Integrated Genomic Selection for Accelerating Breeding Programs of Climate-Smart Cereals

Genes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 1484 - 1484

Published: July 21, 2023

Rapidly rising population and climate changes are two critical issues that require immediate action to achieve sustainable development goals. The is posing increased demand for food, thereby pushing an acceleration in agricultural production. Furthermore, anthropogenic activities have resulted environmental pollution such as water soil degradation well alterations the composition concentration of gases. These affecting not only biodiversity loss but also physio-biochemical processes crop plants, resulting a stress-induced decline yield. To overcome problems ensure supply food material, consistent efforts being made develop strategies techniques increase yield enhance tolerance toward climate-induced stress. Plant breeding evolved after domestication initially remained dependent on phenotype-based selection improvement. But it has grown through cytological biochemical methods, newer contemporary methods based DNA-marker-based help agronomically useful traits. now supported by high-end molecular biology tools like PCR, high-throughput genotyping phenotyping, data from morpho-physiology, statistical tools, bioinformatics, machine learning. After establishing its worth animal breeding, genomic (GS), improved variant marker-assisted (MAS), way into crop-breeding programs powerful tool. novel innovative marker-based models genetic evaluation, GS makes use markers. can amend complex traits shorten period, making advantageous over pedigree (MAS). It reduces time resources required plant while allowing gain attributes. been taken new heights integrating advanced technologies speed learning, environmental/weather further harness potential, approach known integrated (IGS). This review highlights IGS strategies, procedures, approaches, associated emerging issues, with special emphasis cereal crops. In this domain, highlight potential cutting-edge innovation climate-smart crops endure abiotic stresses motive keeping production quality at par global demand.

Language: Английский

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Plant responses to climate change, how global warming may impact on food security: a critical review

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Global agricultural production must double by 2050 to meet the demands of an increasing world human population but this challenge is further exacerbated climate change. Environmental stress, heat, and drought are key drivers in food security strongly impacts on crop productivity. Moreover, global warming threatening survival many species including those which we rely for production, forcing migration cultivation areas with impoverishing environment genetic variability fall out effects security. This review considers relationship climatic changes their bearing sustainability natural ecosystems, as well role omics-technologies, genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, phenomics ionomics. The use resource saving technologies such precision agriculture new fertilization discussed a focus breeding plants higher tolerance adaptability mitigation tools changes. Nevertheless, exposed multiple stresses. study lays basis proposition novel research paradigm referred holistic approach that went beyond exclusive concept yield, included sustainability, socio-economic commercialization, agroecosystem management.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing Tolerance to Combined Heat and Drought Stress in Cool‐Season Grain Legumes: Mechanisms, Genetic Insights, and Future Directions

Plant Cell & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

ABSTRACT The increasing frequency of concurrent heat and drought stress poses a significant challenge to agricultural productivity, particularly for cool‐season grain legumes, including broad bean ( Vicia Faba L.), lupin Lupinus spp.), lentil Lens culinaris Medik), chickpea Cicer arietinum grasspea Lathyrus sativus pea Pisum sativum common vetch sativa L.). These legumes play vital role in sustainable systems due their nitrogen‐fixing ability high nutritional value. This review synthesizes current knowledge the impacts tolerance mechanisms associated with combined stresses these crops. We evaluate physiological biochemical responses stress, focusing on detrimental effects growth, development, yield. Key genetic molecular mechanisms, such as roles osmolytes, antioxidants, stress‐responsive genes, are explored. also discuss intricate interplay between signaling pathways, involvement Ca 2+ ions, reactive oxygen species, transcription factor DREB2A, endoplasmic reticulum mediating responses. comprehensive analysis offers new insights into developing resilient legume varieties enhance sustainability under climate change. Future research should prioritize integrating omics technologies unravel plant abiotic stresses.

Language: Английский

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Multi-omics revolution to promote plant breeding efficiency

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Dec. 8, 2022

Crop production is the primary goal of agricultural activities, which always taken into consideration. However, global systems are coming under increasing pressure from rising food demand rapidly growing world population and changing climate. To address these issues, improving high-yield climate-resilient related-traits in crop breeding an effective strategy. In recent years, advances omics techniques, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, paved way for accelerating plant/crop to cope with climate enhance production. Optimized phenotypic plasticity platform integration, exploited by evolving machine learning algorithms will aid development biological interpretations complex traits. The precise progressive assembly desire alleles using genome editing approaches enhanced strategies would enable future crops excel combating climates. Furthermore, plant genetic engineering ensures exclusive approach developing nutrient sufficient crops, productivity can sustainably adequately meet world's food, nutrition, energy needs. This review provides overview how integration could be select varieties desired

Language: Английский

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Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis of Seedling-Stage Soybean Responses to PEG-Simulated Drought Stress

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(12), P. 6869 - 6869

Published: June 20, 2022

Soybean is an important crop grown worldwide, and drought stress seriously affects the yield quality of soybean. Therefore, it necessary to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying soybean resistance stress. In this study, RNA-seq technology ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry were used analyze transcriptome metabolome changes in leaves at seedling stage under The results showed that there 4790 3483 DEGs (differentially expressed genes) 156 124 DAMs metabolites), respectively, HN65CK vs. HN65S0 HN44CK HN44S0 comparison groups. Comprehensive analysis transcriptomic metabolomic data reveals metabolic regulation response Some candidate genes such as LOC100802571, LOC100814585, LOC100777350 LOC100787920, LOC100800547, LOC100785313 different expression trends between two cultivars, which may cause differences resistance. Secondly, a large number flavonoids identified, Monohydroxy-trimethoxyflavone-O-(6″-malonyl)glucoside was upregulated varieties. Finally, several key metabolites involved isoflavone biosynthesis TCA cycle suggesting these pathways play roles drought. Our study deepens understanding provides references for breeding.

Language: Английский

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Biotechnological Advances to Improve Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crops

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(19), P. 12053 - 12053

Published: Oct. 10, 2022

The major challenges that agriculture is facing in the twenty-first century are increasing droughts, water scarcity, flooding, poorer soils, and extreme temperatures due to climate change. However, most crops not tolerant climatic environments. aim near future, a world with hunger an population, breed and/or engineer tolerate abiotic stress higher yield. Some crop varieties display certain degree of tolerance, which has been exploited by plant breeders develop thrive under conditions. Moreover, long list genes involved tolerance have identified characterized molecular techniques overexpressed individually transformation experiments. Nevertheless, phenotypes polygenetic traits, current genomic tools dissecting exploit their use accelerating genetic introgression using markers or site-directed mutagenesis such as CRISPR-Cas9. In this review, we describe mechanisms sense adverse conditions examine discuss classic new select improve crops.

Language: Английский

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Phyto-microbiome to mitigate abiotic stress in crop plants

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Aug. 2, 2023

Plant-associated microbes include taxonomically diverse communities of bacteria, archaebacteria, fungi, and viruses, which establish integral ecological relationships with the host plant constitute phyto-microbiome. The phyto-microbiome not only contributes in normal growth development plants but also plays a vital role maintenance homeostasis during abiotic stress conditions. Owing to its immense metabolic potential, provides capability mitigate through various mechanisms like production antioxidants, hormones, bioactive compounds, detoxification harmful chemicals toxins, sequestration reactive oxygen species other free radicals. A deeper understanding structure functions complex mediated mitigation would enable utilization for alleviation crop stress-resistant crops. This review aims at exploring potential alleviate drought, heat, salinity heavy metal finding sustainable solutions enhance agricultural productivity. mechanistic insights into phytomicrobiome imparting tolerance have been summarized, that be helpful novel bioinoculants. high-throughput modern approaches involving candidate gene identification target modification such as genomics, metagenomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, based genetic engineering discussed wake ever-increasing demand climate resilient plants.

Language: Английский

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Integrating omics databases for enhanced crop breeding

Berichte aus der medizinischen Informatik und Bioinformatik/Journal of integrative bioinformatics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(4)

Published: July 24, 2023

Abstract Crop plant breeding involves selecting and developing new varieties with desirable traits such as increased yield, improved disease resistance, enhanced nutritional value. With the development of high-throughput technologies, genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, crop has entered a era. However, to effectively use these integration multi-omics data from different databases is required. Integration omics provides comprehensive understanding biological processes underlying their interactions. This review highlights importance integrating in breeding, discusses available databases, describes challenges, recent developments potential benefits. Taken together, critical step towards enhancing improving global food security.

Language: Английский

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Nutrient stress signals: Elucidating morphological, physiological, and molecular responses of fruit trees to macronutrients deficiency and their management strategies

Scientia Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 329, P. 112985 - 112985

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Improving production and fruit quality of tomato under abiotic stress: Genes for the future of tomato breeding for a sustainable agriculture

Environmental and Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 204, P. 105086 - 105086

Published: Oct. 3, 2022

Climate change and a rising world population make generation of crops with enhanced abiotic stress tolerance higher nutritive value priority objective in agriculture. In this review we have summarized recent advances on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), the most important horticultural species regarding production nutritional quality. Firstly, different complex processes evolved are summarized, special attention responses to osmotic, oxidative ionic stress, as well anatomical changes involved plant adaptation stress. order avoid or reduce loss improve fruit quality under it is utmost importance identification key genes long-term tolerance, that is, which simple variation determines significant not only vegetative but also reproductive growth. The functions known date affecting yield described, including those signal sensing, perception transduction transcription factors responsive genes. Together production, crucial given its so high worldwide consumption per capita. Nutritional compounds carotenoids vitamin E antioxidants induces secondary plants react. Although increased metabolites may be due physiological processes, field will go parallel improving when grown subjected stressful conditions. improvement reviewed, particular main ones accumulation aspect, such tocopherols. One bottlenecks breeding programs nowadays strong reduction phenotypic genetic diversity modern germplasm. Therefore, searching new resources for critical, sources natural variation, like wild relatives traditional varieties landraces, spontaneous induced mutants beneficial effects these traits. All them expand our knowledge tomato.

Language: Английский

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