Electrochemical biosensors for early diagnosis of glioblastoma

Clinica Chimica Acta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 557, P. 117878 - 117878

Published: March 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Oral Cancer Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 1809 - 1809

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

Oral cancer (OC) presents a significant global health burden with rising incidence rates. Despite advancements in diagnosis and treatments, the survival rate for OC patients, particularly those advanced or recurrent disease, remains low at approximately 20%. This poor prognosis is often due to small population of stem cells (CSCs) that are capable self-renewal immune evasion, playing pivotal roles proliferation, tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, therapy resistance. Exosomes, which nano-sized extracellular vesicles (EVs), have emerged as crucial mediators cell-to-cell communication within microenvironment (TME). These carry diverse molecules such DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, metabolites, influencing various cellular processes. Emerging evidence suggests CSC-derived EVs significantly promote progression metastasis maintain balance between CSCs non-CSCs, vital intracellular TME oral cancer. Recent reports indicate cell-derived (OCSC-EVs) influence stemness, angiogenesis, reoccurrence, drug Understanding OCSC-EVs could improve diagnosis, prognosis, therapy. In this mini-review, we explore OCSC-derived exosomes cancer, examining their potential diagnostic prognostic biomarkers reflect CSC characteristics, delve into therapeutic implications, emphasizing However, despite promising potential, several challenges remain, including need standardize isolation characterization methods elucidate exosome-mediated mechanisms. Thus, comprehensive understanding pave way innovative strategies clinical outcomes patients.

Language: Английский

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Role of extracellular vesicles in cancer: implications in immunotherapeutic resistance

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 22, 2025

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid membrane-bound involved in cell-cell communication, particularly the context of cancer. Immunotherapy, a rapidly evolving field oncology, is type cancer treatment relying on body’s own immune system to fight mutated cells. Recently, significance immunotherapeutic resistance has been increasingly acknowledged owing heightened prevalence and its commonly advanced stage upon diagnosis. However, complexity heterogeneity tumor cells pose challenges immunotherapy, role EVs remains unclear. Recent studies focused as heterogeneous groups nanoparticles intercellular within microenvironment (TME). EVs, which include exosomes, shed microvesicles, while apoptotic bodies carry diverse range molecular cargo, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, other bioactive molecules. The versatility make them fascinating area study, with promising implications for future immunology medicine. This brief review highlights involvement (e.g., PD-L1 transfer, miRNA-mediated pathways) focus their biogenesis, secretion, functional roles cancer, underscoring potential diagnostic therapeutic tools.

Language: Английский

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<strong></strong>Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Oral Cancer Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes

Published: July 19, 2024

Oral cancer (OC) presents a significant global health burden with rising incidence rates. Despite advancements in diagnosis and treatments, the survival rate for OC patients, particularly those advanced or recurrent disease, remains low at approximately 20%. This poor prognosis is often due to small population of stem cells (CSCs) that are capable self-renewal immune evasion, thus playing pivotal roles proliferation, tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, therapy resistance. Exosomes, nano-sized extracellular vesicles (EVs), have emerged as crucial mediators cell-to-cell communication within microenvironment (TME). These carry diverse molecules such DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, metabolites, influencing various cellular processes. Emerging evidence suggests CSC-derived EVs promoting progression metastasis maintaining balance between CSCs non-CSCs, which vital intracellular TME oral cancer. Recent reports indicate cell-derived (OCSC-EVs) influence stemness, angiogenesis, reoccurrence, drug Understanding OCSC-EVs could significantly improve diagnosis, prognosis, therapy. In this mini-review, we explore OCSC-derived exosomes cancer, examining their potential diagnostic prognostic biomarkers reflect CSC characteristics, delve into therapeutic implications, emphasizing However, despite promising potential, several challenges remain, including need standardize isolation characterization methods elucidate exosome-mediated mechanisms. Thus, comprehensive understanding pave way innovative strategies clinical outcomes patients.

Language: Английский

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Proteomics Studies on Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Glioblastoma: Where Do We Stand?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(18), P. 9778 - 9778

Published: Sept. 10, 2024

Like most tumors, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the deadliest brain tumor in human adulthood, releases extracellular vesicles (EVs). Their content, reflecting that of origin, can be donated to nearby and distant cells which, by acquiring it, become more aggressive. Therefore, study EV-transported molecules has very important. Particular attention been paid EV proteins uncover new GBM biomarkers potential druggable targets. Proteomic studies have mainly performed “bottom-up” mass spectrometry (MS) analysis EVs isolated different procedures from conditioned media cultured biological fluids patients. Although a great number dysregulated identified, translation these findings into clinics remains elusive, probably due multiple factors, including lack standardized for isolation/characterization their proteome. Thus, it is time change research strategies adopting, addition harmonized selection techniques, MS methods aimed at identifying selected tumoral protein mutations and/or isoforms post-translational modifications, which deeply influence behavior. Hopefully, data integrated with those other “omics” disciplines will lead discovery pathways novel therapies.

Language: Английский

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