Plastome data provides new insights into population differentiation and evolution of Ginkgo in the Sichuan Basin of China

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Ginkgo biloba L., an iconic living fossil, challenges traditional views of evolutionary stasis. While nuclear genomic studies have revealed population structure across China, the patterns reflected in maternally inherited plastomes remain unclear, particularly Sichuan Basin - a potential glacial refugium that may played crucial role Ginkgo's persistence. Analysis 227 complete plastomes, including 81 newly sampled individuals from Basin, three distinct maternal lineages differing known genome patterns. We identified 170 sequence variants and extensive RNA editing (235 sites) with bias toward hydrophobic amino acid conversions, suggesting active molecular evolution. A previously undocumented haplotype (IIA2), predominant western populations, showed close genetic affinity rare refugial haplotypes. Western populations exhibited higher haplotypic diversity distinctive structure, supporting basin's as both corridor for expansion. Ancient trees (314–784 years) provided evidence interaction between natural processes historical human dispersal shaping current Our findings demonstrate substantial within reveal dynamic evolution through plastome variation patterns, challenging notion stasis this fossil. This study provides resources understanding informs conservation strategies endangered species.

Language: Английский

Studies on the Inhibition of Ectonucleotide Pyrophosphatase/Phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) by 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-7,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxychromen-4-one, a Flavonoid from Pistacia chinensis

Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. 2094 - 2103

Published: Sept. 30, 2023

Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) regulates skeletal and soft tissue mineralization by hydrolyzing nucleotide triphosphates cyclic nucleotides, is involved in the modulation of immune system. In fact, ENPP1 degrades 2′,3′-cyclic GMP-AMP dinucleotide (2′,3′-cGAMP), which an agonist surface receptor stimulator interferon genes (STING), thus downregulating response. Consequently, inhibitors are being studied as adjuvant agents infections cancer. Pistacia chinensis a medicinal plant endowed with several biological activities traditional uses. current study, we report isolation transilitin (2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxychromen-4-one) from methanolic extract P. barks investigation its activity inhibitor. The compound was tested vitro against snake venom phosphodiesterase, structurally related to ENPP1, dose-dependently inhibited enzyme. Moreover, molecular modeling studies were employed assess binding motif macromolecular target. Our findings support medical application extracts shedding new light on mechanisms underlying their action.

Language: Английский