Bioassays of Beauveria bassiana Isolates against the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(7), P. 717 - 717

Published: July 8, 2022

The control of Spodoptera frugiperda, the key invasive pest maize, is a serious concern due to its biology and current global restriction on applying synthetic pesticides. Entomopathogenic fungi are considered be potential biological strategy. pathogenicity 12 isolates Beauveria bassiana in immature stages feeding efficacy S. frugiperda were evaluated. B. QB-3.45, QB-3.46 QB-3.428 caused highest egg mortality rates 87.3, 82.7 79.3%, respectively, when applied at concentration 1 × 108 conidia/mL measured 7 days post-treatment. Neonate 45.6 53.6% observed with same isolates. significant cumulative ranging from 71.3 93.3% 14 post-treatment reduced larval 69.4 77.8% 48 h This study supports using effective as agent against frugiperda. eggs neonatal larvae reduction second instar that treated application entomopathogenic biocontrol for population.

Language: Английский

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Virulence of entomopathogenic fungi against fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 8, 2023

Maize is an essential crop of China. The recent invasion Spodoptera frugiperda, also known as fall armyworm (FAW), poses a danger to the country's ability maintain sustainable level productivity from this core crop. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) Metarhizium anisopliae MA, Penicillium citrinum CTD-28 and CTD-2, Cladosporium sp. BM-8, Aspergillus SE-25 SE-5, CA-7, Syncephalastrum racemosum SR-23 were tested determine their effectiveness in causing mortality second instars, eggs, neonate larvae. P. CTD-28, BM-8 caused highest levels egg mortality, with 86.0, 75.3, 70.0%, respectively, followed by CTD-2 (60.0%). Additionally, M. MA neonatal 57.1%, (40.7%). In addition, decreased feeding efficacy instar larvae FAW 77.8, 75.0, 68.1%, (59.7%). It possible that EPF will play important role microbial agents against after further research conducted on these field.

Language: Английский

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Biotic Potential Induced by Different Host Plants in the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Insects, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 921 - 921

Published: Oct. 12, 2022

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphagous insect pest of many important crops. To evaluate the influence host plants on biology and survival Pakistani population S. frugiperda, we examined life table parameters raised maize, sorghum, wheat, rice. The development rate was significantly higher maize crop than other three plants. Different larval diets affected time fecundity. attained fastest (16 days) slowest (32.74 Adult females from maize-fed larvae laid 1088 eggs/female, those sorghum-fed 591.6 wheat-fed 435.6 rice-fed 49.6 eggs/female. Age stage-specific also indicated fecundity, expectancy, hosts. Larval had significant varying effect finite intrinsic increase rates, reflecting that most suitable diet. findings present study are useful for predicting dynamics especially in areas cultivating Poaceae crops, except to develop sustainable integrated management strategies this pest.

Language: Английский

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How to Identify Roast Defects in Coffee Beans Based on the Volatile Compound Profile

Molecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(23), P. 8530 - 8530

Published: Dec. 3, 2022

The aim of this study was to detect and identify the volatile compounds in coffee that obtained defect roast processes versus standard roasting determine type strength correlations between defects compound profile roasted beans. In order achieve goal, process bean set produce an underdeveloped defect, overdeveloped defectless coffee. "Typica" variety Arabica beans used study. material originated from a plantation is located at altitude 1400-2000 m a.s.l. Huehuetenango Department, Guatemala. analyses were carried out with use gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) electronic nose. This revealed correlation identified groups following parameters: time first crack, drying time, mean temperatures heating air. nose helped defects.

Language: Английский

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Biorationals and Synthetic Insecticides for Controlling Fall Armyworm and Their Influence on the Abundance and Diversity of Parasitoids

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 3118 - 3118

Published: April 9, 2024

Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm, FAW) is a significant economic pest of maize in Uganda. Many Ugandan farmers employ synthetic insecticides as their main form control despite the negative impacts these chemicals. We tested effectiveness Beauveria bassiana; General Biopesticide Cocktail (mixture B. bassiana, M. anisopliae, Isaria fumosoroseus, Lecanicillium lecani and Purporeocillium lilacanus three strains Metarhizium Nimbecidine® (azadirachtin 0.03%EC), Roket® (cypermethrin 4% profenofos 40%); Amdocs® (emamectin benzoate 2% abamectin 1%) on fall armyworm parasitoids, respectively, 2020 2021. The treatments with greatest decrease leaf damage infestation were Roket®, followed by Nimbecidine®. biopesticides not always more effective than untreated control, though; efficacy was often lower that botanical pesticides. recovered one egg parasitoid, Telenomus remus, seven egg-larval parasitoids (Coccygidium luteum, Coccygidium sp., Cotesia icipe, Chelonus Micranisa Charops cf. diversipes, an unidentified Tachinidae). Among these, C. cf icipe Tachinidae most abundant. Parasitism low, averaging 10% for masses 5.3% larvae. Application pesticides resulted higher yield when compared control. In general, low population observed. Although parasitoid reduced plots treated percentage parasitism FAW affected. some instances, yields realized plots. Pest management practices compatible biological need to be considered armyworm.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of Different Insecticides and Botanicals Against Greenish Silk-Moth, Trilocha varians (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) under Laboratory and Greenhouse Conditions

Entomological News, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 132(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Ficus benjamina, often known as weeping fig, is planted in tropical and subtropical areas the Greenish silk moth, Trilocha varians has been its major pest since 2019. This newly emerged (larvae) of horticultural crops causing 100% defoliation even death plants. A severe attack this seen on F. bejamina. The current invading other ornamental plants, especially jackfruit. There was a need to minimize population, but still, no management strategies have adopted control world. In study, toxicity three insecticides (belt, runner radiant), four plant extracts (Azadirachta indica, Nicotiana tabacum, Moringa oleifera Eucalyptus globulus) were evaluated against 2nd instar T. varians. Belt found be more toxic insecticide followed by radiant. LC50 belt 25.200, 20.708, 6.374, 2.893, 2.907 2.216 ppm after 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 72 hours, respectively, while LC90 392.833, 58.822, 148.741, 126.018, 105.504 33.039 hours application, respectively under laboratory conditions. mean larval mortality differed significantly between treatments during 1st (f = 2.26; df 3; p 0.002) spray 3.18; 0.001) greenhouse most effective with an LT50 value 9.749 h (1.865-17.953) 11.926 (5.364–23.813) radiant 12.857 (6.516-28.339). Azadirachta indica caused 17.85, 26.79, 37.76, 46.11, 55.77, 71.42 88.99% mortalities at 60, 96 post-treatment, respectively. Probit analysis showed A. N. M. E. globulus botanicals values 119.761 (99.443–148.015), 128.175 (102.091–148.531), 151.681 (144.347–189.368) 157.182 (149.331–201.152), leaf damage larvae both botanical all rounds spraying. findings could assist farmers mitigating aid policymakers developing Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies. Our results are particularly valuable for screening insecticides, contributing overall pest.

Language: Английский

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Insecticidal activity of Acmella paniculata leaf and flower extracts against the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Cogent Food & Agriculture, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: March 19, 2025

Language: Английский

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Essential Oil Composition of Aerial Part of Pluchea ovalis (Pers.) DC., Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis, and Larvicidal Activities against Fall Armyworm

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(23), P. 15785 - 15785

Published: Nov. 27, 2022

In this study, essential oil of the aerial part Pluchea ovalis (POEO) was isolated and employed for synthesis AgNPs (POEO-AgNPs). Then, larvicidal activities POEO PEO-AgNPs were evaluated against larvae fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiderda (J. E. Smith); (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The potential medicinal values P. lack scientific reports on applications oils nanoparticles plant species from ecology Ethiopia motivated authors to carry out research activity. hydrodistillation technique used isolation POEO. Characterization samples done using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), diffraction (XRD), zeta nanoanalyzer instruments. GC/MS analysis showed that sesquiterpenes (91.27%) are dominant chemical constituents characteristic UV–Vis spectra absorption POEO-AgNPs is observed at 428 nm. SEM imaging reveals have a dominantly spherical shape. A strong peak EDX 3.0 keV shows existence Ag element in POEO-AgNPs. XRD determines peaks 2θ 38.2°, 44.1°, 64.6°, 77.8° which indexed (111), (200), (220), (311), respectively. average particle size surface 132 nm −64.7 mV, stored room temperature 4 °C good stability about 6 months without aggregation or dissolution. activity tested 500, 250, 125 µg/mL solution 100% (full strength = 0.083 g/mL), 50%, 25% 2nd instar S. 3 consecutive days. LC50 LC90 determined as 154.88 11,749.00 69.18 1318.26% solutions, This finding will benefit sustainable eco-friendly crop pest management method.

Language: Английский

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Lethal, Sub-Lethal and Trans-Generational Effects of Chlorantraniliprole on Biological Parameters, Demographic Traits, and Fitness Costs of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Insects, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 881 - 881

Published: Sept. 28, 2022

Fall armyworm [Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797)] was first reported in the Americas, then spread to all continents of world. Chemical insecticides are frequently employed managing fall armyworms. These have various modes actions and target sites kill insects. Chlorantraniliprole is a selective insecticide with novel mode action used against Lepidopteran, Coleopteran, Isopteran, Dipteran pests. This study determined chlorantraniliprole’s lethal, sub-lethal, trans-generational effects on two consecutive generations (F0, F1, F2) armyworm. Bioassays revealed that chlorantraniliprole exhibited higher toxicity armyworms LC50 2.781 mg/L after 48 h exposure. Significant differences were noted biological parameters generations. Sub-lethal concentrations showed prolonged larval adult durations. The related fitness cost F0 F1 non-significant differences. In contrast, F2 generation lower fecundity at lethal (71 eggs/female) sub-lethal (94 doses compared control (127.5–129.3 eggs/female). Age-stage specific survival rate (Sxj), life expectancy (Exj) reproductive (Vxj) significantly differed among insecticide-treated groups control. A comparison treated untreated insects over indicated substantial demographic such as net reproduction (R0), intrinsic increase (r), mean time (T). Several shown be negatively impacted by chlorantraniliprole. We conclude may utilized manage lesser risks.

Language: Английский

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Bioactive compounds from Withania somnifera dun and their toxicity against some piercing sucking pests

Applied Biological Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 67(1)

Published: March 13, 2024

Abstract Piercing sucking pests are destructive to many strategic crops all over the world. Botanical pesticides can be used control these pests. A new withanolide derivative 3 named sominone ((20 R ,22 )-1 α ,3 β ,20,27-tetrahydroxywitha-5,24-dienolide) was isolated from alkaloid fraction of whole plant Withania somnifera . In addition, there three known compounds withasomine 1 , methyl isoferulate 2 and coagulin Q 4 were also isolated. The structures identified using different spectroscopic methods such as 1D, 2D NMR, HRESIMS spectroscopy. four tested for their pesticidal activity against piercing ( Aphis craccivora Koch, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, Nezara viridula Linnaeus, Tetranychus urticae Koch) that attack under laboratory conditions, along with azadirachtin (Okios 3.2% EC) a positive control. results showed compound (withasomine ) most toxic A. B. N. viridula, T. urticae, LC 50 values 15.44, 36.61, 85.11, 128.28 ppm, respectively, compared Withanolide had moderate effects on Biochemical parameters six enzymes; -esterase, chitinase, acetylcholinesterase, glutathione- S -transferase, peroxidase estimated at value potent compound, 38.83, 72.86, 31.45, 506.4, 2.62, 251.0, respectively. demonstrated enzymes levels increased except remarkable inhibition in AChE enzyme level observed Therefore, W. is promising extract contains active natural pesticide harmful agriculture crops. Graphical

Language: Английский

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