Electro-Enhanced Gas Fermentation for Bioproduction of Volatile Fatty Acids and Alcohols

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 249 - 249

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

This study investigates sub-stoichiometric electron supply, also termed electro-fermentation, to influence product formation in gas fermentation. Two species, Clostridium carboxidivorans and Alkalibaculum bacchi, as well a co-culture of A. bacchi kluyveri, were tested batch cultures with without an external cell potential 800 mV. The supplied mixture was 50:40:10 N2:H2:CO2. test unit single-chamber reactor cathode made from electrically conducting composite PP black carbon. observed current densities generally very low, around 0.22 mA/m2. Despite that, significant reproducible change patterns rates occurred. C. increased the acetate (+32%), butyrate (+300% relative control), caproate (+600% control). In similar manner, produced more (+38%), (13 times than (only electrified setup). Additional trials using modified phase composition, 80:20 H2:CO2, confirmed finding that application electric enhances chain elongation alcohol formation. Moreover, experiment reversed polarity showed high surface area is essential for inducing metabolic modifications. results demonstrate electro-fermentation holds improving bioconversion processes aimed at producing green chemicals.

Language: Английский

Analysis of 3D Printed Dielectric Resonator Antenna Arrays for Millimeter-Wave 5G Applications

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(21), P. 9886 - 9886

Published: Oct. 29, 2024

This paper explores the potential use of fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology for manufacturing microwave and millimeter-wave dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) 5G beyond communication systems. DRAs operating at (mmWave) frequency bands were simulated, fabricated, analyzed in terms quality radio (RF) performance. Samples manufactured using a 3D printer PREPERM® ABS1000 filament, which offers stable constant (εr = 10 ± 0.35) low losses (tan δ 0.003) over wide temperature ranges. Surface profile tests microscope measurements revealed discrepancies dimensions xy-plane along z-axis, consistent with observed shift resonant frequency. Despite these variations, reasonably good agreement between RF-simulated measured results was achieved, DRA array successfully covered intended mmWave band. However, challenges achieving high precision may restrict applications higher bands. Nevertheless, compared conventional methods, FDM techniques offer highly accessible flexible solution range materials home micro-manufacturing modern

Language: Английский

Influence of Adding Conductive Materials and Integrating Bio Electrochemical Systems on the Efficiency of Anaerobic Digestion

Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 143 - 143

Published: Dec. 27, 2024

This study explores the impact of incorporating conductive materials and bioelectrochemical systems (BES) on efficiency anaerobic digestion (AD) sewage sludge. The research consists two phases: biodegradability tests using 3D-printed polylactic acid-based fillers (PLA/Carbon Black PLA/Graphene) semi-continuous assays integrating an external BES into AD process. Results from indicate that enhance around 50% methane production during start-up phase, with microbial communities adapting over time to reduce variability in yields. Moreover, as experiment progressed, yields digesters without became equal. Semi-continuous experiments demonstrate integration improves process stability by achieving a 5–10% improvement amount biogas throughout entire operation, even under high organic loads, facilitating diverse electron transfer pathways. challenges operation highlight need for optimized designs ensure scalability. Microbial analyses reveal application shifts methanogenic pathways, favouring acetoclastic methanogenesis. Overall, findings underscore potential improve quality production, contributing sustainable wastewater management renewable energy generation.

Language: Английский