Metabolic syndrome, its components, and gastrointestinal cancer risk: a meta‐analysis of 31 prospective cohorts and Mendelian randomization study

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39(4), P. 630 - 641

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Abstract Background and Aim Cohort studies have linked metabolic syndrome (MetS) to gastrointestinal (GI) cancer risk. We aimed evaluate the associations between MetS, its components, combinations of MetS components with eight GI cancers Methods conducted a systematic search prospective cohort performed meta‐analysis. Subgroup analyses regarding diagnostic criteria, sex, sites, histological subtypes, ethnic groups, adjusted for alcohol consumption were carried out. Mendelian randomization (MR) was employed causality 17 MetS‐related traits among Europeans Asians separately. Results Meta‐analyses 31 indicated that significantly associated an increased risk colorectal (CRC) (RR [95% CI] = 1.13 [1.12–1.15]), esophageal (EC) 1.17 [1.03–1.32]), gallbladder (GBC) 1.37[1.10–1.71]), liver (LC) 1.46 [1.29–1.64]), pancreatic (PaC) 1.25 [1.20–1.30]), but not gastric (GC) 1.11 [0.96–1.28]). Regarding risk, following showed statistical significance: obesity‐CRC/LC/EC/, hypertriglyceridemia‐LC/PaC, reduced high‐density lipoprotein (HDL)‐CRC/LC/GC/PaC, hyperglycemia‐CRC/LC/PaC, hypertension‐CRC/LC/EC/PaC. Sex‐specific observed individual on Among top three common in both sexes, obesity + HTN hyperglycemia had strongest association CRC 1.54 [1.49–1.61] males 1.27 [1.21–1.33] females). MR revealed 16 exposure–outcome pairs: waist‐to‐hip ratio/BMI/HbA1c‐CRC; BMI/childhood obesity/waist circumference/T2DM/glucose‐EC; BMI/waist circumference/cholesterol‐LC; cholesterol/childhood circumference/HbA1c‐PaC; HbA1c‐GBC. These results robust against sensitivity analyses. Conclusions Since is reversible, lifestyle changes or medical interventions targeting patients might be potential prevention strategies cancers.

Language: Английский

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Hepatitis B virus‐related hepatocellular carcinoma exhibits distinct intratumoral microbiota and immune microenvironment signatures

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 96(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract Emerging evidence supports a high prevalence of cancer type‐specific microbiota residing within tumor tissues. The intratumoral microbiome in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), especially viral (hepatitis B virus [HBV]/hepatitis C [HCV]) HCC, has not been well characterized for their existence, composition, distribution, and biological functions. We report herein finding specific microbial signature HCC as compared to non‐HBV/non‐HCV (NBNC) HCC. However, the significantly diverse was only observed HBV‐related Cutibacterium identified representative taxa biomarker. Biological function unique modulating microenvironment (TME) by using formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissue‐based multiplex immunofluorescence histochemistry (mIFH) allowing simultaneous situ detection liver cells surrounded with high/low density microbiota, infiltrating immune cells. In HBV_HCC, are positively associated increased tumor‐infiltrating CD8+ T lymphocytes, but CD56+ NK Two subtypes myeloid‐derived suppressor (MDSCs): monocytic MDSCs polymorphonuclear MDSCs, were also found be correlated indicating an inhibitory role these species antitumor immunity contribution TME combination chronic hepatitis during development.

Language: Английский

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Evolving global etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): Insights and trends for 2024.

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 102406 - 102406

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Histone lactylation facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma progression by upregulating endothelial cell‐specific molecule 1 expression

Molecular Carcinogenesis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 63(11), P. 2078 - 2089

Published: July 17, 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor. Histone lactylation, novel epigenetic modification, plays crucial role in various cancers. However, the functional and underlying mechanism of histone lactylation HCC progression have not yet been investigated. levels tissues cells were assessed using densitometric kit western blot analysis. The cell phenotypes was determined through assays vitro, xenograft tumor model established to verify function vivo. ChIP assay performed explore interaction between endothelial cell-specific molecule 1 (ESM1). Additionally, gain-and-loss-of-function conducted investigate regulatory ESM1 pathogenesis. increased cells, H3K9 (H3K9la) H3K56 (H3K56la) identified as modification sites. We observed that H3K9la H3K56la caused abnormal associated with poor prognosis. Functionally, found promote proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process vitro. inhibition 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) reduced cells. In vivo, 2-DG treatment growth metastasis mouse model. Mechanistically, it revealed activated transcription expressed at high level exerted carcinogenic role. facilitates phenotypes, growth, by upregulating expression HCC, which reveals downstream molecular might provide therapeutic target for therapy.

Language: Английский

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Ochratoxin A and Its Role in Cancer Development: A Comprehensive Review

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(20), P. 3473 - 3473

Published: Oct. 14, 2024

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is widely recognized for its broad spectrum of toxic effects and classified as a potential human carcinogen, placed in group 2B by the International Agency Research on Cancer (IARC). Its presence food beverages poses significant health hazard. Extensive research has documented efficient absorption distribution OTA throughout body via bloodstream tissues, underscoring associated risk. Additionally, ongoing studies aim to clarify link between exposure carcinogenesis. The obtained results indicate strong correlation renal cell carcinoma (RCC), with associations other malignancies, including hepatocellular (HCC), gallbladder cancer (GBC), squamous (SCC). implicated oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis, DNA damage, adduct formation, miRNA deregulation, distributions cycle, all which may contribute

Language: Английский

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A Novel Nomogram to Predict Prognosis in Elderly Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients After Ablation Therapy

Journal of Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 11, P. 901 - 911

Published: May 1, 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the predominant form of primary liver cancer. Early diagnosis crucial for improving prognosis. Elderly HCC patients often have underlying diseases such as chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis, leading to impaired function suboptimal reserve. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has rapidly become one most important methods treating early-stage hepatocellular (EHCC) due its advantages, including minimal trauma, short operation time, less intraoperative bleeding, quick postoperative recovery, cost-effectiveness, few postoperative-complications. However, prognostic model early recurrence after local in elderly EHCC not been widely evaluated. We developed a RFA patients. This expected provide new warning system preventing patients, prolonging patient's life, overall quality life.

Language: Английский

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The Burden of Hepatitis B and C in Asia, 1990–2019: An Update Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Liver International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 45(2)

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

This research was aimed to uncover the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and C (HCV) related diseases burden in Asia over past 3 decades, estimating from Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Age-standardised rates, case numbers prevalence, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), incidence deaths with 95% uncertainty intervals (UI) for HBV/HCV-related 1990 2019 were derived GBD database, estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) calculated. Our analysis also encompassed association between Sociodemographic Index (SDI) diseases, future disease predictions six selected countries various risk factors. A general downward trend age-standardised rates death, life years prevalence both HBV HCV-related observed during 30 years. Despite overall declining trends, some analysed experienced an increase. Compared females, greater male population peaked age 50-54 sexes. It is significant HBV-related Afghanistan, Cambodia, Mongolia Pakistan. Drug use smoking prominent contributors HCV diseases. There a negative relationship SDI. Although decreases Asia, HBV- HCV-associated remained high, highlighting that imperative measures prevention treatment should be taken by governments Asia.

Language: Английский

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The sex differences in diseases progression and prognosis among persons with HIV and HBV coinfection

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

To investigate sex differences in liver disease development and prognosis individuals with HIV HBV co-infection. This study comprised 752 HIV/HBV co-infected people who were diagnosed started on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) between January 31st, 2015 2023. Their clinical data, including CD4+ T lymphocyte counts, HBV-DNA, FIB-4 scores, tracked once a year. The was determined during the long-term surveillance period. Risk factors related progression of diseases included both univariable multivariable logistic regression. Then, changes fibrosis levels, investigated. Multivariable regression analysis identified male as an independent risk factor for progression. Compared to group, female group had significantly greater decline DNA levels at years 1, 2, 3, 3–5, > 5 post-cART. At each assessment point, showed rise counts than based their respective baseline values. Furthermore, females lower prevalence cirrhosis males throughout female, higher incidence end-stage-liver (1.190/100 person-years vs 0.714/100 person-years), all-cause mortality (0.440/100 0.148/100 person-years) associated (0.273/100 0.074/100 found male. Among coinfection, worse therapeutic effect HBV-active poorer females.

Language: Английский

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Novel role of general transcript factor IIH subunit 2 (GTF2H2) in the development and sex disparity of hepatocellular carcinoma

Oncogene, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Language: Английский

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Global, regional and country burden of high BMI-related liver cancer among individuals aged above 70: trends from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2044

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 20, 2025

Background Liver cancer (LC) is a major global health concern, being the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Older adults are more susceptible, though mortality rates for those over 70 declining. However, disability from non-communicable diseases remains high. High body mass index (BMI) notable risk factor LC, with high BMI-related liver (HB-LC) concern. Methods This study utilized Global Burden Disease (GBD) 2021 dataset to assess impact HB-LC on individuals aged and older 1990 2021, forecasts extending 2044. burden across socio-demographic (SDI) regions was evaluated using age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Joinpoint regression age-period-cohort models were used analyze DALY trends demographic influences, decomposition analysis assessed effects population aging, growth, epidemiological shifts. Results Our findings revealed significant geographical disparities in mortality, East Asia, Southeast parts West Africa showing highest rates. DALYs increased by 2.49% annually, low SDI experiencing recent acceleration. Gender disparity persisted, males facing steeper rise burden. Age-related peaked 80–89 age groups, complex patterns regions. Epidemiological changes primarily drove regions, while growth Conclusion data underscores necessity region-specific public strategies demographic-focused interventions, enhancing surveillance targeting efforts mitigate increasing among adults.

Language: Английский

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