Pesticides’ Impact on the Nutritious and Bioactive Molecules of Green Leafy Vegetables: Spinach and Lettuce

Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Language: Английский

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The effects of wheat and yam flour diets on the toxicity of three botanical extracts to Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and the underlying biochemical mechanisms

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. e41959 - e41959

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

This study investigates the interactive effects of food type, exposure time, and experimental dosages on biochemical insecticidal responses Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) to toxic three botanicals. The botanicals [Piper guineense (PG), Cinnamomum verum (CV), Syzygium aromaticum (SA)] were applied individually in binary combinations (PG + SA, PG CV, SA CV). Beetles reared for two generations wheat yam flour prior insecticide exposure. specific activities α-amylase, alkaline phosphatase (AKP), acid (ACP), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S-transferase (GST) also determined. Generally, T. each botanical extract their varied with type host used rearing beetles, dosage, time extracts. main factors (i.e. food, dosage) two-way interactions (F∗D, F∗T D∗T) significantly (p < 0.05) influenced mortality response beetles. According LD50, LD95, LT50 values, all extracts generally more beetles fed than those flour. given showed mixture CV Except which had a synergistic effect yam-reared castaneum, mixtures antagonistic beetles' rate. Irrespective higher AKP, ACP was recorded exposed alone EA combination relative control. demonstrates valuable insights needed possible development targeted sustainable strategies managing infesting

Language: Английский

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Salicylic acid mitigates the physiological and biochemistry toxicity of fungicide difenoconazole and reduces its accumulation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 220, P. 109504 - 109504

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Language: Английский

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Physiological and metabolome characterization of Amaranthus hybridus L. grown under cypermethrin stress: an insight of Jasmonic acid treatment

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

The indiscriminate use of pesticides compromises physiology and metabolism in crops, posing health risks through residue accumulation edible tissues. Amaranthus hybridus L., a fast growing, nutritionally medicinally valuable crop was studied here to assess the impact cypermethrin (CYP) at recommended (R1, 100 ppm) double dose (R2, 200 alongside foliar application jasmonic acid (JA) 50 µM, µM concentrations. CYP R1 induced hormesis, while R2 toxic, elevating production ROS molecules (H2O2, SOR, MDA). JA upregulated antioxidant activity SOD, POD, APX, GST, DHAR, GSH, proline alleviate oxidative stress improve growth indicators, including shoot length, leaf area, chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm ratio, biomass. yielded highest increase biomass, 11.52% 13.7% for treated plants, respectively also led reduced residues. UHPLC-MS analysis tissue revealed contents carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, phenylpropanoids, steroids content plant group combinedly with compared those alone, indicating protective growth-promoting role under pesticide conditions. Overall, concentration proved be effective against by either study. These insights could offer strategies reduce pesticide-induced damage vegetable advancing sustainable agriculture.

Language: Английский

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Characterization of a Topramezone-Resistant Rice Mutant TZR1: Insights into GST-Mediated Detoxification and Antioxidant Responses

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 425 - 425

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Mutagenesis breeding, combined with the application of corresponding herbicides to develop herbicide-resistant rice germplasm, provides great promise for management weeds and weedy rice. In this study, a topramezone-resistant mutant, TZR1, was developed from indica line Chuangyu 9H (CY9H) through radiation mutagenesis topramezone selection. Dose–response curves revealed that resistance index TZR1 1.94-fold compared CY9H. The mechanism not due target-site resistance. This could be reversed by specific inhibitor glutathione S-transferase (GST). activity antioxidant enzymes analyzed. SNPs Indels were detected using whole-genome resequencing; differentially expressed genes identified RNA sequencing. Then, they underwent Gene Ontology Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes enrichment analyses. Key candidate associated validated via real-time quantitative PCR assay. Five GST genes, two UDP-glycosyltransferase three ATP-binding cassette transporter as potential contributors detoxification in TZR1. Overall, these findings suggest possibly play an important role topramezone. study will provide valuable information scientific 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase inhibitors paddy fields future.

Language: Английский

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Discovery, Isolation, and Characterization of 23-Spirocholestane Derivatives as Novel Plant Root Growth Inhibitors from Ypsilandra thibetica

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

In the present study, we first discovered that 70% ethanol extract of Ypsilandra thibetica significantly inhibited Arabidopsis root growth. Through a bioactivity-guided strategy, 18 rare 23-spirocholestane derivatives (1-18), including 12 new ones (1-12), featuring dioxane ring between C-24/C-23 aglycone moiety and C-1'/C-2' d-fucose ligand, were obtained from strongest active elution fraction. Their structures elucidated via comprehensive method MS NMR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, chemical methods. Evaluation their inhibitory effects all isolates on growth revealed 5/6, 3/4, 1, 2 exhibited pronounced activity, with EC50 values 6.89, 9.13, 18.01, 26.83 μM, respectively. Then, preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis these compounds was conducted. Furthermore, transcriptome data indicated responded to stress caused by bioactive through modulation ethylene auxin signaling pathways activation various detoxification-related genes. Finally, herbicidal evaluation showed 3/4 5/6 Echinochloa crusgalli, while remarkably suppressed Lolium multiflorum. These findings highlight represent promising candidates for development bioherbicides.

Language: Английский

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Biocontrol Potential of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Fibers Functionalized with Chitooligosaccharide/Bacillus subtilis Using Electrospinning and Electrospraying

Polymers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 692 - 692

Published: March 5, 2025

Sustainable agriculture increasingly relies on biocontrol agents as eco-friendly solutions to combat plant diseases while improving soil health. In this context, species of the genus Bacillus, particularly Bacillus subtilis, have shown promise effective for diseases. This study demonstrates successful fabrication biohybrid materials by decorating electrospun poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers with electrosprayed chitooligosaccharide (COS) and subtilis using simultaneous electrospinning electrospraying. During electrospraying, COS formed a uniform film over PHB fibers, serving both an adhesive protective coating that maintained viability functionality embedded bacteria. SEM confirmed bacterial spores were uniformly spread across COS-coated biopolymer fibers. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy verified deposition mechanical assay demonstrated enhancement in characteristics after formation compared uncoated PHB. addition, improved wetting properties fibrous material, creating favorable environment growth development. Microbiological tests showed B. remained viable proliferated normally 48 h under suitable conditions at 28 °C agar medium. Furthermore, COS/B. subtilis-on-PHB also effectively inhibited pathogenic fungi, including Alternaria Fusarium. These findings highlight potential dual electrospinning/electrospraying techniques formulations. The integration coatings provides promising approach sustainable combining enhanced material antifungal activity.

Language: Английский

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Gibberellic Acid and Salicylic Acid Improved Atrazine and Pyrethroid Pesticide Phytoremediation Efficiency by Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mahasarakham in Soil

Soil and Sediment Contamination An International Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 14

Published: March 10, 2025

Language: Английский

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Chitosan-oligosaccharide alleviates chlorpyrifos-induced biochemical and developmental toxicity and reduces its accumulation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 295, P. 118146 - 118146

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Carbon Dots-Mediated Plant Adaptive Responses to Abiotic Stress

Materials Research Bulletin, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 182, P. 113137 - 113137

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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