Callose in leptoid cell walls of the moss Polytrichum and the evolution of callose synthase across bryophytes

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 7, 2024

Introduction Leptoids, the food-conducting cells of polytrichaceous mosses, share key structural features with sieve elements in tracheophytes, including an elongated shape oblique end walls containing modified plasmodesmata or pores. In callose is instrumental developing pores that enable efficient photoassimilate transport. Aside from a few studies using aniline blue fluorescence yielded confusing results, little known about moss leptoids. Methods Callose location and abundance during development leptoid cell was investigated Polytrichum commune quantitative immunogold labeling (label density) transmission electron microscope. To evaluate changes abiotic stress, leptoids hydrated plants compared to dried for 14 days under field conditions. A bioinformatic study assess evolution within across bryophytes conducted synthase (CalS) genes 46 (24 15 liverworts, 7 hornworts) one representative each five tracheophyte groups. Results increases around meristematic mature Controlled drying resulted significant increase label density over counts plants. Phylogenetic analysis CalS protein family recovered main clades (A, B, C). Different where greatest diversity homologs found clade A, majority gene duplication B. Discussion This work identifies as crucial wall polymer their inception functioning leptoids, water stress similar tracheophytes. Among bryophytes, mosses exhibit number multiple events, while only two duplications are revealed hornwort none liverworts. The absence essential pore angiosperms, reveals different responsible synthesizing associated mosses.

Language: Английский

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Simulation Study of the Water Ordering Effect of the β-(1,3)-Glucan Callose Biopolymer

Biomacromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Callose, a polysaccharide closely related to cellulose, plays crucial role in plant development and resistance environmental stress. These functions are often attributed the enhancement by callose of mechanical properties semiordered assemblies cellulose nanofibers. A recent study, however, suggested that might be due its ability order neighboring water molecules, resulting formation, up room temperature, solid-like water–callose domains. This hypothesis is tested atomistic molecular dynamics simulations using ad hoc models consisting hydrogels. The simulation results, do not show significant crystallinity callose/water samples. Moreover, computation Young's modulus gives nearly same result cellulose/water samples, leaving callose's link nanofibers into networks as most likely mechanism underlying strengthening cell wall.

Language: Английский

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Early changes in microRNA expression in Arabidopsis plants infected with the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. e0318532 - e0318532

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Plants respond to biotic stressors by modulating various processes in an attempt limit the attack a pathogen or herbivore. Triggering these different defense requires orchestration of network proteins and RNA molecules that includes microRNAs (miRNAs). These short (20–22 nucleotides) have been shown be important players early responses plants stresses because they can rapidly regulate expression levels downstream genes. The ascomycete Fusarium graminearum is fungal causes significant losses cereal crops worldwide. Using well-characterized Fusarium-Arabidopsis pathosystem, we investigated how change their miRNAs globally during stages infection F . We created catalog differential infected samples even before any visual symptoms are present. In addition previously implicated stress responses, also identified evolutionarily young whose significantly response infection. Some homologs present cereals, which suggest some could drivers response. By examining if this causal roles plant response, unique path toward development with increased resistance pathogens developed.

Language: Английский

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Spatial distribution of mRNA transcripts of chitinases class VII and beta-1,3-glucanases class II in flax zygotic and somatic embryo development

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 47(3)

Published: Feb. 8, 2025

Language: Английский

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Species-specific modulation of nitro-oxidative stress and root growth in monocots by silica nanoparticle pretreatment under copper oxide nanoparticle stress

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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The role of salivary effector FoCA2 in modulating the interactions of the defense response of the kidney bean and the adaptability of Frankliniella occidentalis under dinotefuran exposure

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 209, P. 106336 - 106336

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Pollen–pistil interactions in divergent wide crosses lead to spatial and temporal pre-fertilization reproductive barrier in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Linseed, has been a source of natural fiber for textile industries since its domestication. However, despite being the potential trait reservoir, use Linum wild genetic resources improvement economic traits are not exploited widely. This is mainly due to degree divergence that exists among interspecific ecotypes causing crossability issues. Self-incompatibility occurrence heterostyly very well reported in distantly related crop relatives and, mechanism self-incompatibility between different floral morphs also studied. pollen germination and tube growth responses crosses rarely Thus, present study was exclusively carried out assess major pre-zygotic barriers their effect on foreign stigma using fluorescent microscopy aniline blue stain-aided technology, understand how species operate growth. The revealed pollen-pistil interaction wide L. usitatissimum X grandiflorum regulated by both temporal spatial pre-fertilization barriers. Callose deposition within 2 h after pollination (HAP) at surface, cause inhibiting germination. Various kinds aberrations started appearing during 2–4 HAP. complexity hybridization observed terms arrest (PT) ovary, ruptured, twisted swollen tip, reverse direction, convoluted terminated patterns. Inconsistent rates tubes reach various stylar regions emphasizes importance studying these agricultural advancements. results show while distant with less efficient, can still navigate ovular tissues, albeit some delay. finding opens avenues investigating factors hinder viable seed formation, enhancing our understanding reproductive success this species.

Language: Английский

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Identification and analysis of the GATA gene family in onion (Allium cepa L.) in response to chromium and salt stress

BMC Genomics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(1)

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

The GATA transcription factors play multifaceted roles in modulating vital physiological processes plants. However, the factor family onion (Allium cepa L.) has been explored to a limited extent. In present study, genome-wide survey of and subsequent characterization carried out genome. total, 24 A. GATAs (AcGATA1-AcGATA24) have identified Chromosomal mapping revealed that all genes could be mapped onto different chromosomes or scaffolds. gene duplication, synteny, collinearity analysis AcGATAs suggested their divergence, expansion, selection onions. Phylogenetic divided them into five groups along with other plant GATAs. Gene ontology cis-regulatory element results regulate crucial processes, such as growth development, phytohormone signalling, stress response. tissue-specific expression study indicated expressed multiple tissues. under subjected chromium salt get induced response applied stresses. Lastly, protein interaction network predicted some key interacting partners can characterized Functional predictions processes. involvement abiotic Overall, provides newer insights possible

Language: Английский

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Fine Mapping of the QTL qRLP12 That Controls Root Length Under Polyethylene glycol-Induced Drought Stress During the Early Seedling Stage of Sesame

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 2886 - 2886

Published: March 22, 2025

A deeper root system can improve the efficiency of water and nutrient absorption from soil; therefore, genetic improvements to length crops are essential for yield stability under drought stress. We previously identified a stable quantitative trait locus (QTL) qRLP12 polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced stress in Jinhuangma (JHM, sensitive)/Zhushanbai (ZSB, tolerant) recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. To validate fine map this QTL, study, secondary F2 population was constructed, effect target QTL validated by comparing phenotype data different genotypes. Using newly developed markers, 14 genotypes individuals were obtained. phenotypic analysis homozygous progeny lines narrowed 91 kb region. Seven putative predicted genes region, among which LOC105165547, callose synthase gene, only one containing nonsynonymous variations coding region between two parents. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that LOC105165547 significantly induced PEG qRLP12+ line. These indicated might be candidate gene qRLP12, is responsible subjected Our results provide favored resource improving sesame.

Language: Английский

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Callose Accumulation in Winter Wheat Seedlings under UV Irradiation

Cytology and Genetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 59(2), P. 159 - 167

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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