Oxidative Stress and Bio-Regulation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 3360 - 3360

Published: March 15, 2024

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals work to maintain homeostasis in the body, but their excessive production causes damage organism. The human body is composed of a variety cells totaling over 60 trillion cells. Each cell performs different functions has unique lifespan. lifespan preprogrammed genes, death that have reached end called apoptosis. This contrary necrosis, which premature brought about by physical or scientific forces. its own lifespan, humans estimated be up 120 years. Elucidating mechanism single will lead better understanding death, and, conversely, exploring mechanisms life. In this sense, research on active radicals, are implicated biological disorders homeostasis, requires an both physicochemical as well biochemical aspects. Based discussion above, it clear see dual injuring facilitating living organisms.

Language: Английский

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New Biomarkers in Liver Fibrosis: A Pass through the Quicksand?

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 798 - 798

Published: July 29, 2024

Chronic liver diseases (CLD) stem from various causes and lead to a gradual progression that ultimately may result in fibrosis eventually cirrhosis. This process is typically prolonged asymptomatic, characterized by the complex interplay among cell types, signaling pathways, extracellular matrix components, immune responses. With prevalence of CLD increasing, diagnoses are often delayed, which leads poor prognoses some cases, need for transplants. Consequently, there an urgent development novel, non-invasive methods diagnosis monitoring CLD. In this context, serum biomarkers-safer, repeatable, more acceptable alternatives tissue biopsies-are attracting significant research interest, although their clinical implementation not yet widespread. review summarizes latest advancements biomarkers detecting hepatic fibrogenesis advocates concerted efforts consolidate current knowledge, thereby providing patients with early, effective, accessible facilitate personalized therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

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Effects of a Two-Year Lifestyle Intervention on Intrahepatic Fat Reduction and Renal Health: Mitigation of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress, a Randomized Trial

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 754 - 754

Published: June 21, 2024

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common chronic observed in clinical practice worldwide. This disorder has been independently associated with an increased risk of developing kidney (CKD). The aim this study was to evaluate whether a 2-year intervention based on Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and physical activity focussed reducing intrahepatic fat contents (IFC) decreased CKD. Forty adults (50% women) residing Mallorca, aged 48 60 years, diagnosed MAFLD were recruited. Participants divided into two groups they improved IFC measured by nuclear magnetic resonance. Anthropometric parameters responders, including reduced weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference. Only responders showed improvements lipid profile enzymes. Haematological favourable changes both groups. Oxidative stress inflammatory biomarkers differed between Responders had lower plasma interleukine-18 (IL-18) levels, but higher erythrocyte malonaldehyde (MDA) levels. Non-responders catalase superoxide dismutase activity. After 2 non-responders serum creatinine, Modification Diet Renal Disease (MDRD), Chronic Kidney Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) while reductions these together uric acid urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). Positive correlations found injury biomarkers, MDRD creatinine In conclusion, healthy dietary pattern lifestyle promotes significant related cardiovascular, hepatic, renal health.

Language: Английский

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Green Tea Polyphenol (-)-Epicatechin Pretreatment Mitigates Hepatic Steatosis in an In Vitro MASLD Model

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46(8), P. 8981 - 8994

Published: Aug. 16, 2024

Abstract: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty (NAFLD), is becoming more prominent globally due to an increase in the prevalence of obesity, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes. A great deal studies have proposed potential treatments for MASLD, with few them demonstrating promising results. The aim this study was investigate effects (-)-epicatechin (EPI) on development MASLD vitro model using HepG2 cell line by determining metabolic viability cells levels PPARα, PPARγ, GSH. were pretreated 10, 30, 50, 100 μM EPI 4 h assess lipid metabolism. culture established hepatocytes which exposed 1.5 mM oleic acid (OA) 24 h. Moreover, colorimetric MTS assay used order determine cells, PPARα PPARγ protein determined enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA), accumulation visualized Oil Red O Staining method. Also, intracellular glutathione (GSH) measured level oxidative stress. shown treated OA. after incubation OA, significantly decreased, a 71%, compared EPI, where 74–86% respect concentration experiment. Furthermore, GSH exhibited decrease response increasing concentrations. Pretreatment has demonstrated effect vitro. Therefore, considering that mediates metabolism it should be considered hepatoprotective agent future research.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic studies of Ogataea polymorpha using nine different corn steep liquors

BMC Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Abstract Background In the fermentation industry, demand to replace expensive complex media components is increasing for alternative nutrient sources derived from waste or side streams, such as corn steep liquor (CSL). However, use of CSL associated with common problems products, batch-to-batch variations and compositional inconsistencies. this study, detect in Ogataea polymorpha cultivations, a “fingerprinting” system was developed by employing Respiration Activity Monitoring System designed shake flasks (RAMOS) 96-well microtiter plates (µTOM). Results At 2.5 g d.s./L 5 g/L glucose, limitation secondary substrate, other than carbon source, observed. For specific medium, caused ammonium nitrogen could be removed through targeted supplementation sulphate. Under limitation, O. showed change morphology different cell size distribution. Increasing storage times impaired cultivation results. It speculated that observation micronutrient precipitation sulfide salts. Through supplementation, these limiting microelements were identified copper, iron zinc. Conclusions This study shows versatility an source cultivations. “Fingerprinting” batches allows early screening. Fermentation inconsistencies can eliminated selecting better performing supplementing improving inferior prior large-scale productions.

Language: Английский

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Ethanolic extract of ginger enhances liver health and lipid metabolism in high-cystine diet-induced hyperlipidemia by boosting the antioxidant milieu

Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 16, 2025

Background Hypercholesterolemia is a global health concern and risk factor for metabolic disorders due to its association with oxidative stress. Objective This study aimed evaluate the therapeutic potential of ginger ethanolic extract (GE) water suspension (GS) against hypercholesterolemia-induced stress in cystine-fed rats. Methods Rats were randomly assigned seven groups. Control, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) group, groups three four received orally 150 mg/kg GE or GS two weeks, respectively. Group five was fed diet 5% cystine weeks. Groups six followed by weeks treatment, Results exhibited significant increases serum alanine aminotransferase alkaline phosphatase activities, hepatic malondialdehyde, levels total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, low density lipoprotein lipids. They showed decreases high cholesterol levels, alpha-1 -2 globulin, beta-globulin reduced glutathione content, activities peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reductase, S-transferase. Administration significantly mitigated these effects. Conclusions attenuated damage modulating lipid profile boosting activity antioxidant enzymes showing superior efficacy GS.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Role of Metabolic Hyperferritinaemia (MHF) in Steatotic Liver Disease (SLD) and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 842 - 842

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

The increasing prevalence of the spectrum Steatotic Liver Disease (SLD), including Metabolic-Associated (MASLD), Steatohepatitis (MASH), and progression to Cirrhosis Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) has led intense research in disease pathophysiology, with many studies focusing on role iron. Iron overload, which is often observed patients SLD as a part metabolic hyperferritinaemia (MHF), particularly reticuloendothelial system (RES), can exacerbate steatosis. This imbalance iron distribution, coupled high-fat diet, further promote by means oxidative stress triggering inflammation activating hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), therefore leading fibrosis simple steatosis more severe MASH. influence overload also been shown complex ferroptosis, type cell death driven iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis depletes liver's antioxidant capacity, contributing development MASH, while its MASH-related HCC potentially linked alternations tumour microenvironment, well ferroptosis resistance. iron-rich steatotic environment becomes prone hepatocarcinogenesis activation several pro-carcinogenic mechanisms epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition deactivation DNA damage repair. Biochemical markers deranged metabolism have all stages associated multiple patient cohorts diverse genetic backgrounds, enhancing our daily clinical understanding this interaction. Further could lead enhanced therapies for management prevention.

Language: Английский

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Dapagliflozin attenuates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by inhibiting lipid accumulation, inflammation and liver fibrosis

BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(1)

Published: March 12, 2025

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as a globally prevalent disease, closely linked to the rising incidence of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Dapagliflozin (DaPa), sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, is primarily prescribed for diabetes management. It shown potential efficacy in managing MASLD clinical settings. However, molecular mechanisms underlying effects DaPa on remain poorly understood. Hence, we aimed investigate role MASLD. Male diet-induced obese (DIO) C57BL/6J mice were injected with streptozotocin (STZ), followed by high-fat diet regimen stimulate dysfunction. Subsequently, they received via gavage 5 weeks. Hepatic lipid accumulation, pathological alterations, inflammatory markers, fibrosis assessed. administration reduced fat accumulation DIO mice. Additionally, it decreased oxidative stress peroxide levels, which was attributed upregulation glutathione downregulation malondialdehyde reactive oxygen species levels. Notably, downregulated response fibrosis. protects against inhibiting inflammation, stress,

Language: Английский

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The independent predictive value of admission serum ferritin concentration for prognosis in elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia in the emergency department

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) poses a significant health threat to the elderly population, leading high morbidity and mortality rates. Serum ferritin, critical indicator of iron metabolism, plays pivotal role in inflammation immune regulation. Nevertheless, its specific prognostic relevance patients with CAP remains unclear. This study aimed evaluate predictive capacity serum ferritin determining prognosis investigate effectiveness when combined sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) or CURB-65 (confusion, uremia, respiratory rate, blood pressure, aged ≥65 years) scores. retrospective cohort included 451 (aged diagnosed according established criteria. concentrations were measured upon admission various indicators such as 28-day mortality, mechanical ventilation requirement, vasopressor administration analyzed conjunction white count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), lactate (Lac), SOFA scores, The independent value was assessed through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis multivariate logistic regression. Among patients, 99 (22%) died within 28 days. area under (AUC) for predicting 0.75 (95%CI: 0.695-0.805). Ferritin outperformed WBC, CRP, PCT performance, performance comparable Lac. When AUC increased 0.84 0.847, respectively (P<0.001). Moreover, 0.707, which 0.864 0.822 could predict requirement an 0.618, but it not risk factor, ability significantly different from other indicators. Admission is predictor CAP, exhibits strong administration. combination scores improves potency.

Language: Английский

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Broadening horizons: research on ferroptosis in lung cancer and its potential therapeutic targets

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Ferroptosis is a novel form of cell death distinct from traditional mechanisms, characterized by the accumulation iron ions and production lipid peroxides. It not only affects survival tumor cells but also closely linked to changes in microenvironment. Lung cancer one leading malignancies worldwide terms incidence mortality, its complex biological mechanisms resistance make treatment challenging. Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis plays key role onset progression lung cancer, with intricate regulatory influencing development response therapy. As research into deepens, related molecular pathways, such as glutamate metabolism, antioxidant defense, been gradually revealed. However, clinical practice, ferroptosis-based therapeutic strategies for are still their early stages. Challenges remain, including incomplete understanding specific ferroptosis, insufficient on factors, limited insight interactions within Therefore, effective modulation enhance remains an urgent issue. This review summarizes analyzes factors interaction microenvironment, further explores potential targeting ferroptosis. By synthesizing latest research, this paper aims provide new perspectives directions treatment, goal advancing applications.

Language: Английский

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