Assessment of the level of implementation of infection prevention and control practices in district and regional hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania DOI Creative Commons
Mohd Fadzelly Abu Bakar, Lilian Nkinda, Mecky Matee

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 13, 2024

Abstract Background Strict adherence to infection prevention and control (IPC) is the mainstay for preventing controlling healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs), often caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens. We used World Health Organization IPC Assessment Framework (WHO IPCAF) assess level of implementation measures in 3 regional referral hospitals, 5 district 1 health center Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Results The overall mean IPCAF score assessed facilities was 417 out 800 points (IQR: 408.75–478.6). On average, there no difference between Regional District Hospitals, both were at an intermediate level. components that performed well were: CC8 (environment, materials, equipment; 77.5, IQR 75–80), CC1 (IPC program; 70, 65–70)), CC2 guidelines; 75, 75-77.5). CC5 (multi-modal strategies (60, IQR, 55-67.5) CC7 (workload, bed occupancy, staffing (55, 40–60) had moderate scores, while CC6 (monitoring feedback (25, 25-31.25), CC4 HCAI surveillance (30, 22.5–50), CC3 education (40, 35–55) scored lowly. notable gaps i) inadequate training programs lack systems data on antimicrobial consumption, adequate spacing (> m), which seen all ii) majority (77.8%) not monitoring indicators. All healthcare low-capacity microbiology laboratories. Conclusions With increasing incidence hospital-associated recent COVID-19, M-pox, Ebola, Marburg outbreaks, urgent need address challenges observed key hindering progress HCAIs. Based our findings, special attention should be given (CC3), strengthening (CC4), (CC6), occupancy (CC7).

Language: Английский

Evaluation of the Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in the Intensive Care Unit of a Clinical Hospital in Romania DOI Creative Commons
Sándor Szabó, Bogdan Feier,

Alina Mărginean

et al.

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 64 - 64

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are associated with increased mortality, antimicrobial resistance, and high antibiotic use. Methods: The characteristics of bacterial resistance consumption in the intensive care unit (ICU) a clinical hospital Romania were evaluated. Demographic data patients, identified bacteria, antibiotics administered, their sensitivity profiles collected analyzed. Results: One hundred twenty-five median age 68 years, mostly male (60%), included study. More than one-third patients died. deceased older (median 74 years), had longer hospitalization 9 days) bacteria detected (55.3%), higher discharged patients. most frequent our cohort Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus hemolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis survived group. top three used ceftriaxone, metronidazole, meropenem. Resistance to was observed 44.3% group 37.5% who (χ2 = 5.5, p 0.0628). Discussion: A positive monotonic association between number days doses, correlation coefficient for (0.6327, < 0.0001) (0.4749, 0.0001). Conclusions Future Trends: This study provides real picture HAIs, an ICU Romania. obtained similar those from other international studies, but further studies needed reflect situation

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Antimicrobial Resistance: Linking Molecular Mechanisms to Public Health Impact DOI Creative Commons
Ghazala Muteeb,

Raisa Nazir Ahmed Kazi,

Mohammad Aatif

et al.

SLAS DISCOVERY, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100232 - 100232

Published: April 1, 2025

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) develops into a worldwide health emergency through genetic and biochemical adaptations which enable microorganisms to resist antimicrobial treatment. β-lactamases (blaNDM, blaKPC) efflux pumps (MexAB-OprM) working with mobile elements facilitate fast proliferation of multidrug-resistant (MDR) exttreme drug-resistant (XDR) phenotypes thus creating major concerns for healthcare systems community as well the agricultural sector. The review dissimilarly unifies molecular pathways public implications study epidemiological data monitoring approaches innovative therapeutic solutions. Previous studies separating their attention between genetics clinical outcomes have been combined our approach delivers an all-encompassing analysis AMR. report investigates mechanisms feature enzymatic degradation pump overexpression together target modification horizontal gene transfer because these factors represent important contributors present-day AMR developments. This effects on hospital environments where it affects pathogens including MRSA, carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. document explores modern management methods that comprise WHO GLASS surveillance three strategies such CRISPR-modified genome editing bacteriophage treatments along peptides artificial intelligence diagnostic tools. resolution needs complete scientific global operational alongside state-of-the-art approaches. Worldwide infection burden requires both enhanced prevention procedures next-generation reduce cases effectively.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Enhances Precision and Rapid Detection in Healthcare-Associated Infection Surveillance: Unveiling Multidrug-Resistant Colonization in ICUs DOI Creative Commons

Tangchun Liu,

Shurong Deng,

Wandi Liu

et al.

New Microbes and New Infections, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101589 - 101589

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Efficacy of Antimicrobial Dry Fog in Improving the Environmental Microbial Burden in an Inpatient Ward DOI Creative Commons
Yashar Jalali,

Andrea Kološová,

Karol Džupa

et al.

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1187 - 1187

Published: Dec. 6, 2024

Background/Objectives: In healthcare environments with high microbial loads, effective infection control measures are critical for reducing airborne and surface contamination. One of the novel modalities in achievement these goals is use antimicrobial mists, such as droplets, form dry fog. Although usage fog disinfection contained microenvironments well known, effect a system terms meaningful reduction burden an open inpatient ward unclear. Our objective was to assess impact scheduled fogging on settings. Methods: We collected air samples from rooms receiving daily, biweekly, or no (controls) over six months, establishing baseline contamination evaluating trends treated rooms. The “reduction effect” measured by tracking isolation before after treatment, while “degree reduction” assessed differences across varied schedules. Results: results indicate that significantly reduced loads rooms, especially daily (SE = 64.484, p 0.002). showed strong downward trend time 19.192, < 0.001). Surface remained challenging due frequent recontamination; however, exhibited consistent presence 2.002, 0.010), confirming fogging’s role valuable adjunct routine cleaning. Conclusions: conclusion, this study highlights effectively reduces open, high-traffic environments, supporting its part multimodal strategy.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Six-Year Epidemiologic Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Klebsiella pneumoniae Infections in a Tertiary Healthcare Center in Western Romania DOI Creative Commons

Elena Hogea,

Alexandra-Cristina Muntean,

Oana Plavițu

et al.

Microbiology Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 2661 - 2672

Published: Dec. 12, 2024

Background and Objectives: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major nosocomial pathogen with remarkable ability to develop resistance multiple antibiotics, posing significant treatment challenges. This study aims evaluate the antimicrobial patterns among multidrug-resistant (MDR) non-MDR strains of K. isolated over six-year period (2018–2023) at Clinical Hospital Infectious Diseases Pulmonology “Dr. Victor Babes” in Timisoara, Romania. The objectives include categorizing isolates based on their antibiotic profiles identifying trends key antibiotics optimize strategies enhance infection control measures. Materials Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted obtained from various clinical samples between January 2018 December 2023. Identification performed using standard bacteriological procedures, susceptibility testing Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method accordance EUCAST guidelines. Isolates were classified as susceptible, resistant, MDR, extensively drug-resistant (XDR), or pandrug-resistant (PDR) ECDC definitions. Data analyzed GraphPad Prism 6, chi-square tests Cochran–Armitage trend applied where appropriate. Statistical significance set p < 0.05. Results: total 1,081 identified period, increasing 118 319 proportion XDR PDR showed upward 30.5% 57.4% 2023 (p 0.001). Specifically, increased 22.9% 39.8% 2023, while rose 7.6% 17.6%. Among monomicrobial infections accounted for 42.4% 16.5%, respectively. Resistance carbapenems also increase; instance, ertapenem 35.6% 54.2% Subgroup revealed that bronchial aspirates had highest rates 38.0% 17.2%, Additionally, polymicrobial both co-infecting pathogens XDR/PDR 24.2% 46.6% Conclusions: demonstrates escalation particularly strains. rising critical like underscores urgent need enhanced stewardship Targeted interventions are essential curb spread these resistant therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Assessment of the level of implementation of infection prevention and control practices in district and regional hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania DOI Creative Commons
Mohd Fadzelly Abu Bakar, Lilian Nkinda, Mecky Matee

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 13, 2024

Abstract Background Strict adherence to infection prevention and control (IPC) is the mainstay for preventing controlling healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs), often caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens. We used World Health Organization IPC Assessment Framework (WHO IPCAF) assess level of implementation measures in 3 regional referral hospitals, 5 district 1 health center Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Results The overall mean IPCAF score assessed facilities was 417 out 800 points (IQR: 408.75–478.6). On average, there no difference between Regional District Hospitals, both were at an intermediate level. components that performed well were: CC8 (environment, materials, equipment; 77.5, IQR 75–80), CC1 (IPC program; 70, 65–70)), CC2 guidelines; 75, 75-77.5). CC5 (multi-modal strategies (60, IQR, 55-67.5) CC7 (workload, bed occupancy, staffing (55, 40–60) had moderate scores, while CC6 (monitoring feedback (25, 25-31.25), CC4 HCAI surveillance (30, 22.5–50), CC3 education (40, 35–55) scored lowly. notable gaps i) inadequate training programs lack systems data on antimicrobial consumption, adequate spacing (> m), which seen all ii) majority (77.8%) not monitoring indicators. All healthcare low-capacity microbiology laboratories. Conclusions With increasing incidence hospital-associated recent COVID-19, M-pox, Ebola, Marburg outbreaks, urgent need address challenges observed key hindering progress HCAIs. Based our findings, special attention should be given (CC3), strengthening (CC4), (CC6), occupancy (CC7).

Language: Английский

Citations

0