning mix design.

Language: Английский

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Optimal germination timing in unpredictable environments: the importance of dormancy for both among‐ and within‐season variation

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 23(4), P. 620 - 630

Published: Jan. 28, 2020

For organisms living in unpredictable environments, timing important life-history events is challenging. One way to deal with uncertainty spread the emergence of offspring across multiple years via dormancy. However, not only among years, but also within each growing season. Here, we study evolutionary interactions between germination strategies that among- and within-season uncertainty. We use a modelling approach considers among-season dormancy phenology annual plants as potentially independent traits their separate joint evolution variable environment. find higher selects for earlier Furthermore, our results indicate more natural environments can counter-intuitively select less risk-spreading strong priority effects which turn increases need bet hedging through

Language: Английский

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Patterns of phenotypic plasticity along a thermal gradient differ by trait type in an alpine plant

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(9), P. 2412 - 2428

Published: June 26, 2022

Abstract Climate change presents many challenges for plants, a major one of which is the steady increase in temperatures that plants are exposed to during germination, growth and reproduction. Generating more complete understanding capacity respond role phenotypic plasticity plays facilitating species' responses warming central objective global ecology. Different traits expressed across life stages might be expected exhibit variety temperature due genetic variation, even within species. However, extent variation among trait types relative contribution genetics along thermal gradient not well understood. Here, we studied an alpine plant, Wahlenbergia ceracea , determine shapes plastic 14 leaf, physiology reproductive fitness broad while also comparing family lines. Trait differed markedly: leaf showed nonlinear with best performance at intermediate temperatures, whereas were generally less responsive temperature. Variation families was lowest most necessary tolerating environmental extremes (e.g. heat tolerance), suggesting may canalised suffers it. In contrast, means, some cases, germination suggests hence potential these few selection. Our results illustrate occur response temperature, frequent occurrence complex would have been apparent comparison fewer temperatures. We discuss physiological, ecological evolutionary insights our findings provide into wild species changing climate. Read free Plain Language Summary this article on Journal blog.

Language: Английский

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How do seed and seedling traits influence germination and emergence parameters in crop species? A comparative analysis

Seed Science Research, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 317 - 331

Published: Dec. 1, 2016

Abstract Early plant establishment through seed germination and seedling emergence is a crucial process that determines number, time distribution the early growth of seedlings, all which are affected by soil climate structure. In current context change, in increasing diversity cultivated species considered desirable, new tillage practices considerably modifying top-soil surface characteristics, we need to improve our ability model effects environment on establishment. Using trait-based model-based framework, aimed identify general relationships between traits (e.g. mass lipid content, diameter, base temperature) parameters mid-germination, shoot elongation rate) measured for 18 genotypes belonging 14 species. Relationships were also investigated among or traits. Germination rates faster with high temperature reserves located principally embryo (rather than endosperm perisperm). During heterotrophic growth, maximal length rate increased dry mass. The sensitivity seedlings obstacles was negatively related diameter. Thus apart from known establishment, found reserve location, diameter shape success. Such generic rules linking enhance understanding determinants environmental

Language: Английский

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Habitat‐related seed germination traits in alpine habitats

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 150 - 161

Published: Nov. 24, 2017

Abstract Understanding the key aspects of plant regeneration from seeds is crucial in assessing species assembly to their habitats. However, regenerative traits seed dormancy and germination are underrepresented this context. In alpine zone, large microhabitat diversity provide an ideal context assess habitat‐related strategies. To end, 53 growing siliceous calcareous habitats (6230 6170 EU Directive 92/43, respectively) were exposed different temperature treatments under controlled laboratory conditions. Germination strategies each habitat identified by clustering with k‐means. Then, phylogenetic least squares correlations (PGLS) fitted differences between species’ main (calcareous siliceous), (grasslands, heaths, rocky, no specific microhabitats), chorology (arctic–alpine continental). Calcareous grasslands significantly differ behaviour a slow, mostly overwinter high all conditions, respectively. Species occurs heaths have arctic–alpine distribution. Meanwhile, low or germinability general inhabit (they belong generalist), Alpine use depending on provenance, microhabitat, chorotype. Such may reflect adaptations local environmental conditions highlight functional role community ecology.

Language: Английский

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The seed germination niche limits the distribution of some plant species in calcareous or siliceous alpine bedrocks

Alpine Botany, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 128(1), P. 83 - 95

Published: Jan. 23, 2018

Language: Английский

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Lower dormancy with rapid germination is an important strategy for seeds in an arid zone with unpredictable rainfall

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. e0218421 - e0218421

Published: Sept. 10, 2019

Seed germination traits are key drivers of population dynamics, yet they under-represented in community ecology studies, which have predominately focussed on adult plant and seed morphological traits. We studied the strategy eight woody species to investigate regeneration strategies arid zone eastern Australia. To cope with stochastic minimal rainfall, we predict that seeds will either rapid across a wide range temperatures, improved under cooler or dormancy and/or longevity delay stagger time. understand how temperature affects responses, keystone were germinated laboratory conditions, three diurnal temperatures (30/20°C, 25/15°C 17/7°C) for 30 days. also tested decline viability 24 months dry-aging treatment (~20°C). Six had non-dormant, rapidly germinating seeds, only two physiological differed widely between species, from one recalcitrant surviving aging (P50 = <3 months) serotinous many years 84 months). Our results highlight importance understanding reproductive environments. Rapid germination, dominant trait included this study, allows capitalise sporadic rainfall. However, some exhibit delayed germination; an alternative spreads risk failure over

Language: Английский

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