Creating Climate-Resilient Crops by Increasing Drought, Heat, and Salt Tolerance

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 1238 - 1238

Published: April 29, 2024

Over the years, changes in agriculture industry have been inevitable, considering need to feed growing population. As world population continues grow, food security has become challenged. Resources such as arable land and freshwater scarce due quick urbanization developing countries anthropologic activities; expanding agricultural production areas is not an option. Environmental climatic factors drought, heat, salt stresses pose serious threats worldwide. Therefore, utilize remaining water effectively efficiently maximize yield support increasing demand crucial. It essential develop climate-resilient crops that will outperform traditional under any abiotic stress conditions salt, well these combinations. This review provides a glimpse of how plant breeding evolved overcome harsh environmental what future would be like.

Language: Английский

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Elicitors and Biostimulants to Mitigate Water Stress in Vegetables

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 837 - 837

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

The acceleration of the climate crisis and increased demand for water have caused stress in many agricultural lands worldwide. This issue is utmost importance as represents one most crucial challenges sector food security, affecting growth yield crops. Developing strategies to mitigate adverse effects improve crop tolerance therefore crucial. review aimed analyze effect practices such elicitation biostimulation on mitigating vegetables. manuscript provides relevant recent information about studied various vegetable species their responses under deficit non-agricultural stress, highlighting use elicitors biostimulants. Inclusion criteria were scientific reports book chapters published from 2000 2024, including keywords follows: + vegetables, effects, drought management, eustressors biostimulants mitigation. According reported literature, it was found that physiological, biochemical, molecular vegetables depended factors severity duration deficit, plant species, phenological state plants. Traditional agronomic tillage, mulching, intercropping management evaluated. Recently, alternative gained significant interest, exogenous application phytohormones osmoprotectants, nutrient UV-B light, radiation, acoustic waves, among others, whose eustressive (as elicitors) been demonstrated. Among these eustressors, those physical origin show great potential stress. To individual mitigation, we proposed combination hormones gamma rays, He-Ne laser, UV-B. Further exploration required establish doses, conditions, mitigation yield, underscoring ongoing nature this research.

Language: Английский

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Seedling Growth Stress Quantification Based on Environmental Factors Using Sensor Fusion and Image Processing

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 186 - 186

Published: Feb. 18, 2024

Understanding the diverse environmental influences on seedling growth is critical for maximizing yields. The need a more comprehensive understanding of how various factors affect required. Integrating sensor data and image processing techniques offers promising approach to accurately detect stress symptoms uncover hidden patterns, enhancing comprehension responses factors. objective this study was quantify six varieties using image-extracted feature characteristics. Three sensors were used: an RGB camera color, shape, size information; thermal measuring canopy temperature; depth providing height from features. Six grown under controlled conditions, with variations in temperature, light intensity, nutrients, water supply, while daily automated imaging conducted two weeks. Key features, including leaf area, height, derived through techniques. These features then employed each type. analysis effects revealed distinct stressors. Integration size, shape parameters established visual hierarchy: pepper pak choi seedlings showed good response, cucumber milder lettuce tomato displayed intermediate response. Pepper exhibited wide range symptoms, at 13.00% 83.33% 2.96% 70.01%, respectively, indicating considerable variability their reactions suggested classification provides valuable groundwork advancing monitoring enabling growers optimize conditions.

Language: Английский

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Miscanthus sinensis ‘Gracillimus’ Shows Strong Submergence Tolerance Implying Its Potential Utilization in Construction of Ecological Ditches

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 109 - 109

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

This study focused on three drought-tolerant grasses, namely Miscanthus sinensis ‘Gracillimus’ (Mis), Pennisetum alopecuroides ‘Ziguang’ (Pen), and Elytrigia repens (L.) Nevski ‘Jingcao No. 2′ (Ely), selected from nine species. Despite limited knowledge regarding their tolerance to submergence responses this stress, these grasses were chosen for investigation. The grass species exposed varying durations of (0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 days) in a greenhouse setting. Subsequently, growth characteristics, physiological traits, nitrogen accumulation evaluated. found that all exhibited flood tolerance, with Mis showing the strongest resistance. Under an 11-day flooding treatment, there was no significant trend above-ground biomass Mis. Flooding significantly reduced root-to-stem ratio, Pen Ely exhibiting more pronounced declines than chlorophyll content decreased by 38%, compared 41% 60% Ely. root activity most affected dropped 88.6%, inhibited longer durations. Pen’s levels across treatments, while changes observed Ely’s assimilation initially increased until T4, after which it began decline, reflecting similar trends biomass. These findings suggest is linked nutrient uptake photosynthetic capacity, highlighting as suitable flood-prone areas recommending its use ecological ditch construction China. provides material selection ditches.

Language: Английский

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Analysis of changes in morphological characters and drought resistance of tetraploid P. alba

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Artificial induction of polyploids is an effective technique for plant breeding and genetic improvement. Understanding the changes in morphology after polyploidization key to studying underlying physiological mechanisms polyploid development. We obtained a tetraploid P. alba using colchicine performed characterization analysis on it. The results showed that height leaf area were smaller than those diploid plant. have thicker leaves, higher chlorophyll contents, larger but less dense stomata. Tetraploidization also resulted significant stem anatomy, including xylem width phloem width. In addition, we found plants exhibited enhanced drought tolerance compared with parent. our study not only revealed structural plants, provided valuable insights into alba.

Language: Английский

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Proline Metabolism in Response to Climate Extremes in Hairgrass

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 1408 - 1408

Published: May 18, 2024

Hairgrass (Deschampsia caespitosa), a widely distributed grass species considered promising in the ecological restoration of degraded grassland Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, is likely to be subjected frequent drought and waterlogging stress due ongoing climate change, further aggravating degradation this region. However, whether it would acclimate water stresses resulting from extreme climates remains unknown. Proline accumulation crucial metabolic response plants challenging environmental conditions. This study aims investigate changes proline key enzymes hairgrass shoot root tissues distinct extremes including moderate drought, waterlogging, dry–wet variations over 28 days using completely randomized block design. The accumulation, contribution glutamate ornithine pathways, enzyme activities related metabolism were examined. results showed that led both hairgrass, highlighting importance osmoprotectant mitigating effects challenges. differential shoots compared roots suggests strategic allocation resources by plant cope with osmotic stress. Enzymatic metabolism, such as Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase, aminotransferase, reductase, dehydrogenase, emphasize dynamic regulation levels under These findings support potential for enhancing resistance through genetic manipulation biosynthesis catabolism pathways.

Language: Английский

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Dark septate endophytes enhance the drought tolerance of Haloxylon ammodendron in sterilized and nonsterilized soil

Pedobiologia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 105, P. 150971 - 150971

Published: June 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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The Research Trends and Application Prospects of Waterlogging Tolerance in Garden Plants Through Bibliometric Analysis

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 195 - 195

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

With the intensification of global climate change and urbanization, extreme rainfall urban flooding have become increasingly frequent, making flood tolerance garden plants a key issue in landscaping ecology. Identifying research progress development trends waterlogging plants, as well selecting waterlogging-tolerant species, is core strategy for advancing ecological development. This study employed Web Science database to conduct systematic search using subject, title, keyword criteria. After excluding irrelevant studies through full-text reviews, 164 articles were selected. Using bibliometric analysis, systematically reviewed relevant literature published over past 21 years on landscape both domestically internationally, analyzing hotspots, while summarizing physiological molecular responses flood-prone environments. The indicates significant differences among different species plants. main directions include morphology, physiology, biology, ecology, cultivation, selection, with biology emerging area recent years. Furthermore, context change, this identifies 50 flood-tolerant high value, proposes guidelines species. It concludes by discussing future potential applications these landscaping, sponge city construction, restoration.

Language: Английский

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Silica nanoparticles as a waste product to alleviate the harmful effects of water stress in wheat

International Journal of Phytoremediation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(10), P. 1626 - 1642

Published: April 21, 2024

Drought is a threat to food security and agricultural sustainability in arid semi-arid countries. Using wasted silica nanoparticles could minimize water scarcity. A controlled study investigated wheat plant physiological morphological growth under tap-water irrigation (80-100, 60-80, 40-60% field capacity). The benefits of S1: 0%, S2: 5%, S3: 10% nanoparticle soil additions were studied. Our research reveals that stress damages the functional plants. Plant height decreased by 8.9%, grain yield 5.4%, biological 19.2%. These effects observed when plants irrigated capacity

Language: Английский

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Serendipita indica Promotes the Growth of Tartary Buckwheat by Stimulating Hormone Synthesis, Metabolite Production, and Increasing Systemic Resistance

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(11), P. 1114 - 1114

Published: Nov. 17, 2023

The main objective of this study was to investigate the influence Serendipita indica on growth Tartary buckwheat plants. This highlighted that roots can be colonized by S. and fungal endophyte improved plants height, fresh weight, dry grain yield. In meantime, colonization in leaves resulted elevated levels photosynthesis, plant hormone content, antioxidant enzyme activity, proline chlorophyll soluble sugars, protein content. Additionally, introduction led a substantial rise flavonoids phenols found seeds buckwheat. addition, reduced content malondialdehyde hydrogen peroxide when compared non-colonized Importantly, drought tolerance is increased, which benefits from physiology bio-chemical changes after colonized. conclusion, we have shown improve systematic resistance promote enhancing photosynthetic capacity buckwheat, inducing production IAA, increasing secondary metabolites such as total flavonoids, improving activity plant.

Language: Английский

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