The (In)flexible self: Psychopathology, mindfulness, and neuroscience

International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(4), P. 100381 - 100381

Published: March 18, 2023

Clinical and neuroscientific evidence indicates that transdiagnostic processes contribute to the generation maintenance of psychopathological symptoms disorders. Rigidity (inflexibility) appears a core feature most pathological processes. Decreasing rigidity may prove important restore maintain mental health. One primary domains in which flexibility plays role concerns self. We adopt pattern theory self (PTS) for working definition This incorporates pluralist view on as constituted by multiple aspects or processes, understood constitute self-pattern, i.e. organized non-linear dynamical relations across number time scales. The use mindfulness meditation format Mindfulness Based Interventions (MBIs) has been developed over four decades Psychology. MBIs are promising evidence-based treatments, shown be equivalent gold-standard treatments superior specific active controls several randomized controlled trials. Notably, have target symptoms. Given hypothesized central rigid, habitual self-patterns psychopathology, PTS offers useful frame understand how beneficial decreasing inflexibility. discuss can alter psychological behavioral expression individual well favour change self-pattern whole gestalt. research phenomenology (pattern) is reflected associated cortical networks meditation-related alterations networks. Creating synergy between these two increase understanding improve diagnostic therapeutic options.

Language: Английский

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The Self and its Disorders

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 14, 2023

Abstract The Self and its Disorders develops a philosophical interdisciplinary approach to the formulation of an “integrative” perspective in psychiatry. In contrast some integrative approaches that focus on narrow brain-based conceptions, or strictly symptomology, this book takes bearings from embodied enactive conceptions human experience builds understands self as self-pattern—a pattern processes include bodily, experiential, affective, cognitive-psychological, reflective, narrative, intersubjective, ecological, normative factors. It provides analysis notion self-pattern, framed terms dynamical organization. then draws phenomenological, developmental, clinical, experimental evidence propose method for studying effects psychopathologies includes discussions network theory, predictive processing models, role narrative. This explores hypothesis psychiatric disorders are self-disorders, specific schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, depression, borderline personality disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder autism spectrum well traumatic torture solitary confinement. Other topics diagnostic classification, symptom overlap, transdiagnostic complexity. Several chapters explore variety issues relate therapeutic approaches, including deep brain stimulation, meditation-based interventions, use artificial intelligence virtual reality.

Language: Английский

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An ontology of mechanisms of action in behaviour change interventions

Wellcome Open Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8, P. 337 - 337

Published: Aug. 11, 2023

Behaviour change interventions influence behaviour through causal processes called "mechanisms of action" (MoAs). Reports such and their evaluations often use inconsistent or ambiguous terminology, creating problems for searching, evidence synthesis theory development. This inconsistency includes the reporting MoAs. An ontology can help address these challenges by serving as a classification system that labels defines MoAs relationships. The aim this study was to develop an interventions.

Language: Английский

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Mindfulness research and applications in the context of neoliberalism: A narrative and critical review

Social and Personality Psychology Compass, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(2)

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Abstract This narrative and critical review outlines the implications of scientific production on Mindfulness widespread diffusion practice under neoliberal capitalism. scientific, therapeutic economic high‐value object is a fruitful research field in medical social sciences. Since exiting confines mental somatic health it has also flourished as self‐care self‐improvement technique. Drawing psychosocial perspective where considered both psychological phenomenon, we explore reasons why institutions corporations have regularly universal panacea to address health, environmental problems, how this contributed transferring consequences structural systemic issues from State realms individual management responsibilization, fostering inequalities. We expose role Buddhist Modernism, psychology into consolidation product knowledge form governmentality. The effects users researchers mainstream science, including psychology, are discussed. Avenues for mindful resistance, such theoretical methodological perspectives Mindfulness, developed.

Language: Английский

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An ontology of mechanisms of action in behaviour change interventions

Wellcome Open Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8, P. 337 - 337

Published: May 30, 2024

Background Behaviour change interventions influence behaviour through causal processes called “mechanisms of action” (MoAs). Reports such and their evaluations often use inconsistent or ambiguous terminology, creating problems for searching, evidence synthesis theory development. This inconsistency includes the reporting MoAs. An ontology can help address these challenges by serving as a classification system that labels defines MoAs relationships. The aim this study was to develop an interventions. Methods To MoA Ontology, we (1) defined ontology’s scope; (2) identified, labelled entities; (3) refined annotating (i.e., coding) in intervention reports; (4) via stakeholder review comprehensiveness clarity; (5) tested whether researchers could reliably apply annotate evaluation (6) relationships between (7) reviewed alignment Ontology with other relevant ontologies, (8) Theories Techniques Tool; (9) published machine-readable version ontology. Results “a process is causally active relationship scenario its outcome behaviour”. We created initial 261 entities Steps 2-5. Inter-rater reliability reports using α=0.68 (“acceptable”) familiar α=0.47 unfamiliar it. As result additional revisions (Steps 6-8), 23 further were added resulting 284 organised seven hierarchical levels. Conclusions extensively captures serve controlled vocabulary consistently describe synthesise about across diverse sources.

Language: Английский

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Clarifying and measuring the characteristics of experiences that involve a loss of self or a dissolution of its boundaries

Consciousness and Cognition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 119, P. 103655 - 103655

Published: Feb. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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Mindfulness, Self-compassion, and Psychological Wellbeing as Correlates of Paternal Bonding in Pregnancy

Journal of Child and Family Studies, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Abstract Parental bonding is defined as the affectionate tie a parent feels towards their infant. These feelings generally arise prenatally and increase in intensity over course of pregnancy, both mothers fathers. Bonding fundamental for positive parenting behaviors optimal child development. Few quantitative studies systematically examined what factors contribute to fathers during pregnancy. The aim present study was examine whether variety risk (symptoms depression anxiety, stress, repetitive negative thinking) resilience (self-compassion trait mindfulness facets) were associated with prenatal paternal explore potential mechanisms. In total, 66 expectant an average age 33.7 years completed online questionnaires second or third trimester pregnancy assess variables interest. Analyses demonstrated that more symptoms anxiety elevated levels stress poorer bonding. addition, less thinking, self-compassion non-judging inner experience indirectly related higher through lower stress. Findings suggest who suffer from psychological distress, have repetitive, negative, intrusive thoughts, tend be judgmental self-critical may at suboptimal Providing adequate support risk, perhaps form mindfulness-based interventions, essential order cope challenges new fatherhood facilitate process unborn child.

Language: Английский

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Treatment for Depression Among Adults: An Evidence and Gap Map of Systematic Reviews

Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Objective To identify and map systematic reviews on the effectiveness of treatment for depressive disorders among adults. Methods We retrieved meta‐analyses randomized controlled trials involving adults with symptoms from twelve English four Chinese databases (June 21, 2022). Using an interactive map, we visualized evidence depression based intervention‐outcome framework. The interventions included psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, complementary alternative treatments, others. outcomes remission symptoms, disorder, life social skills, adverse events. Results 994 meta‐analyses, including 32 that were review protocols, highlighting distribution treatments. However, gap (EGM) revealed significant gaps in specific interventions, populations, outcomes, regions. While treatments dominate landscape, highlighted a lack research types depression, such as people bipolar disorder treatment‐resistant depression. It was similar situation underserved young middle‐aged adults, males, sexual minority individuals, disabilities. also suggested need more potential risks side effects associated both pharmacological nonpharmacological Conclusions contribution this EGM to present available making base could inform future policy decisions practice. identified population, regions, confidence. further tailored populations highlighted.

Language: Английский

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Self-compassion, automatic thoughts, and mental pain in depression: Mediating effects and clinical implications

World Journal of Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4)

Published: March 25, 2025

BACKGROUND Depression is a leading global health concern with high suicide rates and recurrence. Cognitive models suggest that mental pain automatic thoughts are central to depression's impact. The hypothesis self-compassion will be negatively associated pain, mediated by thoughts. AIM To determine the mediating role of in relationship between individuals depression. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 389 inpatients depression from Tianjin Anding Hospital. Participants completed Self-Compassion Scale-Chinese Version (SCS-C), Automatic Thought Questionnaire (ATQ), Orbach & Mikulincer Mental Pain (OMMP). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlations, multiple linear regressions, mediation analysis. RESULTS SCS-C total score was 68.95 ± 14.89, ATQ 87.02 28.91, OMMP 129.01 36.74. Correlation analysis showed positively (r = 0.802, P < 0.001) -0.636, 0.001). Regression indicated (β 0.623, -0.301, significantly predicted pain. Mediation confirmed partially (ab -0.269, 95%CI: -0.363 -0.212). CONCLUSION Self-compassion inversely related depression, playing role. These findings potential therapeutic targets for alleviating depressed patients.

Language: Английский

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Vulnerabilities and psychological distress among female sex workers in the ANRS 12381 PRINCESSE cohort in San Pedro, Côte d’Ivoire

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 3, 2025

Background. Despite the many vulnerabilities faced by female sex workers (FSWs), few studies have investigated mental health in this population, especially West Africa. This study aimed to determine frequency of psychological distress and identify associated factors among FSWs included a sexual reproductive cohort Côte d’Ivoire. Methods. The ANRS 12381 PRINCESSE project (2019-2023) was single-arm interventional ≥18 years San Pedro, d’Ivoire, evaluating comprehensive community-based care offer through mobile clinics operating on work sites. cross-sectional sub-study all who completed at least one socio-behavioral questionnaire. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) used describe signs first Multivariable logistic regression with having distress. Results. Among 489 cohort, 253 PHQ-4 questionnaire, 32% had mild 230 without missing data, were: advanced age compared <25 olds (aOR=5.5 [95% CI=1.5-30.4] 25-30 years, aOR=6.9 [1.8-37.5] 31-40 aOR=16.5 [3.5-104.0] >40 years); perceiving their financial situation as very difficult versus fair (aOR=4.1 [1.4-14.0]); being HIV positive (aOR=5.3 [1.8-17.2]); engaging irregular almost daily (aOR=2.9 [1.2-7.4]); reporting violence from regular partner (aOR=4.7 [1.7-14.5]) or friends/family (aOR=2.8 [1.1-7.0]); poor emotional support medium good (aOR=3.9 [1.2-14.4]); low self-esteem average higher (aOR=6.9 [1.9-25.6]).Conversely, client under influence alcohol/beer were less likely experience those did not (aOR=0.4 [0.1-0.9]). Conclusions. FSWs isolated, facing insecurity, living HIV, and/or experienced most vulnerable developing These results underline need integrate issues into programs for FSW. Trial registration: registered Clinicaltrial.gov website (NCT03985085) 13 June, 2019.

Language: Английский

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