The impact of high-temperature stress on rice: Challenges and solutions

The Crop Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. 963 - 976

Published: April 6, 2021

Heat stress (HS) caused by rapidly warming climate has become a serious threat to global food security. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is staple crop for over half of the world's population, and its yield quality are often reduced HS. There an urgent need breeding heat-tolerant rice cultivars. plants show various morphological physiological symptoms under Precise analysis (phenotyping) essential selection elite germplasm identification thermotolerance genes. In response HS, trigger cascade events activate complex transcriptional regulatory networks. Protein homeostasis HS especially important thermotolerance, which affected protein control, effective elimination toxic proteins, translational regulation. Although some agronomic genetic approaches improving heat tolerance have been adopted in rice, molecular mechanisms underlying still elusive, success engineering limited. this review, we summarize HS-caused progress heat-stress sensing signal research, propose future.

Language: Английский

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Hot topic: Thermosensing in plants

Plant Cell & Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 44(7), P. 2018 - 2033

Published: Dec. 13, 2020

Plants alter their morphology and cellular homeostasis to promote resilience under a variety of heat regimes. Molecular processes that underlie these responses have been intensively studied found encompass diverse mechanisms operating across broad range components, timescales temperatures. This review explores recent progress throughout this landscape with particular focus on thermosensing in the model plant Arabidopsis. Direct temperature sensors include photosensors phytochrome B phototropin, clock component ELF3 an RNA switch. In addition, there are heat-regulated mediated by ion channels, lipids lipid-modifying enzymes, taking place at plasma membrane chloroplast. some cases, mechanism perception is well understood but others, remains open question. Potential novel based lipid liquid-liquid phase separation. Finally, future research directions high signalling pathways discussed.

Language: Английский

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Recapitulation of the Function and Role of ROS Generated in Response to Heat Stress in Plants

Plants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 371 - 371

Published: Feb. 15, 2021

In natural ecosystems, plants are constantly exposed to changes in their surroundings as they grow, caused by a lifestyle that requires them live where seeds fall. Thus, strive adapt and respond environment change every moment. Heat stress naturally occurs when grow the summer or tropical area adversely affects plants’ growth poses risk plant development. When subjected heat stress, recognize using highly complex intracellular signaling systems such reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS was previously considered byproduct impairs growth. However, recent studies, gained attention for its function molecule environmental stresses stress. particular, ROS, produced response various cell compartments mitochondria chloroplasts, plays crucial role promotes triggers subsequent downstream reactions. Therefore, this review aims address latest research trends understandings, focusing on of responding adapting

Language: Английский

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The molecular basis of heat stress responses in plants

Molecular Plant, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(10), P. 1612 - 1634

Published: Sept. 22, 2023

Language: Английский

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Major episodes of horizontal gene transfer drove the evolution of land plants

Molecular Plant, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 857 - 871

Published: March 1, 2022

How horizontal gene transfer (HGT) has contributed to the evolution of animals and plants remains a major puzzle. Despite recent progress, defining overall scale pattern HGT events in land been largely elusive. In this study, we performed systematic analyses for acquired genes different plant groups throughout evolution. We found that relatively occurred charophytes all groups, but their frequency declined rapidly seed plants. Two episodes evolution, corresponding early streptophytes origin plants, respectively. Importantly, vast majority two have retained descendant affecting numerous activities processes analyzed some involved stress responses, ion metabolite transport, growth development, specialized metabolism, further assessed cumulative effects

Language: Английский

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The Plant Invertase/Pectin Methylesterase Inhibitor Superfamily

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 25, 2022

Invertases (INVs) and pectin methylesterases (PMEs) are essential enzymes coordinating carbohydrate metabolism, stress responses, sugar signaling. INVs catalyzes the cleavage of sucrose into glucose fructose, exerting a pivotal role in cellulose biosynthesis, nitrogen uptake, reactive oxygen species scavenging as well osmotic adaptation. PMEs exert dynamic control methylesterification to manage cell adhesion, wall porosity, elasticity, perception signaling stresses. INV PME activities can be regulated by specific proteinaceous inhibitors, named inhibitors (INVIs) Inhibitors (PMEIs). Despite targeting different enzymes, INVIs PMEIs belong same large protein family "Plant Invertase/Pectin Methylesterase Inhibitor Superfamily." PMEIs, while showing low aa sequence identity, they share several structural properties. The two showed mainly alpha-helices their secondary structure both form non-covalent 1:1 complex with enzymatic counterpart. Some PMEI members organized gene cluster PMEs. Although most important physiological information was obtained Arabidopsis thaliana, there now characterized INVI/PMEIs plant species. This review provides an integrated updated overview this fascinating superfamily, from activity isoforms functions physiology. We also highlight biotechnological tools aspects growth defense. discussed view potential applications improve industrial processes. A nomenclature some is carried out eliminate confusion about identity names INVI/PMEI member. Open questions, shortcoming, opportunities for future research presented.

Language: Английский

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The heat shock factor 20-HSF4-cellulose synthase A2 module regulates heat stress tolerance in maize

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(7), P. 2652 - 2667

Published: April 4, 2024

Abstract Temperature shapes the geographical distribution and behavior of plants. Understanding regulatory mechanisms underlying plant heat stress response is important for developing climate-resilient crops, including maize (Zea mays). To identify transcription factors (TFs) that may contribute to response, we generated a dataset short- long-term transcriptome changes following treatment time course in inbred line B73. Co-expression network analysis highlighted several TFs, class B2a shock factor (HSF) ZmHSF20. Zmhsf20 mutant seedlings exhibited enhanced tolerance stress. Furthermore, DNA affinity purification sequencing Cleavage Under Targets Tagmentation assays demonstrated ZmHSF20 binds promoters Cellulose synthase A2 (ZmCesA2) three A Hsf genes, ZmHsf4, repressing their transcription. We showed ZmCesA2 ZmHSF4 promote with directly activating In agreement analysis, inhibited cellulose accumulation repressed expression cell wall-related genes. Importantly, Zmhsf4 double decreased thermotolerance, placing ZmHsf4 downstream ZmHsf20. proposed an expanded model maize, whereby lowers seedling by ZmCesA2, thus balancing growth defense.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in Understanding the Roles of Pectin as an Active Participant in Plant Signaling Networks

Plants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 1712 - 1712

Published: Aug. 19, 2021

Pectin is an abundant cell wall polysaccharide with essential roles in various biological processes. The structural diversity of pectins, along the numerous combinations enzymes responsible for pectin biosynthesis and modification, plays key ensuring specificity plasticity remodeling different types under environmental conditions. This review focuses on recent progress understanding aspects pectin, from its biosynthetic modification processes to types. In particular, we describe findings that modifications serve not only as final outputs internally determined pathways, but also components intercellular communication, a major contributor this process. comprehensive view diverse presented here provides important basis how wall-enclosed plant cells develop, differentiate, interact.

Language: Английский

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Bioconversion of sugarcane tops to bioethanol and other value added products: An overview

Materials Science for Energy Technologies, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4, P. 54 - 68

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

The increasing use of non-renewable resources and its continuous depletion has become a major concern nowadays. production renewable fuels from agricultural lignocellulose waste is sustainable economically feasible. Sugarcane top one the most abundant lignocellulosic biomasses in India. More conveniently, it burned field being large quantity high-cost involved collection transportation. pretreatment process cost intensive steps bioethanol production, owing to manpower expensive chemicals requirement separate cellulose, hemicellulose lignin biomass. In recent times, advent novel recombinant carbohydrate-active enzymes different microbial sources by genetic manipulation led great advances saccharification pretreated biomass leading higher bioethanol. multi-enzyme complexes called cellulosomes are capable hydrolyzing cellulose hemicellulose. This study aimed at xylan, other value-added products sugarcane tops. Isolation, separation characterization tops can be efficient industry oriented approach due their xylo-oligosaccharides or alternative substrate, oil based petro-chemical applications. saccharified hydrolysate used for fermenting with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Xylooligosaccharides also produced enzymatic hydrolysis xylan extracted agro-waste have applications controlling blood sugar level, boosting immunity, improving intestinal function reducing fatigue. Xylan utilized xylo-oligosaccharides, food coating, packaging films pharmaceutical Lignin mainly as rubber intensifier, polyolefin packing. It making cement, composite materials, unsaturated polyester vinyl ester filler co-monomer.

Language: Английский

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Plant–microbe interactions in the apoplast: Communication at the plant cell wall

The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(5), P. 1532 - 1550

Published: Feb. 3, 2022

The apoplast is a continuous plant compartment that connects cells between tissues and organs one of the first sites interaction plants microbes. cell wall occupies most composed polysaccharides associated proteins ions. This dynamic part constitutes an essential physical barrier source nutrients for microbe. At same time, serves important functions in interkingdom detection, recognition, response to other organisms. Thus, both microbe modify its environment versatile ways benefit from interaction. We discuss here crucial processes occurring at during contact communication plant. Finally, we argue these local changes need be considered fully understand plant-microbe interactions.

Language: Английский

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