Informal
learning
refers
to
most
human
that
takes
place
outside
of
the
official
educational
system.
In
this
technological
era,
every
secondary
student
is
exposed
digital
or
online
tools
in
either
for
academic
purposes
their
leisure
activities
something
new
on
any
topic
interest
informally.
What
has
not
been
explored
yet
extent
which
school
learners
can
acquire
21st
Century
Skills
through
Online
Learning
absence
a
formal
setting.
skills
are
abilities
and
competencies
today's
students
need
possess
become
global
citizens
competing
working
market.
Since
technology
plays
vital
role
process
settings,
it
also
act
as
an
important
medium
them
communicate,
collaborate,
develop
such
creativity,
literacy,
critical
thinking.
response
underexplored
gap
literature,
researcher
embarked
explorative
investigation
development
21CS
using
Web
2.0
tools.
To
adequately
address
phenomenon
under
study,
first
research
question
aimed
explore
various
kinds
OIL
available
pupils.
The
second
third
questions
were
formulated
investigate
how
grow
OIL.
further
objectives
qualitative
quantitative
methods
integrated
provide
more
complete
comprehension
answers
questions.
By
analysing
literature
review,
designed
conceptual
framework
underpinned
by
six
components
Engeström's
Activity
Theory,
P21
(Framework
Learning),
three
dimensions
Fenwick
Tennant
(2004).
mixed-method
explanatory
sequential
process,
data
derived
from
pupils
who
utilised
internet
technologies
informal
contexts
semi-structured
interviews,
surveys,
focus
group
interviews.
phase,
310
questionnaires
collected
between
11
18
years
old.
then
aligned
with
framework.
Further,
analysis
trend
correlation
detection
performed
models
understand
why
(OIL)
affects
century
learners.
findings
revealed
certain
resources
while
others
used
both
learning.
Furthermore,
was
discovered
social
networking
sites
instant
messaging
contribute
gathered
learners'
replies
identified
following
types
among
students:
self-directed
learning,
collaborative
accidental
Learning,
self-discovery
intentional
study
contributes
valuable
insights
into
potential
complement
education
promote
thinking
lifelong
Moreover,
identifies
pedagogical
approaches
effective
environments.
help
educators
assists
similar
across
world.
Significantly,
model
proposed
provides
future
area
regarding
use
foundation
Frontiers in Education,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
9
Published: Jan. 24, 2025
Introduction
Game-based
learning
is
a
methodology
that
has
gained
importance
in
the
world
of
education
due
to
benefits
implementing
ICT
classroom.
Due
intellectual
and
competence
demands
some
commercial
video
games
promote,
they
can
be
very
valuable
tools
stimulate
promote
metacognitive
abilities
students.
Therefore,
this
paper
aimed
analyze
use
educational
contexts
their
impact
on
development
skills.
Methods
For
analysis
study,
systematic
review
literature
was
carried
out
following
PRISMA
statement.
Specialized
databases
such
as
Scopus,
WoS,
PsyInfo,
PubMed,
SciELO,
Eric
were
consulted,
which
helped
capture
essence
problem
between
2004
2024.
Results
The
then
10
selected
articles.
results
obtained
show
evidence:
(a)
games,
together
with
strategies,
enrich
academic
social
aspects
well
level,
(b)
are
effective
promoting
metacognition
other
more
traditional
methodologies
or
tools.
Discussion
Finally,
there
need
rethink
implications
classroom
if
we
want
students
acquire
skills
will
essential
successfully
respond
challenges
professional
future.
Early Child Development and Care,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 18
Published: March 11, 2024
With
children's
digital
technology
usage
surging
in
post-pandemic
Canada,
it
is
imperative
to
understand
literacy
and
multimodal
practices.
This
study
investigated
potential
predictors
of
practices
at
home,
the
latent
profiles
families.
A
sample
413
parents
children
aged
0–8
was
recruited
online
from
daycare
centres
Central
Ontario
examine
home
environments,
literacy,
The
findings
indicated
that
(1)
child
age,
resources,
parent's
beliefs
regarding
use
predicted
increased
(2)
Three
families
were
identified:
low-digital
(36.9%),
moderate-digital
(51.2%),
high-digital
(11.9%).
Our
research
sheds
light
on
landscape
Canadian
with
young
suggests
financial
status
may
not
be
primary
factor
identifying
who
can
benefit
initiatives
supporting
literacy.
Applied Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(22), P. 12318 - 12318
Published: Nov. 14, 2023
COVID-19
has
accelerated
the
shift
to
blended
or
fully
online
learning
environments,
enforcing
educational
institutions
embrace
technology
and
offer
their
students
an
at
least
experience
[...]
The
period
of
the
COVID-19
pandemic
resulted
in
a
rapid
development
innovative
education
methods,
particular
using
e-learning
and
remote
work
tools.
effects
this
are
also
post-pandemic
changes
formal
teaching
regulations,
higher
education,
allowing
classes
lectures
to
be
carried
out
with
Blended
Learning
or
Flipped
Classroom
methods.
This
paper
provides
information
about
case
study
implementing
ICT
technologies
elements
mentioned
methods
one
subjects
at
technical
university.
implemented
tools
solutions
field
interactivity
presented,
along
regarding
their
perception
by
students
during
two
academic
years
post-COVID-19
period.
analysis
results
these
student
evaluations
indicates
generally
positive
approach
such
innovations
educational
path,
same
time
shows
significant
challenges
for
teachers
increase
attractiveness
effectiveness
process
practical,
skills
students.
The
period
of
the
COVID-19
pandemic
resulted
in
a
rapid
development
innovative
education
methods,
particular
using
e-learning
and
remote
work
tools.
effects
this
are
also
post-pandemic
changes
formal
teaching
regulations,
higher
education,
allowing
classes
lectures
to
be
carried
out
with
Blended
Learning
or
Flipped
Classroom
methods.
This
paper
provides
information
about
case
study
implementing
ICT
technologies
elements
mentioned
methods
one
subjects
at
technical
university.
implemented
tools
solutions
field
interactivity
presented,
along
regarding
their
perception
by
students
during
two
academic
years
post-COVID-19
period.
analysis
results
these
student
evaluations
indicates
generally
positive
approach
such
innovations
educational
path,
same
time
shows
significant
challenges
for
teachers
increase
attractiveness
effectiveness
process
practical,
skills
students.
Research on Education and Psychology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
7(3), P. 502 - 526
Published: Dec. 20, 2023
This
study
aimed
to
examine
studies
on
critical
thinking
in
early
childhood
through
bibliometric
analysis.
In
the
research,
251
concept
of
"critical
thinking"
were
selected
according
inclusion
criteria
and
analyzed
with
VOS-viewer
program.
study,
co-author,
co-reference,
co-citation
co-word
analysis
was
carried
out
distribution
ten
most
cited
authors
publications,
years,
published
sources
countries.
According
results
thinking,
it
concluded
that
birthplace
subject
productive
country
is
USA.
co-author
analysis,
Daniel
Gagnon
who
contributed
subject,
Lipman
Kuhn
result
Dovigo
Karadağ
addition,
recurring
keywords
education,
creativity,
childhood,
cognitive
development,
teacher
training,
preschool.
As
a
number
low
there
should
be
an
increase
children
as
sample.
International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
40, P. 100653 - 100653
Published: April 4, 2024
The
popularity
of
programmable
robots
in
early
childhood
education
is
growing.
Such
are
discussed
the
literature
from
points
view
teachers,
parents
and
children.
We
add
role
robot
designers
to
this
list.
Focusing
on
specifically
their
intentions
beneficial
two
settings:
teacher
training
whenever
using
playing
activities
ECE.
present
a
qualitative
study
designer
intentions,
conducted
by
group
interviews
with
common
but
significantly
different
robots,
Kubo
Rugged
robot.
Using
Activity
Theory
as
underlying
framework
for
thematic
analysis
interviews,
our
data
reveal
large
overlap
both
groups.
They
express
goal
preparing
children
future
although
through
slightly
competencies:
enhancing
computational
thinking
21st
century
skills,
respectively.
Both
groups
highlight
relevance
subjects
outside
computer
science,
beyond
coding.
Our
also
show
design
process
difference
was
developed
teacher-oriented
approach
whereas
an
object-oriented
approach.
Routledge eBooks,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 520 - 526
Published: June 11, 2024
Early
childhood
is
one
of
the
most
important
stages
in
a
child's
cognitive
development,
and
early
child
education
can
be
crucial
yet
often
ignored
educational
stages.
The
narratives
about
vary
greatly
between
cultures
countries,
perceptions
China
United
States
are
very
different,
aside
from
inherent
systematic
differences.
This
research
dives
into
how
differences
political,
cultural
socioeconomic
factors
lead
to
these
two
it
also
examines
culture
teaching
values
behind
Analyzing
existing
Chinese
American
literature,
this
aims
provide
holistic
view
accounting
for
eventually
call
policy
changes
that
potentially
improve
both
systems.
Governmental
interventions
perception
role
seem
dominant
difference
systems
inequality
resources
countries
highlights
as
common
factor
leading
social
stratification
unequal
participation
education.