Avalanche Multiplication in Two-Dimensional Layered Materials: Principles and Applications

Nanomaterials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 636 - 636

Published: April 22, 2025

The avalanche multiplication effect, capable of significantly amplifying weak optical or electrical signals, plays a pivotal role in enhancing the performance electronic and optoelectronic devices. This effect has been widely employed devices such as photodiodes, impact ionization transit time diode, field-effect transistors, enabling diverse applications biomedical imaging, 3D LIDAR, high-frequency microwave circuits, fiber communications. However, evolving demands these fields require with superior performance, including lower power consumption, reduced threshold energy, higher efficiency, improved sensitivity. Over years, significant efforts have directed towards exploring novel device architectures mechanisms. emergence two-dimensional (2D) materials, characterized by their exceptional light-matter interaction, tunable bandgaps, ease forming junctions, opened up new avenues for developing high-performance review provides an overview carrier mechanisms key metrics We discuss several structures leveraging along properties. Furthermore, we highlight representative logic components, neuromorphic computing systems. By synthesizing principles this aims to offer insightful perspectives on future research directions 2D material-based

Language: Английский

Photoluminescence for Biosensing and Diagnostics

Engineering materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 121 - 144

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Optical Detection Techniques for Biomedical Sensing: A Review of Printed Circuit Board (PCB)-Based Lab-on-Chip Systems

Micromachines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 564 - 564

Published: May 8, 2025

Lab on Printed Circuit Boards (Lab-on-PCB) technology has emerged as a promising platform, offering miniaturization, integration, and cost-effective fabrication for wide range of sensing applications. This review explores the most common optical detection techniques implemented printed circuit boards (PCBs), including absorbance, fluorescence, chemiluminescence, discussing their working principles, advantages, limitations in context PCB-based sensing. Additionally, evanescent wave generation is considered an alternative approach with benefits specific Elements such excitation sources, photodetectors, distinguishing characteristics each method are analyzed to provide comprehensive, but concise, overview field. Emphasis placed how PCB platform influences performance, sensitivity, feasibility these methods, highlighting relevant design considerations. work aims solid foundation researchers interested within this technology, serving reference future developments applications detection.

Language: Английский