Soil application of effective microorganisms and nitrogen alleviates salt stress in hot pepper (Capsicum annum L.) plants

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

The application of effective microorganisms (EMs) and/or nitrogen (N) have a stimulating effect on plants against abiotic stress conditions. aim the present study was to determine impact co-application EMs and N growth, physio-biochemical attributes, anatomical structures, nutrients acquisition, capsaicin, protein, osmoprotectant contents, as well antioxidative defense system hot pepper (Capsicum annum L.) plants. In field trials, were not applied (EMs-) or (EMs+) along with three rates 120, 150, 180 kg unit ha-1 (designated N120, N150, N180, respectively) grown in saline soils (9.6 dS m-1). high levels attenuated salt-induced damages growth yield. EMs+ either N150 N180 increased number, average weight yield fruits by 14.4 17.0%, 20.8 20.8% 28.4 27.5%, respectively, compared treated recommended dose (EMs- × N150). When individually combined accumulation capsaicin observed 16.7 20.8%, protein 12.5 16.7%, proline 19.0 14.3%, total soluble sugars 3.7 7.4%, comparison those integrative EMs- N150. addition, non-enzymatic contents (ascorbate, glutathione) enzymatic activities (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase) antioxidant systems significantly alone under salt Higher (N, P, K+, Ca2+) reduced Na+ acquisition also evidenced response or/and levels. Most features stems leaves recovered supplied N. is undoubtedly opening new sustainable approaches toward enhancing tolerance crops (e.g. pepper).

Language: Английский

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Application of magnesium oxide nanoparticles as a novel sustainable approach to enhance crop tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses

Environmental Science Nano, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 3250 - 3267

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abiotic stresses (heavy metals, drought, salinity, etc. ) or biotic pathogens (bacteria, fungi, nematodes, contribute to major losses in crop yields.

Language: Английский

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Integrative application of licorice root extract and melatonin improves faba bean growth and production in Cd-contaminated saline soil

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Abstract Background Globally, salinity poses a threat to crop productivity by hindering plant growth and development via osmotic stress ionic cytotoxicity. Plant extracts have lately been employed as exogenous adjuvants improve endogenous defense mechanisms when grown under various environmental stresses, such salinity. This study investigated the potential of melatonin (Mt; 0, 50, 100 mM) an antioxidant licorice root extract (LRE; 0.0 3%) organic biostimulant applied sequentially foliar spray on faba bean ( Vicia L.) in cadmium (Cd)-contaminated saline soil conditions [Cd = 4.71 (mg kg − 1 soil) ECe 7.84 (dS m )]. Plants not receive any treatment sprayed with H 2 O were considered controls. The experimental treatments laid out strip plot randomized complete block design replicated thrice, where LRE Mt vertical horizontal strips, respectively. Growth characteristics, photosynthetic pigments, nutrient uptake, physiology metabolic responses, anatomical features, yield assessed. Results Cadmium (Cd) salinity-induced significantly altered leaf integrity, efficiency, total soluble sugars (TSS), free proline (FPro), phenolic, DPPH, proteins (TSP), non-enzymatic enzymatic antioxidants, characteristics yield-related traits. However, application + considerably improved these negative effects, higher improvements observed due . Application reduced hydrogen peroxide (H ) accumulation, lipid peroxidation Cd content leaves seeds, all which had increased stress. mitigated Cd-induced oxidative damage increasing activity reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, parallel enhanced reducing content. Exogenous osmolyte content, including FPro, TSS, phenols reduction considerable levels. Conclusions Our findings showed that V. plants’ morphological, physiological, biochemical properties, toxicity, promoting sustainable agricultural practices. Clinical trial number Not applicable.

Language: Английский

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Glutathione-mediated changes in productivity, photosynthetic efficiency, osmolytes, and antioxidant capacity of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) grown under water deficit

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. e15343 - e15343

Published: June 22, 2023

Globally, salinity and drought are severe abiotic stresses that presently threaten vegetable production. This study investigates the potential exogenously-applied glutathione (GSH) to relieve water deficits on Phaseolus vulgaris plants cultivated in saline soil conditions (6.22 dS m-1) by evaluating agronomic, stability index of membrane, satatus, osmolytes, antioxidant capacity responses. During two open field growing seasons (2017 2018), foliar spraying at 0.5 (GSH1) or 1.0 mM three irrigation rates (I100 = 100%, I80 80% I60 60% crop evapotranspiration) were applied common bean plants. Water significantly decreased growth, green pods yield, integrity membranes, plant status, SPAD chlorophyll index, photosynthetic (Fv/Fm, PI), while not improving use efficiency (IUE) compared full irrigation. Foliar-applied GSH markedly lessened drought-induced damages plants, enhancing above variables. The integrative + GSH1 GSH2 elevated IUE exceeded without application (I100) treatment 38% 37%, 33% 28%, respectively. Drought stress increased proline total soluble sugars content free amino acids content. However, GSH-supplemented drought-stressed mediated further increases all analyzed osmolytes contents. Exogenous enhanced antioxidative machinery, being promoted ascorbic acid as well up-regulated activity superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase. These findings demonstrate efficacy exogenous alleviating deficit salty soil.

Language: Английский

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Exogenous application of salicylic acid ameliorates salinity stress in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: April 11, 2024

Abstract Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) is a significant cereal crop belonging to Poaceae that essential for human food and animal feeding. The production of barley grains was around 142.37 million tons in 2017/2018. However, the growth influenced by salinity which enhanced applying foliar spray salicylic acid. current study investigated evaluated potential effect SA on plants under stress its possible effects physiological, biochemical, responses. experiment conducted at Postgraduate Research Station (PARS), University Agriculture; Faisalabad assess influence acid highly saline conditions. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replicates. In plastic pots containing 8 kg properly cleaned sand, two different types (Sultan Jau-17) were planted. then watered half-strength solution Hoagland’s nutritional solution. After establishment seedlings, salt treatments (0 mM 120 NaCl) applied combining three levels exogenously (SA) (0, 0.5, 1 mg L-1). Data about morphological, biochemical attributes recorded using standard procedure after weeks treatment. morpho-physiological fresh weight shoot root (48%), dry mass (66%), plant height (18%), chlorophyll (30%), b (22%), carotenoids all showed decreases. Salinity also decreased yield parameters chl. ratio (both 29% 26% total leaf area index). Compared control parameters, following data stress: spike length, number spikes, spikelets, tillers, biological yield, harvest index. Salicylic used as lessen stress, L-1 proved more effective than 0.5 L-1. Both varieties show better L-1) control, showing normal growth. By increasing level (0.5 L-1), it shows but maximized occurred higher (1 sultan best variety compared Jau-17 performs mitigate (0mM 120mM improving enhancing plan height, Root weights, well lengths, photosynthetic pigments, leaves their index, reduce sodium ions.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin enhances salt tolerance in sorghum by modulating photosynthetic performance, osmoregulation, antioxidant defense, and ion homeostasis

Open Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Melatonin is a potent antioxidant that can prevent plant damage caused by adverse stresses. It remains unclear whether exogenous melatonin mitigate the effects of salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). The aim this study was to decipher protective mechanisms (100 μmol/L) seedlings under NaCl-induced (120 mmol/L). Plant morphological, photosynthetic, physiological characteristics were analyzed at different timepoints after sowing. Results showed inhibited germination, growth, biomass accumulation reducing photosynthetic pigment contents, efficiency, root vigor, mineral uptake. In contrast, priming with enhanced biosynthesis, K+ content stress. application additionally activities enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase) increased levels non-enzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione, ascorbic acid) in leaves. These changes accompanied increase leaf contents soluble sugars, proteins, proline, as well decrease hydrogen peroxide accumulation, malondialdehyde content, electrolyte leakage. Our findings indicate alleviate stress-induced through multifaceted mechanisms, such improving performance facilitating ion homeostasis osmoregulation, promoting defense reactive oxygen species scavenging.

Language: Английский

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Exogenous Selenium Improves Physio-Biochemical and Performance of Drought-Stressed Phaseolus vulgaris Seeded in Saline Soil

Soil Systems, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. 67 - 67

Published: July 20, 2023

Water and salt stresses are among the most important global problems that limit growth production of several crops. The current study aims at possibility mitigating effect deficit irrigation common bean plants growing in saline lands by foliar spraying with selenium via assessment growth, productivity, physiological, biochemical measurements. In our study, two field-based trials were conducted 2017 2018 to examine influence three (Se) concentrations (0 (Se0), 25 (Se25), 50 mg L−1 (Se50)) on grown under full (I100 = 100% crop evapotranspiration; ETc) (I80 80% ETc, I60 60% ETc). Bean exposed water stress led a notable reduction yield, productivity (WP), status, SPAD value, chlorophyll fluorescence features (Fv/Fm PI). However, or stressed attenuated harmful effects stress. findings suggest foliage application I80 resulted higher membrane stability index, relative content, better efficiency photosystem II (Fv/Fm, 20% increased WP 17%; however, supplementation mediated further increases up 26%. Exogenous (25 L−1) water-stressed elevated plant defense system component, given it free proline, ascorbic acid, glutathione levels, as well antioxidant enzymes (SOD, APX, GPX, CAT). It was concluded levels or/and Se improves status yield beans cultivated soil.

Language: Английский

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Modulation of salt stress through application of citrate capped silver nanoparticles and indole acetic acid in maize

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 201, P. 107914 - 107914

Published: July 25, 2023

Language: Английский

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Interplay of silymarin and clove fruit extract effectively enhances cadmium stress tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 14, 2023

Introduction Osmoprotectant supplementation can be used as a useful approach to enhance plant stress tolerance. However, the effect of silymarin and clove fruit extract (CFE) on wheat plants grown under cadmium (Cd) has not been studied. Methods Wheat seeds were planted in plastic pots filled with ions-free sand. A ½-strength Hoagland’s nutrient solution was for irrigation. Pots treated eight treatments thirteen days after sowing: 1) Control, 2) 0.5 mM foliar application [silymarin], 3) 2% CFE [CFE], 4) enriched (0.24 g L-1 CFE) [CFE-silymarin], 5) Watering seedlings nutritious 2 Cd [Cd]. 6) Cadmium + silymarin, 7) CFE, 8) CFE-silymarin. The experimental design completely randomized nine replicates. Results discussion decreased grain yield, shoot dry weight, leaf area, carotenoids, chlorophylls, stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration membrane stability index, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content by 66.9, 60.6, 56.7, 23.8, 33.5, 48.1, 41.2, 48.7, 42.5, 24.1, 39.9, 24.1%, respectively. On other hand, an Application or CEF-silymarin stress, significantly improved all investigated biochemical, morphological, physiological variables enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities. Applying and/or tolerance more efficiently. Our findings suggest using CFE-silymarin meaningful biostimulator increase plants’ via enhancing various metabolic processes.

Language: Английский

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Using some microorganisms as biocontrol agents to manage phytopathogenic fungi: a comprehensive review

Journal of Plant Pathology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 106(1), P. 3 - 21

Published: Nov. 16, 2023

Language: Английский

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