The impact of functional additives on biodegradable plastic biodegradation in natural terrestrial and composting environments

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 24

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Biodegradable plastics show promise in addressing traditional plastic waste issues. However, most commercially available biodegradable products are blended/composite materials, combining polymers with other polymers, fillers and additives. Non-reactive functional additives, such as plasticizers stabilizers, raise concerns due to potential leaching well release on degradation. Thus, understanding how these additives affect biodegradation rates processes is crucial, a comprehensive overview missing the literature. This review highlights that localized additive concentration levels adjacent materials could, at least for time, exceed threshold concentrations substantial impacts microbial activities, especially slow transport media soil compost. Of literature, it concerning only small fraction reported continuous quantitative data sampling frequency duration adequate synthesis. In those studies, presence of resulted an extended lag time compared virgin polymer. Interestingly, also typically increased rate following this initial time. Overall, variation was observed half-life polymer/additive blends when considering both rate. The likely key controlling factors dictating impact include leaching, alterations polymer properties induced by their intrinsic characteristics themselves. Future life cycle analysis environmental assessments new bioplastic must consider influence

Language: Английский

Bioremediation Potential of Flowering Shrubs Against Soil Cd Pollution: Enrichment Characteristics and Plant Response Mechanisms

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 1728 - 1728

Published: Feb. 8, 2025

Cadmium (Cd) ions can significantly affect plant growth and development. They promote up to a certain concentration, but high concentrations may inhibit normal growth. However, Cd pollution also threatens ecosystem security pose potential risk human health. Bioremediation has received significant attention as method for reducing soil pollution, including contamination. Therefore, this study evaluated the phytoremediation of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. (Triangle plum), Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn (Safflower), Cuphea ignea (Cigar flower) in Cd-contaminated that simulated conditions found mine tailings ponds. The results indicated there were differences ion accumulation among three flowering shrubs. Triangle plum had greatest enrichment ability, followed by Cigar flower then Safflower. leaves showed stems roots. In contrast, roots ability stems. their translocation factor (TF) values similar. effect Safflower was strongest, its roots, with relatively little stems, TF value varied within range. This provides scientific basis bioremediation new information about abilities different shrubs parts accumulate Cd.

Language: Английский

Numerical and Experimental Simulation of Contaminant Transport Through Porous Media with a Sublayer

International Journal of Civil Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 17, 2025

Language: Английский