Exploring the Neurobiological Roots of Emotional Behavior in Tryptophan Metabolism: Insights from Novel Kynurenine Aminotransferase Knockout Mice

Published: Sept. 30, 2023

Memory and emotion, fundamental components of our mental existence, are highly vulnerable to psychiatric disorders like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This condition has been linked serotonin (5-HT) metabolism disruptions. Over 95% the 5-HT precursor tryptophan (Trp) is metabolized through Trp-kynurenine (KYN) metabolic pathway, but little known about its role in behavior. Kynurenine aminotransferases responsible for production Trp-KYN metabolite kynurenic acid. The gene aadat codes mitochondrial kynurenine aminotransferase isotype 2. We generated CRISPR/Cas9-induced knockout (kat2−/−) mice examine consequence deletion on negative valence memory, motor function males 8 weeks age compared them their wild-type counterparts. forced swim test showed increased depression-like behaviors transgenic mice. Anxiety memory tests no significant differences. had fewer center field corner entries, shorter ambulation distances, jumping counts open test. Overall, exhibit behavior a learned helplessness model, emotional indifference, deficits. Here we present first evidence that triggers behaviors, uniquely associated with despair experience rather than adverse-conditioned memory. These findings have profound implications, opening avenues further exploration into main causes experience-based depression despair. investigation potential advance understanding these complex conditions pave way improved therapeutic strategies by elucidating relationship between Trp pathogenesis PTSD.

Language: Английский

Treatment-Resistant Depression in America Latina study: one-year follow-up of treatment resistant depression patients under standard of care reveals insights on quality of life, disability, work impairment, and depressive symptoms

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Oct. 27, 2023

Depressive Disorders are on the rise worldwide. This is also case in Latin America (LatAm). Treatment-Resistant Disorder (TRD) poses additional burden to patients with depression. Impacts quality of life (QoL) and other dimensions, standard care (SOC) insufficient achieve desired clinical outcomes. Evidence from LatAm is, however, lacking. The present study was devised as a 1-year follow-up SOC TRD explore TRD.

Language: Английский

Más allá de lo habitual: Nuevos enfoques en la terapia de la esquizofrenia resistente

Archives of Evidence-Based Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1(2), P. 37 - 55

Published: Dec. 30, 2023

La esquizofrenia es un trastorno psiquiátrico crónico con etiología multifactorial. Es una de las 10 causas más frecuentes discapacidad en adultos y el psicótico primario común. Se caracteriza por la alteración 5 dominios mentales que hacen al individuo intercambiar información su medio erróneamente, se expresa como combinación síntomas positivos, cognitivos, negativos, agresivos afectivos. El incluye alteraciones regulación neurotransmisores (dopamina, serotonina, GABA) estructurales (lóbulos frontales, hipocampo, etc.). progresivo causa deterioro significativo diversas áreas, lo genera mayor disfunción psicosocial, riesgo sufrir consumo alcohol, depresión, violencia suicidio. tratamiento multidisciplinario, cual consta desde medidas farmacológicas no farmacológicas, incluyendo terapias novedosas musicoterapia, yogaterapia, agonistas del receptor serotonina 5-HT2C, oxitocina, entre otras. objetivo este artículo revisión presentar panorama general sobre estado actual los lineamientos diagnósticos terapéuticos existentes para esquizofrenia, así medicamentos innovadores farmacológicas.