Effects of Cadmium Pollution on Human Health: A Narrative Review

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 225 - 225

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Cadmium (Cd) is a pervasive environmental and industrial toxin that poses significant health risks. It readily moves through soil–plant systems, leading to global contamination human exposure diet, smoking, pollution. The main purpose of this review explore the effect Cd on physiological processes different bodies’ organs, including bones, kidneys, liver, as well immune, cerebrovascular, cardiovascular, reproductive systems. Accumulation in body can result poisoning with severe impacts bone kidney health, reduced mineral density due renal damage. Research has linked lung cancer pulmonary toxicity, elevated urinary biomarkers suggest compromised function. also affects immune systems; liver; contributing various diseases by disrupting blood pressure calcium regulation, causing oxidative stress DNA damage, impairing cell functions. Ongoing research essential fully understand Cd-induced toxicological effects develop effective interventions prevent mitigate

Language: Английский

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New insights into heavy metal cadmium-induced liver injury: prominent role of programmed cell death mechanisms

Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 154169 - 154169

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Baicalin ameliorates heat stress-induced hepatic injury and intestinal microecology dysbiosis in late gestational mice

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 283, P. 116832 - 116832

Published: Aug. 12, 2024

Heat stress (HS) disrupts intestinal microbiota, glycolipid metabolism, and hepatic mitochondrial function in late gestational mice. Baicalin (BAI), a Chinese herbal medicine known for its heat-clearing anti-inflammatory properties, has shown promise modulating microecology mitigating inflammation various organs. This study investigates whether baicalin attenuates HS-induced microbial dysbiosis liver damage pregnant mice during gestation. Twenty-four were randomly assigned to four groups, including thermoneutral (TN) (24 ± 1 ℃), HS (35 HS+BAI200 (oral gavaged with 200 mg/kg BW of BAI), HS+BAI400 400 BAI). BAI treatment markedly decreased the rectal temperature increased fetal weight Furthermore, administration effectively ameliorated lipid disorders, reducing HSP70, AST, ALT levels while increasing TG concentration. Notably, it activated network genes involved synthesis, fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), oxidation, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), carnitine palmityl transferase beta (CPT1β). Moreover, intervention restored morphology barrier function, evidenced by villus height, ratio height crypt depth, colonic goblet cells numbers. up-regulated expression tight junction proteins, claudin-1 Zonula Occludens-1 (ZO-1), jejunum ileum, counteracting downregulation. High-throughput sequencing showed that altered cecal composition, relative abundance beneficial Bacteroidota decreasing Deferribacterota, Turicibacter, Akkermansia. Spearman's correlation analysis highlighted significant correlations between differential microbiota physiological indexes. In conclusion, alleviated adverse impacts heat-exposed gestation, improving maternal parameters, ameliorating composition. The findings suggest may regulate gut-liver axis morphology, microecology, function.

Language: Английский

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Male Reproductive Hazards Associated with Cadmium Exposure

SAR Journal of Medical Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(03), P. 16 - 21

Published: May 3, 2024

Cadmium, an environmental pollutant prevalent in various industrial surroundings, poses a substantial risk to male fertility. This review explores the complex mechanisms through which cadmium exerts its toxic effects on testis. The testis, primary target for accumulation, experiences structural and functional alterations that disrupt essential cellular processes associated with spermatogenesis. Cadmium-induced testicular injury involves cascade of events, including apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammation, disruptions key signaling pathways. These molecular changes collectively contribute compromised function, leading impaired sperm development activity. Understanding these is crucial delineating comprehensive impact Furthermore, such information opens avenues developing targeted interventions aimed at mitigating adverse exposure reproductive function. aims consolidate current research findings, providing overview intricate underlying cadmium-induced implications

Language: Английский

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Potential role of autophagy in the male reproductive system

International Journal of Sexual and Reproductive Health Care, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 028 - 032

Published: April 30, 2024

Autophagy is a highly controlled cellular mechanism that maintains homeostasis by degrading and recycling components. In recent years, there has been greater concentration on understanding the role of autophagy in male reproductive system. This review addresses potential importance many aspects physiology, such as spermatogenesis, sperm maturation, testicular function. The fertility, quality, response to environmental stressors explored. Insights into molecular mechanisms driving cells cover groundwork for future research targeted at complex relationship between health.

Language: Английский

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