Science Insights,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
44(2), P. 1263 - 1272
Published: Feb. 29, 2024
The
emergence
of
microplastic
pollution
has
become
a
significant
environmental
concern
that
far-reaching
consequences
for
ecosystems
and
human
health
on
global
scale.
Microplastics,
which
are
defined
as
plastic
particulates
smaller
than
five
millimeters,
pervasive
in
our
surroundings
originate
from
variety
sources,
including
industrial
processes,
products,
the
degradation
larger
plastics.
This
article
examines
tangible
risks
presents
to
beings,
encompassing
its
origins,
distribution,
consequences,
contamination
soil,
water,
food,
air.
Through
an
analysis
ongoing
regulatory
initiatives,
mitigation
tactics,
necessity
additional
investigation,
objective
is
elucidate
intricacies
this
matter
underscore
critical
nature
confronting
order
safeguard
environment
health.
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
53(16), P. 1489 - 1511
Published: April 8, 2023
Microplastics
are
widespread
contaminants
leading
to
environmental
exposure.
While
studies
on
the
prevalence
in
human
tissues
have
multiplied,
little
is
known
about
their
pharmacokinetics.
Mechanisms
of
absorption,
distribution,
metabolism,
and
excretion
(ADME)
must
be
addressed
before
effects
health
(i.e.
pharmacodynamics)
can
understood.
Therefore,
objective
this
review
was
provide
an
integrated
assessment
fate
microplastics
body
by
gathering
information
from
multiple
fields
research
(e.g.
implants
microspheres).
Absorption
mainly
occurs
through
transcytosis
enterocytes,
while
larger
particles
may
internalized
gaps
persorption)
or
uptake
phagocytes.
Only
<5
µm
reach
alveolar
region,
large
found
lungs
usually
result
entrapment
circulating
narrow
pulmonary
capillary
network.
Overall,
absorption
rates
expected
low.
then
distributed
circulatory
system,
accumulating
respiratory
digestive
liver,
spleen,
brain.
Metabolism
lead
biodegradation
microplastics,
enzymes
reactive
oxygen
species
macrophages,
exposure
physiologic
fluids,
microbiologic
activity
gut
lumen.
Finally,
most
will
removed
liver
spleen
excreted
feces.
work
provides
initial
attempt
at
constructing
a
pharmacokinetics
model
for
further
required.
Ideally,
future
works
should
conducted
using
histopathology
techniques
obtain
precise
location
radiolabelled
allow
tracking
time.
Abstract
Since
their
invention,
plastics
have
driven
a
revolution
in
behavior
all
aspects
of
our
lives,
including
agriculture.
In-use
and
as
waste
material,
degrade
accumulate
agricultural
systems.
Accumulation
plastic
pollution
systems
has
negative
impacts
on
human
health
productivity
but
little
is
known
about
concentrations
microplastics
soils.
Here
we
used
historical
time
series
to
examine
changes
microplastic
soils
over
time.
Microplastics
were
stained
with
Nile
Red
quantified
using
fluorescence
microscopy.
We
demonstrate
that
increased
at
higher
rates
are
amended
either
organic
or
inorganic
fertiliser
between
1966
2022,
suggesting
fertilisers
an
important
contributor
This
study
provides
evidence
receptors
reservoirs
pollution,
legacy
which
growing
Environmental Pollution,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
343, P. 123233 - 123233
Published: Dec. 28, 2023
We
investigated
microplastic
(MP)
contamination
in
16
commonly-consumed
protein
products
(seafoods,
terrestrial
meats,
and
plant-based
proteins)
purchased
the
United
States
(U.S.)
with
different
levels
of
processing
(unprocessed,
minimally-processed,
highly-processed),
brands
(1–4
per
product
type,
depending
on
availability)
store
types
(conventional
supermarket
grocer
featuring
mostly
natural/organic
products).
Mean
(±stdev)
MP
serving
among
was
74
±
220
particles
(ranging
from
2
chicken
breast
to
370
580
breaded
shrimp).
Concentrations
(MPs/g
tissue)
differed
between
levels,
highly-processed
containing
significantly
more
MPs
than
minimally-processed
(p
=
0.0049).
There
were
no
significant
differences
same
or
types.
Integrating
these
results
consumption
data
American
public,
we
estimate
that
mean
annual
exposure
adults
proteins
is
11,000
29,000
particles,
a
maximum
estimated
3.8
million
MPs/year.
These
findings
further
inform
estimations
human
MPs,
particularly
which
are
important
dietary
staples
U.S.
Subsequent
research
should
investigate
additional
drivers
diet,
including
other
understudied
food
groups
sourced
both
within
outside
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
896, P. 165291 - 165291
Published: July 3, 2023
Microplastics
(MPs)
are
small
plastic
pieces
less
than
5
mm
in
size.
Previous
studies
have
focused
on
the
sources,
transports,
and
fates
of
MPs
marine
or
sediment
environments.
However,
limited
attention
has
been
given
to
role
land
as
primary
source
MPs,
how
polymers
transformed
into
through
biological
abiotic
effects
during
transport
process
remains
unclear.
Here,
we
focus
exploration
main
sources
soil,
highlighting
that
MP
generation
is
not
solely
a
byproduct
production
but
can
also
result
from
impact
factors
transport.
This
review
presents
new
perspective
understanding
degradation
considering
soil
distinct
fluid
suggesting
transformation
change
mediated
by
occur
surface,
while
biodegradation
occurs
interior.
viewpoint
suggested
because
some
becomes
obvious
interior,
whose
surface
expected
colonize
microorganisms,
gradually
considered
carbon
independent
photosynthesis
net
production.
emphasizes
need
understand
basic
information
for
rational
evaluation
its
environmental
toxicity.
Such
enables
better
control
pollution
affected
areas
prevents
contamination
unaffected
regions.
Finally,
knowledge
gaps
future
research
directions
necessary
advancements
this
field
provided.
Animals,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(2), P. 350 - 350
Published: Jan. 22, 2024
Plastic
pollution
is
a
global
diffuse
threat,
especially
considering
its
fragmentation
into
microplastics
(MPs)
and
nanoplastics
(NPs).
Since
the
contamination
of
aquatic
environment
already
well
studied,
most
studies
have
now
focused
on
soil.
Moreover,
number
exposure
routes
toxic
effects
MNPs
in
humans
continuously
increasing.
Although
can
cause
inflammation,
cytotoxicity,
genotoxicity
immune
toxicity
livestock
animals,
which
accumulate
ingested/inhaled
plastic
particles
transfer
them
to
through
food
chain,
research
this
topic
still
lacking.
In
farm
animals
as
missing
link
between
soil/plant
human
health
effects,
paper
aims
describe
their
importance
carriers
vectors
MNP
contamination.
As
early
stages,
there
no
standard
method
quantify
amount
characteristics
different
matrices.
Therefore,
creation
common
database
where
researchers
report
data
quantification
methods
could
be
helpful
for
both
standardization
future
training
an
AI
tool
predicting
abundant/dangerous
polymer(s),
thus
supporting
policy
decisions
reduce
perfectly
fitting
with
One
Health
principles.
