Soil and water conservation measures to adapt cropping systems to climate change facilitated water stresses in Africa

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Complex controls and non-linear responses of the climate system to global warming make it difficult have clear-cut predictions future precipitation amounts timelines. It is, however, evident from current observations that some unusually high rates flooding droughts are occurring threatening food security in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The impact change is immense on SSA though contributes least globally. Crops face lots growth challenges which reduce their productivity under drought flood conditions. must prepare agricultural soils for anticipated variabilities, ensure sustainable availability. effort adapt be a concerted one, using technologies various facets science. Stakeholders adopt water-smart strategies maintain proper soil-water balance. They should focus manageable inherent soil properties control susceptibility/adaptability cropping systems change. Conservation agriculture techniques target improving organic matter maintaining life; protecting compaction erosion; reducing disturbance; enhancing infiltration groundwater recharge capacity, applied our soils. A number these equip better sinks excess water flood-prone areas improve water-holding capacities drought-prone ones. Governments, farmers, all stakeholders also invest both simple complex harvesting/ re-directing infrastructure conserve use. Water-efficient irrigation employed by farmers during scarcity. Most importantly, gaps between research, industry, governments bridged easy flow information improved quick adoption mitigation strategies.

Language: Английский

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Improving water infiltration in croplands mitigates the effects of extreme rainfall events

Environmental Earth Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 84(5)

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Design and Experiment of Oblique Stubble-Cutting Side-Throwing Anti-Blocking Device for No-Tillage Seeder

Agriculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 2250 - 2250

Published: Dec. 8, 2024

Aiming at the problem of wheat straw and stubble previous crop blocking opener during operation summer peanut no-tillage seeder under incorporation modes, an oblique stubble-cutting side-throwing anti-blocking device that can simultaneously cut throw was designed. The structure working principle were clarified, key designed through theoretical analysis. According to kinematics analysis rotary blade cutting throwing root–soil composite, factors affecting quality range values determined. quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design test carried out with motion inclination angle, bending advancing velocity as factors, clearance rate, power consumption indexes. discrete element simulation in EDEM. significance results Design-Expert, influence each factor on index interaction between Then regression model optimized by multi-objective function, optimal parameter obtained follows: angle 22°, 58°, advance 7.7 km/h. At this time, rate seedling belt 92.55%, root 95%, 1.80 kW. field shows machine had good passing capacity, 91.04%, 92.98%, single group 1.92 difference less than 6%, which met local agronomic requirements proved quality.

Language: Английский

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Soil Compaction Induced by Different Tillage Systems and its Impact on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea Mays L.)

University of Thi-Qar Journal of agricultural research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 185 - 200

Published: June 1, 2024

Abstract: Maize (Zea Mays L.) cultivation faces challenges from mechanized tillage-induced compaction, impacting soil physical properties crucial for growth. This stemming machinery-soil interactions during tillage, alters bulk density, root penetration resistance, and water infiltration rates. Tractive tires play a central role in this process. The chapter explores the intricate relationship, emphasizing its adverse effects on maize development, nutrient availability, overall grain yield. While studies report significant yield reductions under severe universally agreed-upon critical level remains elusive, necessitating further research into dynamic factors influencing productivity. insight informs strategies optimizing practices amid tillage challenges. Soil concern cultivation, profoundly impacts plant Mechanized compaction properties, affecting penetration, movement. Compacted restricts air hindering respiration uptake. multifaceted constraint leads to poor seed germination, reduced yields, increased vulnerability diseases. Mitigation include low machine loads, precision agriculture, conservation bioturbation, deep tillage. some may benefit retention, excessive levels pose risks. A holistic approach involves assessments, controlled traffic farming, cover crops, mechanical aeration, optimized equipment design, ongoing monitoring. Education adaptive are sustainable management.

Language: Английский

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Effect of soil management on carbon stock and soil aggregation in an area of natural regeneration and surrounding systems in the Atlantic Forest biome

Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19, P. 1 - 22

Published: July 12, 2024

This study aimed to quantify total organic carbon (TOC), of humic substances (HS), and their stocks evaluate the soil structural stability areas with different uses under sandy loam texture. Soil samples were collected from managed a reference area: Permanent Pasture (PP), No-Till (NT), Private Natural Heritage Reserve in process natural regeneration (PNHR) Native Forest (FN). Dry mass analysis, stock quantification, chemical fractionation matter aggregation carried out. The NF area had highest deposition litter (ML). PP NT bulk density (Bd). TOC Stock-C contents higher PNHR, followed by NF, stratification index (STRATI) was also area. NT, proportion fulvic acid fraction (C-FA) than (C-HA), but representation all humin (C-HUM). PP, obtained best aggregate indicators, as well macroaggregates, having low stability. Recovery C observed recent years leading greater storage C, which shows quantitative recovery this after four regeneration. Furthermore, present lower capacity for sequestration, mainly due management conditions. Keywords: stability, climate change, crop production, quality.

Language: Английский

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Effect of soil management on carbon stock and soil aggregation in a natural recovery area and surrounding systems, Brazil

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 13, 2023

This study aimed to quantify total organic carbon (TOC), of humic substances (HS), and their stocks evaluate the soil structural stability areas with different uses under sandy loam textureSoil samples were collected from three a reference area: Permanent Pasture (PP), No-Till (NT), Private Natural Heritage Reserve in process natural regeneration (RPPN) Native Forest (FN). Dry mass analysis, stock quantification, chemical fractionation matter aggregation carried out. The NF area had highest deposition ML. PP NT Bd. TOC Stock-C contents higher PNHR, followed by NF, STRATI was also area, ΔStock-C positive only this area. NT, proportion C-FA than C-HA, but fraction representation all C-HUM. PP, obtained best aggregate indicators, such as WMD, GMD, SI, OLev, well macroaggregates, having low stability. In general, recovery C observed recent years leading greater storage C, which shows quantitative after four regeneration. Furthermore, present lower capacity for sequestration, mainly due management conditions imposed on areas.

Language: Английский

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PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES OF SOIL AND WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY AS A FUNCTION OF COVERING PLANTS AND MECHANICAL CHISELING

Colloquium Agrariae, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 338 - 351

Published: Sept. 22, 2023

Soil compaction is a main physical problem in many growing areas. The use of ground cover crops for soil decompaction has been subject studies. That promising results both used alone and association with mechanical chiseling. objective this study was to evaluate the influence associated or not chiseling, that, on attributes soil, wheat grain yield, an Ultisol from Central Depression RS. experimental design randomized blocks 3 replications each block, 2 x 5 factorial scheme. Where factor A: chiseling - chiseled non-chiseled, P fator: – pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), Crotalaria juncea (Crotalaria juncea), pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum) velvet bean (Mucuna aterrima). adjusted depth 0.30m, rods spaced 0.3m apart. determinations carried out were: macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity, bulk density (BD), penetration resistance (RP), yield. showed improvements second year evaluated, highlighting treatments that higher differences. maximum RP observed at 0.25m 1.64 Mpa. There significant difference between A depths 0.15 0.20 0.25m. Mechanical provided 15% increase yield compared non-chiseling treatment, while did provide any gain.

Language: Английский

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