Disparities in particulate matter (PM<sub>10</sub>) origins and oxidative potential at a city scale (Grenoble, France) – Part 1: Source apportionment at three neighbouring sites

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(7), P. 5415 - 5437

Published: April 8, 2021

Abstract. A fine-scale source apportionment of PM10 was conducted in three different urban sites (background, hyper-center, and peri-urban) within 15 km the city Grenoble, France using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF 5.0) on measured chemical species from collected filters (24 h) February 2017 to March 2018. To improve PMF solution, several new organic tracers (3-MBTCA, pinic acid, phthalic MSA, cellulose) were additionally used order identify sources that are commonly unresolved by classic methodologies. An 11-factor solution obtained all sites, including identified primary traffic (13 %), nitrate-rich (17 sulfate-rich industrial (1 biomass burning (22 aged sea salt (4 sea/road (3 mineral dust (7 newly found biogenic secondary oxidation (10 MSA-rich %). Generally, exhibiting similar temporal trends strong correlations showed uniformly distributed emission Grenoble basin. The improved model able obtain differentiate profiles specific even at high proximity receptor locations, confirming its applicability a resolution. In test similarities between PMF-resolved sources, Pearson distance standardized identity (PD-SID) factors each site compared. PD-SID metric determined whether given is homogeneous (i.e., with profiles) or heterogeneous over thereby allowing better discrimination localized characteristics sources. Overall, addition allowed identification substantial (especially SOA fraction) would not have been possibly mixed other factors, resulting an enhanced resolution sound profile air quality scale.

Language: Английский

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Source apportionment of atmospheric PM<sub>10</sub> oxidative potential: synthesis of 15 year-round urban datasets in France

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(14), P. 11353 - 11378

Published: July 28, 2021

Abstract. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) carried or induced by particulate matter (PM) are suspected of inducing oxidative stress in vivo, leading to adverse health impacts such as respiratory cardiovascular diseases. The potential (OP) PM, displaying the ability PM oxidize lung environment, is gaining strong interest examining risks associated with exposure. In this study, OP was measured two different acellular assays (dithiothreitol, DTT, and ascorbic acid, AA) on PM10 filter samples from 15 yearly time series filters collected at 14 locations France between 2013 2018, including urban, traffic Alpine valley site typologies. A detailed chemical speciation also performed same samples, allowing source apportionment using positive matrix factorization (PMF) for each series, a total number more than 1700 samples. This study then provides large-scale synthesis coupled PMF multiple linear regression (MLR) models. primary road traffic, biomass burning, dust, MSA-rich, biogenic sources had distinct redox activity towards OPDTT assay, whereas burning only display significant OPAA assay. daily median contribution highlighted dominant influence source. Both contributed evenly observed OPAA. Therefore, it appears clear that residential wood main target be prioritized order decrease significantly western Europe and, if good proxy human impact, lower

Language: Английский

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Impacts of severe residential wood burning on atmospheric processing, water-soluble organic aerosol and light absorption, in an inland city of Southeastern Europe

Atmospheric Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 280, P. 119139 - 119139

Published: May 2, 2022

Language: Английский

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Aerosol characterization and peculiarities of source apportionment in Moscow, the largest and northernmost European megacity

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 918, P. 170315 - 170315

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

Language: Английский

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Nine-year trends of PM₁₀ sources and oxidative potential in a rural background site in France

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(13), P. 8701 - 8723

Published: July 6, 2022

Abstract. Long-term monitoring at sites with relatively low particulate pollution could provide an opportunity to identify changes in pollutant concentration and potential effects of current air quality policies. In this study, 9-year sampling PM10 (particles aerodynamic diameter below 10 µm) was performed a rural background site France (Observatoire Pérenne de l'Environnement or OPE) from 28 February 2012 22 December 2020. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) method used apportion sources based on quantified chemical constituents specific tracers analysed collected filters. Oxidative (OP), emerging health metric that measures PM capability potentially cause anti-oxidant imbalance the lung, also measured using two acellular assays: dithiothreitol (DTT) ascorbic acid (AA). OP were estimated multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis. terms mass contribution, dominant are secondary aerosols (nitrate- sulfate-rich) associated long-range transport (LRT). However, contributions, main drivers traffic, mineral dust, biomass burning factors. There is some contribution apportioned sulfate- nitrate-rich influenced by processes ageing during LRT have encouraged mixing other anthropogenic sources. study indicates much lower values than urban areas. A substantial decrease (58 % reduction year 2020) contributions traffic factor found, even though not clearly reflected its contribution. Nevertheless, findings long-term OPE indicate effectiveness implemented emission control policies, as seen studies conducted Europe, mainly for

Language: Английский

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Revisiting Total Particle Number Measurements for Vehicle Exhaust Regulations

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 155 - 155

Published: Jan. 18, 2022

Road transport significantly contributes to air pollution in cities. Emission regulations have led reduced emissions modern vehicles. Particle are controlled by a particulate matter (PM) mass and solid particle number (SPN) limit. There concerns that the SPN limit does not effectively control all relevant species there instances of semi-volatile order magnitudes higher than emission levels. This overview discusses whether new metric (total particles, i.e., solids volatiles) should be introduced for effective regulation vehicle emissions. Initially, it summarizes recent findings on contribution road concentration levels Then, both total from vehicles presented adverse health effects volatile particles briefly discussed. Finally, open issues regarding an appropriate methodology (sampling instrumentation) achieve representative reproducible results summarized. The main finding this is that, even though sampling quantification feasible, details its realization regulatory context lacking. It important define dilution, measurement instrumentation, sizes, etc.) conduct inter-laboratory exercises determine reproducibility proposed method. also necessary monitor according method understand current possible future With better understanding formation nucleation mode will identify culprits (e.g., fuel, lubricant, combustion, or aftertreatment operation). Then solutions can enforced right decisions taken need initiatives, example addition tailpipe, decrease specific organic precursors, inorganic precursors NH3, SOx), revision fuel lubricant specifications.

Language: Английский

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Investigation of four-year chemical composition and organic aerosol sources of submicron particles at the ATOLL site in northern France

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 330, P. 121805 - 121805

Published: May 10, 2023

This study presents the first long-term online measurements of submicron (PM1) particles at ATOLL (ATmospheric Observations in liLLe) platform, northern France. The ongoing using an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) started end 2016 and analysis presented here spans through December 2020. At this site, mean PM1 concentration is 10.6 μg m-3, dominated by organic aerosols (OA, 42.3%) followed nitrate (28.9%), ammonium (12.3%), sulfate (8.6%), black carbon (BC, 8.0%). Large seasonal variations concentrations are observed, with high during cold seasons, associated pollution episodes (e.g. over 100 m-3 January 2017). To OA origins multiannual dataset we performed source apportionment rolling positive matrix factorization (PMF), yielding two primary factors, a traffic-related hydrocarbon-like (HOA) biomass-burning (BBOA), oxygenated (OOA) factors. HOA showed homogeneous contribution to throughout seasons (11.8%), while BBOA varied from 8.1% (summer) 18.5% (winter), latter residential wood combustion. OOA factors were distinguished between their less more oxidized fractions (LO-OOA MO-OOA, on average contributing 32% 42%, respectively). During winter, LO-OOA identified as aged biomass burning, so least half combustion season. Furthermore, also predominant aerosol component cold-weather - fertilizer usage traffic emissions. provides comprehensive sources recently established site France observations, depicting complex interaction anthropogenic natural sources, leading different mechanisms air quality degradation region across seasons.

Language: Английский

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Impact of peri-urban forest fires on air quality and aerosol optical and chemical properties: The case of the August 2021 wildfires in Athens, Greece

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 907, P. 168028 - 168028

Published: Oct. 29, 2023

Language: Английский

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Deriving composition-dependent aerosol absorption, scattering and extinction mass efficiencies from multi-annual high time resolution observations in Northern France

Atmospheric Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 298, P. 119613 - 119613

Published: Jan. 26, 2023

The wide range of sources and complex (trans)formation processes aerosol particles lead to strong spatial temporal variability in their physical, chemical optical properties. Their accurate representation is essential assess impacts, notably on climate. Here, we investigate for the first time properties relation fine particle composition Northern France, based a multi-annual situ dataset. Real-time submicron measurements at ATOLL (ATmospheric Observations liLLe) site have shown that ammonium nitrate contributes about 36% total mass, being predominant species regarding extinction 525 nm (35%). Yet, organics are responsible 22% absorption UV (370 nm), pointing significant contribution Brown Carbon. Furthermore, our study highlights need site-specific values correctly impact different extinction. It also sheds light relevancy widespread combined physical observations better estimate role climate, particularly reducing uncertainties future scenarios mitigation strategies.

Language: Английский

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Response of atmospheric composition to COVID-19 lockdown measures during spring in the Paris region (France)

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(22), P. 17167 - 17183

Published: Nov. 25, 2021

Abstract. Since early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to lockdowns at national scales. These resulted in large cuts of atmospheric pollutant emissions, notably related vehicular traffic source, especially during spring 2020. As a result, air quality changed manners that are still currently under investigation. The robust quantitative assessment impact lockdown measures on ambient concentrations is however hindered by weather variability. In order circumvent this difficulty, an innovative methodology been developed. Analog Application for Air Quality (A3Q) method based comparison each day group analog days having similar meteorological conditions. A3Q successfully evaluated and applied comprehensive situ dataset primary secondary pollutants obtained SIRTA observatory, suburban background site megacity Paris (France). overall slight decrease submicron particulate matter (PM1) (−14 %) compared business-as-usual conditions conceals contrasting behaviors. Primary tracers (NOx traffic-related carbonaceous aerosols) dropped 42 %–66 % period. Further, enabled us characterize changes triggered NOx decreases. Particulate nitrate organic aerosols (SOAs), two main springtime aerosol components northwestern Europe, decreased −45 −25 %, respectively. A relationship emphasizes interest mitigation policies regional (i.e., city) scale, although long-range pollution advection sporadically overcompensated Variations oxidation state SOA suggest discrepancies formation processes. At same time, expected ozone increase (+20 underlines negative feedback NO titration. results provide quasi-comprehensive observation-based insight regarding future low-carbon urban areas.

Language: Английский

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