Profiling the diversity of the village chicken faecal microbiota using 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing data to reveal patterns of gut microbiome signatures

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Introduction The production environment of extensively raised village chickens necessitates their adaptability to low-resource systems. gut microbiome plays a critical role in supporting this by influencing health and productivity. This study aimed investigate the diversity functional capacities faecal from Limpopo KwaZulu-Natal provinces South Africa. Methods Using combination 16S rRNA gene sequencing shotgun metagenomic technologies, we analysed 98 72 datasets. Taxonomic profiles annotations were derived, focusing on microbial diversity, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), potential zoonotic pathogens. Results analysis showed that predominant phyla both Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria. At genus level, Escherichia Shigella prevalent, with coli dysenteriae identified as major contributors microbiome. ARGs identified, MarA , PmrF AcrE detected KwaZulu-Natal, cpxA mdtG, TolA Limpopo. These primarily mediate efflux alteration. Discussion detection bacteria such S treptococcus spp. highlights risks humans through food chain, emphasizing importance improved household hygiene practices. underscores chicken adaptability, linking efficiency settings. Targeted interventions further research are crucial for mitigating enhancing sustainability farming.

Language: Английский

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Optimization of Straw Particle Size for Enhanced Biogas Production: A Comparative Study of Wheat and Rapeseed Straw

Energies, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(7), P. 1794 - 1794

Published: April 2, 2025

Biogas production from lignocellulosic biomass, such as wheat and rapeseed straw, is an essential strategy for sustainable energy generation. However, the efficiency of anaerobic digestion depends on physical characteristics substrate, particularly particle size, which influences microbial accessibility biogas yield. This study aims to optimize straw size enhanced methane by evaluating different fractionation levels. The was processed using a hammer mill separated into three fractions (2.4 mm, 1 mm) alongside non-separated finely ground (2 samples. chemical composition analyzed X-ray fluorescence (XRF), key parameters pH, dry matter (DM), organic (ODM) were assessed. results indicated that had lower pH (6.05) DM than (7.01). yield analysis demonstrated varied with size. For samples achieved highest (132.87 m3 Mg⁻1), whereas decreased increased fragmentation, observed material (206.65 Mg⁻1). carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio in (153.82), potentially limiting activity, while finer more balanced ratios. These findings highlight importance mechanical pretreatment optimizing provide insights improving straw-based systems.

Language: Английский

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An Investigation on a Comprehensive Calibration Technique to Determine the Discrete Elemental Characteristics of Unrotted Sheep Dung at Varying Water Concentrations

Agriculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 1762 - 1762

Published: Oct. 6, 2024

An experimental study was undertaken to investigate the problem of substantial variability in water content unrotted sheep dung, which leads a lack universality and practicality calibrating its discrete element simulation parameters. The stacking angle used as response value these experiments. objective this establish precise parameters for composting process. A model content-stacking established using cylinder-lifting technique, resulting correlation 0.997. Utilizing Hertz–Mindlin with JKR bonding model, three EDEM particle models were developed, each distinct sizes, based on size distribution dung. surface energy determined Plackett–Burman test, steepest-climbing Box–Behnken test set 10 subsequent conducted energy, rolling friction factor, static factor utilizing test. parameter angle–discrete elements developed that achieved p-value below 0.0001 relative inaccuracy 3.46% or less. regression content–discrete derived by combining content–stacking model. Validation both pumping plate technique hopper approach, error 4.89% findings demonstrate specific characteristics manure may be accurately anticipated considering content. This approach offers valid universally applicable way predicting dung equipment.

Language: Английский

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Investigation of the Composting Process of Mongolian Horse Manure Utilizing Intelligent Composting Equipment

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 2083 - 2083

Published: Sept. 12, 2024

The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, known for its famous Mongolian horses, faces significant environmental challenges due to the large-scale rearing of these animals, which produces a substantial amount manure. If not managed effectively, this manure can lead severe pollution. aim study was investigate whether small-scale intelligent aeration and heating composting system is effective in treating horse manure, with objective enhancing efficiency resource utilization support sustainable agricultural development region. equipment utilized treat compost mixture corn stover, allowing an analysis changes key indicators throughout process. results demonstrated that maintained high temperatures up eight days during process, effectively inactivating pathogens promoting efficient decomposition organic matter. also successfully controlled humidity 12.7% oxygen concentration within optimal range. Post-composting revealed final contained 2.3% nitrogen, 1.3% phosphorus, 1.2% potassium, pH 6.4 conductivity approximately 5.2 mS/cm. Additionally, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio decreased significantly from 27.3 15.9, indicating matter degradation. Seed germination tests showed rates 80%, 86%, 75% corn, mung bean, wheat, respectively, seed index 104%. This concluded small highly producing high-quality fertilizers enhance soil fertility demonstrate considerable potential supporting practices improving management Region.

Language: Английский

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Design and Testing of a Small-Scale Composting Facility for Sheep Manure Utilizing Aeration and Thermal Treatment

Agriculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(11), P. 2070 - 2070

Published: Nov. 18, 2024

Inner Mongolia has the largest sheep population among China’s provinces, resulting in production of a substantial amount manure. If left untreated, this manure can contribute to environmental pollution. However, serves dual purpose: it be both pollutant and valuable source organic fertilizer. Consequently, there is an urgent need address issues arising from accumulation its unused status. In paper, viable solution proposed: conversion into fertilizer through composting unit incorporating high-temperature aerobic fermentation technology. This unit, tailored for small farms individual farmers, integrates critical functions such as ventilation, heating, turning. Additionally, boasts excellent thermal insulation, enhancing efficiency enabling precise control over conditions. design mitigates heat loss accelerates maturation, addressing common challenges traditional composting. The process encompassed equipment construction systems, with primary focus on compost aeration heating. components were carefully designed or selected based theoretical analysis subsequently validated using simulation software, including EDEM Fluent. system seamlessly touch screen interface, PLC programming, circuits manage air pumps electric heaters response changes temperature oxygen concentration. Furthermore, controls motors during recovery phase. A comprehensive performance evaluation was conducted, revealing notable improvements. Under artificially heated conditions, maximum increased by approximately 20 °C, cycle reduced roughly 4 days, seed germination index (GI) rose about 9% when compared natural fermentation. Thus, device significantly improves quality increasing decomposition rate.

Language: Английский

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