Humic Substances: Bridging Ecology and Agriculture for a Greener Future

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 410 - 410

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Humic substances (HSs) are emerging as multifunctional natural catalysts in sustainable agriculture, offering novel opportunities to enhance soil health, plant productivity, and environmental resilience. This review synthesizes recent insights into the chemical diversity, biological mechanisms, ecological impacts of HSs, presenting a new perspective on their role dynamic agents agroecosystems. Derived from decomposed organic matter, HSs regulate critical processes such nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, pollutant detoxification. Unlike microbial biomass, which undergo rapid mineralization due active dynamism, exhibit significant resistance biodegradation, leading prolonged residence time that spans years or even centuries. stability allows maintain functional roles over extended periods, contributing long-term health ecosystem sustainability. Their integration agricultural systems has demonstrated profound effects, including improved structure, increased water retention, stimulation activity, collectively bolster stress tolerance yield. Notably, it been proposed hormone-like properties, influencing signaling pathways root architecture acquisition. Moreover, contribute remediation by regulating leaching heavy metals, mitigating runoff, fostering climate highlights synergistic potential combining with amendments like compost biochar, positioning cornerstone regenerative farming practices. Addressing challenges variability composition application methods, discussion underscores urgency developing standardized approaches harness full potential. By framing versatile adaptive tools, this paves way for advancing while addressing global food security change.

Language: Английский

The Formation, Stabilization Mechanism, and Environmental Impacts of Persistent Free Radicals in Soil Humic Substances

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 602 - 602

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Persistent free radicals (PFRs) in humic substances (HSs) are relatively stable with a longer lifespan compared to transient radicals. These PFRs abundant the ecological environment, such as soil and water. The formation of HSs occurs primarily through humification biological residues, electron transfer between quinone phenolic groups HSs, interactions among microorganisms, mineral particles. Mineral particles contribute significantly stability these Conditions prolonged exposure light redox changes further influence their stability. have been applied treatment remediation environmental pollution due ability adsorb, degrade, undergo reactions pollutants. mechanisms (including semiquinone radicals) reviewed, factors affecting explored. Additionally, interaction pollutants, effects on pollutant migration transformation, microbial communities, discussed. Lastly, perspectives for future research aimed at improving innovation understanding impact behavior provided.

Language: Английский

The Evolution of Nutrient and Microbial Composition and Maturity During the Composting of Different Plant-Derived Wastes

Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 268 - 268

Published: March 6, 2025

Composting is an environmentally friendly treatment technology that recycles and sanitizes organic solid waste. This study aimed to assess the evolution of nutrients, maturity, microbial communities during composting different plant-derived wastes. The process was conducted over 49 days using three types waste: wheat bran (WB), peanut straw (PS), poplar leaf litter (PL). examined through physical, chemical, biological parameters. results revealed after composting, groups experienced significant changes. They were odorless, insect-free, exhibited a dark brown color, had alkaline pH value, electrical conductivity (EC) value less than 4 mS/cm. These characteristics indicated they reached maturity. Nutrient content most factor influencing degree humification materials, while changes in community diversity key driving factors. Significantly, compost PS, derived from straw, entered thermophilic phase first, by end it lowest matter (OM) loss rate (17.4%), with increases total nitrogen (TN), phosphorus (TP), potassium (TK) order PS > PL WB. increase humus carbon (HSC) humic acid/fulvic acid (HA/FA) ratio followed WB PL. FTIR spectra greater aromatic compared other samples. abundance bacterial fungal increased significantly, accompanied more complex structures. Crucially, there no phytotoxic effects any treatments, boasted high germination index (GI) 94.79%, heavy metal contents. findings indicate has highest potential for resource utilization suitable agricultural applications. Our demonstrate waste enhance soil fertility provide reference

Language: Английский