Association between physical activity and depression in adult prescription opioid users: A cross-sectional analysis based on NHANES 2007–2018

General Hospital Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 89, P. 1 - 7

Published: April 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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List of Abbreviations and Acronyms

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Language: Английский

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Dimensions and Implications of Cultural Identity

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 60 - 87

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Abstract Cultural identity is intersectional: It includes not only race and nationality but also socioeconomic class, occupation, religion, gender, age/generation, life stage. Culture usefully characterized dimensionally. Hofstede identified dimensions of individualism/collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, gender role differentiation, short-term/long-term orientation, indulgence/restraint. Trust in individuals institutions, as well social capital—structural, relational, instrumental, cognitive—moderate the emotional effects stress adversity. clinicians enables effective treatment. The expression depression mediated by cultural communication styles, with their high-context/low-context, direct/indirect, self-enhancing/self-effacing, elaborate/understated. Word choices metaphors—which vary culture—help identify depression, indicate its severity, reveal suicide risk. Details critical for accurate diagnosis treatment can be “lost translation.”

Language: Английский

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Seeing Depression Through A Cultural Lens

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Seeing Depression through a Cultural Lens, the collaborative work of clinical neuroscientist and scholar comparative culture, examines effects cultural identity on epidemiology, phenomenology, narratives depression, bipolar spectrum, suicide. Culture is associated with emotional communication style, “idioms distress,” conception depression disorders, how people mood disorders might be stigmatized. It linked to structural factors—environmental, social, economic circumstances—that create or mitigate risk sometimes precipitate episodes illness, facilitate impede treatment. shapes depressed people’s willingness disclose acknowledge their condition seek care, relationships clinicians, acceptance rejection specific treatments. context essential understanding underlies motives for suicide, facilitating inhibiting factors, social acceptability death by availability lethal means self-harm. always intersectional—comprising elements related race ethnicity; gender; age, generation, life stage; education; class; occupation; migrant minority status; region residence; religious belief practice. Lens explores implications each these dimensions using salient concepts form sciences; memorable from literature, film, clinic; quantitative findings epidemiology psychometrics. offers readers framework culturally aware assessment management bipolarity, suicidal in individuals populations.

Language: Английский

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Preface

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. xv - xxii

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

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Faces of Clinical Depression

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 23 - 47

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Abstract Current diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) do not capture the diversity of phenotypes clinically significant depression. Culture can entail suppression, normalization, or concealment symptoms. Clinically depressed people who are “subsyndromal” by MDD often fall in a “middle zone” between normal negative emotion and frank mental illness. Alternative clinical depression proposed that better accommodate cultural differences as well variations personality pathophysiology. Such validate illness whose subsyndromal entails functional impairment, persistent distress, suicide risk. Appreciation middle zone clinicians public could reduce stigma facilitate its timely treatment. Questionnaire-based screening tests like nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire, Center Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Beck Inventory function if cut points modified according to culture their translations from English other languages consider connotations explicit meanings items.

Language: Английский

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Unnatural Deaths

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 99 - 112

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Abstract Suicide and other “unnatural deaths” are the most dramatic expression of mortality depression, more deaths from depression bipolar spectrum disorders can be attributed to self-neglect careless risk-taking. A framework for relating culture suicide combines Joiner’s interpersonal theory with neuropsychiatric existential considerations availability highly lethal means: an interpersonal-neuropsychiatric model. Collectivist accentuates thwarted belongingness in those ostracized or bullied. shame and/or “face” contribute perceived burdensomeness. Cultural normalization, rationalization, romanticization increases acquired capacity suicide. Activation inhibition, pain pleasure relate its structural correlates. Mediators include formal education informal acculturation, normalized trauma, lifestyle-related occupation-related illness injury, culturally sanctioned substance use. Religious spiritual perspectives national, regional, ethnic cultures associated hope reasons live.

Language: Английский

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Ancient Wisdom Meets Modern Science: Depression in Traditional Medicine

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 161 - 198

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Abstract The phenomenology and treatment of depression the bipolar spectrum are described in three systems traditional medicine, two which currently practiced: classical Greco-Roman Chinese medicine (TCM), Arabic Islamic medicine. These other (e.g., Ayurvedic medicine) contribute content to modern complementary, alternative, integrative (CAIM). conceive as a mind–body illness, comprehensive, holistic, non-stigmatized, dimensional (rather than categorical) way. Depression phenotypes distinguished by TCM have been correlated with distinct biomarkers. Traditional holistic treatments include changes diet, activity, environment well herbal medicaments physical like acupuncture massage. CAIM includes evidence-based alternatives complements mainstream that many patients find acceptable. They can help depressed reach maintain remissions.

Language: Английский

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South Korea: Han and Passionate Intensity

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 342 - 379

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Abstract Korea has the highest suicide rate of all high-income countries: 28.91 per 100,000 population in 2019—with disproportionally high rates women and older adults. Cultural features contributing to suicide, often-undiagnosed depression, include normalization traumatic experiences, including family intimate partner violence; transgenerational effects historical trauma; widespread binge drinking; intense academic, occupational, romantic competition that produces many “losers”; preoccupation with “face” external appearance; gender inequality. two “national emotions”—han jeong. Han is a form righteous anger grim resolve yearning for vengeance. Jeong attachment entails both protective social capital risk unhealthy dependency. Hwa-byung, distinctive expression depression most common midlife, reflects an excess han. The interpersonal dimension deserves special attention Koreans.

Language: Английский

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Picturing Depression: Faces, Backgrounds, and Foregrounds

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 3 - 22

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Abstract Depression takes diverse forms, each with distinctive epidemiology, phenomenology, and optimal treatments. In case of depression, culture is background; unique individual circumstances are foreground. Exemplary cases described. historical contemporary Japan, older people often devalued socially excluded; this can lead to “lonely deaths” from self-neglect or unnatural deaths including suicides. China’s long-standing tradition authoritarian parenting burdensome filial obligation underlies depression in younger adults. American regions have depression-relevant cultural differences as large those between nations. Utah, high gender inequality associated a prevalence young women. Connecticut income wealth entail problematic substance use among lower socioeconomic class. Cultural awareness, knowledge different communication styles, empower clinicians make more accurate diagnoses build therapeutic relationships.

Language: Английский

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