Plant Metabolomics: An Overview of the Role of Primary and Secondary Metabolites against Different Environmental Stress Factors

Life, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 706 - 706

Published: March 6, 2023

Several environmental stresses, including biotic and abiotic factors, adversely affect the growth development of crops, thereby lowering their yield. However, e.g., drought, salinity, cold, heat, ultraviolet radiations (UVr), reactive oxygen species (ROS), trace metals (TM), soil pH, are extremely destructive decrease crop yield worldwide. It is expected that more than 50% production losses due to stresses. Moreover, these factors responsible for physiological biochemical changes in plants. The response different plant such stresses a complex phenomenon with individual features several species. In addition, it has been shown stimulate multi-gene responses by making modifications accumulation primary secondary metabolites. Metabolomics promising way interpret stress tolerance study metabolic profiling revealed types metabolites, amino acids, carbohydrates, phenols, polyamines, terpenes, etc, which accumulated Among all, as lipids glycine betaine, considered major contributing work osmolytes osmoprotectants plants from various factors. contrast, plant-derived phenolics, terpenoids, nitrogen-containing compounds (alkaloids), have no direct role Nevertheless, metabolites could play significant defense protecting herbivores, insects, pathogens. they can enhance resistance against Therefore, metabolomics practices becoming essential influential identifying phytochemicals part acclimation stimuli. Hence, an accurate metabolome analysis important understand basics physiology biochemistry. This review provides insight into current information related impact on variations sets metabolite levels explores how help

Language: Английский

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Exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) mitigated salinity-induced impairments in mungbean plants by regulating their nitrogen metabolism and antioxidant potential

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

Background Increasing soil salinization has a detrimental effect on agricultural productivity.Therefore, strategies are needed to induce salinity-tolerance in crop species for sustainable foodproduction. γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays key role regulating plant salinity stresstolerance. However, it remains largely unknown how mungbean plants (Vigna radiata L.) respondto exogenous GABA under stress. Methods Thus, we evaluated the of (1.5 mM) growth and physiobiochemicalresponse mechanism saline stress (0-, 50-, 100 mM [NaCland Na2SO4, at 1:1 molar ratio]). Results Increased adversely affected plants' metabolism. Forinstance, leaf-stem-root biomass (34- 56%, 31- 53%, 27- 56% 50- 100mM, respectively]) chlorophyll concentrations declined. The carotenoid level increased (10%)at 50 remained unaffected mM. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde(MDA), osmolytes (soluble sugars, soluble proteins, proline), total phenolic content, andenzymatic activities superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase(POD), glutathione reductase (GTR), polyphenol oxidation (PPO) were significantlyincreased. In leaves, caused significant increase Na+ concentration but decrease inK+ concentration, resulting low K+/Na+ (51- 71% 100- mMstress). Additionally, nitrogen nitrate (NR) andglutamine synthetase (GS) decreased significantly. reduction glutamate synthase (GOGAT)activity was only (65%) Exogenous Na+, H2O2,and MDA enhanced photosynthetic pigments, K+ ratio, Nmetabolism, osmolytes, enzymatic antioxidant activities, thus reducing salinity-associatedstress damages, improved biomass. Conclusion may have tolerance by maintaining their morpho-physiological responses accumulation harmfulsubstances salinity. Future molecular studies can contribute better understanding themolecular mechanisms which regulates tolerance.

Language: Английский

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Synthetic Microbial Communities Enhance Pepper Growth and Root Morphology by Regulating Rhizosphere Microbial Communities

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 148 - 148

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Synthetic microbial community (SynCom) application is efficient in promoting crop yield and soil health. However, few studies have been conducted to enhance pepper growth via modulating rhizosphere communities by SynCom application. This study aimed investigate how inoculation at the seedling stage impacts microbiome using high-throughput sequencing technology. significantly increased shoot height, stem diameter, fresh weight, dry chlorophyll content, leaf number, root vigor, tips, total length, root-specific surface area of 20.9%, 36.33%, 68.84%, 64.34%, 29.65%, 27.78%, 117.42%, 35.4%, 21.52%, 39.76%, respectively, relative control. The Chao index Bray–Curtis dissimilarity fungal increased, while bacterial decreased inoculation. abundances key taxa such as Scedosporium, Sordariomycetes, Pseudarthrobacter, norankSBR1031, norankA4b with inoculation, positively correlated indices growth. Our findings suggest that can effectively regulate morphology regulating increasing abundance like Sordariomycetes thereby benefiting nutrient acquisition, resistance improvement, pathogen crops ensure sustainability.

Language: Английский

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RETRACTED: Biosynthesis and characterization of iron oxide nanoparticles from Mentha spicata and screening its combating potential against Phytophthora infestans

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Sept. 26, 2022

Plant pathogens cause serious diseases to agricultural crops which lead food insecurity in the world. To combat plant pathogens, various strategies have been developed including use of agrochemicals. The overuse these chemicals is now leading pesticide-resistant capability pathogens. overcome this problem, modern nanobiotechnology offers production alternative nano drugs. In study, we used Mentha spicata for synthesis iron oxide nanoparticles using green method. Fe 2 O 3 NPs was confirmed through characterizations. UV–Vis analysis detected a characteristic absorbance at spectral range 272 nm. SEM micrographic magnifications displayed circular or rod-shaped with size ranging from 21 82 elemental EDX characterization showed intense peaks weight percent 57, 34.93, and 8.07 Fe, O, and, Cl respectively. TGA that loss 44–182, 500, 660°C no further modification indicates thermal stability nanoparticles. FTIR spectrum uncalined detects bands 3331, 1625, 1,437 cm −1 hydroxyl group. After calcination two 527 434 were observed Fe-O. antimicrobial vitro study maximum growth inhibition Phytophthora infestans by concentration 100 μg ml -PE NPs. Therefore, resulted bio-stable can be as agents.

Language: Английский

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Improvement of heat stress tolerance in soybean (Glycine max L), by using conventional and molecular tools

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Sept. 26, 2022

The soybean is a significant legume crop, providing several vital dietary components. Extreme heat stress negatively affects yield and quality, especially at the germination stage. Continuous change in climatic conditions threatening global food supply security. Therefore, it critical need of time to develop heat-tolerant genotypes. Different molecular techniques have been developed improve tolerance soybean, but until now complete genetic mechanism not fully understood. Various methods, like quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, engineering, transcription factors (TFs), transcriptome, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), are employed incorporate under extreme stress. These significantly improved soybean. Besides this, we can also use specific classical breeding approaches different hormones reduce harmful consequences waves on In future, integrated these tools would bring results developing current review, presented detailed overview improvement highlighted future prospective. Further studies required investigate governing response This information be helpful for focusing improving

Language: Английский

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Biogenic Fabrication of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from Leptolyngbya sp. L-2 and Multiple In Vitro Pharmacogenetic Properties

Toxics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 561 - 561

Published: June 27, 2023

Metallic nanoparticles have received a significant amount of reflection over period time, attributed to their electronic, specific surface area, and atom properties. The biogenic synthesis iron oxide (FeONPs) is demonstrated in this study. green metallic (NPs) acquiring considerable attention due its environmental economic superiorities other methods. Leptolyngbya sp. L-2 extract was employed as reducing agent, chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O) used substrate for the FeONPs. Different spectral methods were characterization biosynthesized FeONPs, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy gave plasmon resonance (SPR) peak FeONPs at 300 nm; Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis conducted identify functional groups responsible both stability morphology investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which shows nearly spherical shape, an X-ray diffraction (XRD) study crystalline nature with calculated crystallinity size 23 nm. zeta potential (ZP) dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements revealed values -8.50 mV, suggesting appropriate physical stability. Comprehensive in-vitro pharmacogenetic properties that therapeutic potential. been reported antibacterial antifungal Dose-dependent cytotoxic activity shown against Leishmania tropica promastigotes (IC50: 10.73 µg/mL) amastigotes 16.98 various concentrations also brine shrimps, IC50 value determined be 34.19 µg/mL. showed antioxidant results (DPPH: 54.7%, TRP: 49.2%, TAC: 44.5%), protein kinase 96.23 µg/mL), alpha amylase 3745 µg/mL). biosafety validated by biocompatibility tests macrophages 918.1 red blood cells 2921 In conclusion, biomedical should focus more studies increase nano-pharmacological significance biological applications.

Language: Английский

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Biological synthesis of Ag-nanoparticles using Stachys parviflora and its inhibitory potential against Xanthomonas campestris

South African Journal of Botany, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 157, P. 409 - 422

Published: April 15, 2023

Language: Английский

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Physiological and Ultrastructural Changes in Dendranthema morifolium Cultivars Exposed to Different Cadmium Stress Conditions

Agriculture, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 317 - 317

Published: Jan. 28, 2023

Ornamental plant species may vary substantially in their tolerance response to heavy metals. The aim of this research was check chrysanthemum cultivars, namely Donglin Ruixue (C), Yellow (F), Red pocket (G), and New 9714 (I), which are commonly used as landscape plants determine levels cadmium (Cd) at different concentrations through hydroponic cultures. Chrysanthemum cultivars were treated with five Cd (0, 10, 20, 50, 100 mg L−1) physiological, enzymatic, ultra-structure traits taken under consideration vitro. results showed that concentration significantly inhibited the total chlorophyll content, a, b, carotenoid content. Chlorophyll contents reduced higher all but reduction rates cultivar F (59.49%), G (40.41%), I (44.97%), C (33.86%). Similarly, b than a (73.33%), followed by (58.06%), (61.66%), (32.43%), stress conditions. Additionally, relative conductivity recorded (146.48%), (223.66%), (165.96%), (154.92%), respectively, L−1 concentrations. Likewise, MDA increased high stress, 155.56, 325.27, 173.91, 322.18%, C, F, G, L−1, it promoted greater increase cultivars. SOD CAT activities L−1. In same way, POD activity ultrastructure changes also occurred i.e., 20 these caused alterations cell organelles, including chloroplast, grana, lamella, thylakoid, stroma. They noticeable damage mitochondria It concluded antioxidative defense indicated ability tolerate These could, therefore, be for phytoremediation potential Cd-contaminated areas.

Language: Английский

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Nano-Integrated Plant Tissue Culture to Increase the Rate of Callus Induction, Growth, and Curcuminoid Production in Curcuma longa

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(13), P. 1819 - 1819

Published: July 2, 2024

Turmeric has attracted a significant amount of interest in recent years due to its strong antimicrobial properties. The tissue culture turmeric is preferred obtain disease-free, highest number plantlets with good uniform chemistry. However, there need increase the speed whole process meet growing demand for planting materials and save time resources. Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Potential Benefits of Trichoderma Species in Agro-Industrial Crop Production

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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