The Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Activities of Natural Products to Control Autoimmune Inflammation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 95 - 95

Published: Dec. 21, 2022

Inflammation is an integral part of autoimmune diseases, which are caused by dysregulation the immune system. This involves imbalance between pro-inflammatory versus anti-inflammatory mediators. These mediators include various cytokines and chemokines; defined subsets T helper/T regulatory cells, M1/M2 macrophages, activating/tolerogenic dendritic antibody-producing/regulatory B cells. Despite availability many anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory drugs, severe adverse reactions associated with their long-term use often high costs impediments in effectively controlling disease process. Accordingly, suitable alternatives being sought for these conventional drugs. Natural products offer promising adjuncts/alternatives this regard. The specific compounds isolated from dietary/medicinal plant extracts have permitted rigorous studies on disease-modulating activities mechanisms involved therein. Here, we describe basic characteristics, action, preventive/therapeutic applications 5 well-characterized natural product (Resveratrol, Curcumin, Boswellic acids, Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, Triptolide). been tested extensively animal models autoimmunity as well limited clinical trials patients having corresponding diseases. We focused our description predominantly cell-mediated such rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, Type 1 diabetes, ulcerative colitis, psoriasis.

Language: Английский

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Oxidative stress in the eye and its role in the pathophysiology of ocular diseases

Redox Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 68, P. 102967 - 102967

Published: Nov. 18, 2023

Oxidative stress occurs through an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense mechanisms cells. The eye is particularly exposed to oxidative because its permanent exposure light due several structures having high metabolic activities. anterior part highly ultraviolet (UV) radiation possesses a complex system protect retina from UV radiation. posterior exhibits rates consumption leading subsequently production rate ROS. Furthermore, inflammation, aging, genetic factors, environmental pollution, are all elements promoting ROS impairing thereby representing risk factors stress. An abnormal redox status was shown be involved in pathophysiology various ocular diseases segment eye. In this review, we aim summarize provide updated understanding on pathogenesis common affecting surface, lens, retina, optic nerve. Moreover, discuss potential therapeutic approaches aimed at reducing context.

Language: Английский

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Implications of hydrogen sulfide in colorectal cancer: Mechanistic insights and diagnostic and therapeutic strategies

Redox Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 59, P. 102601 - 102601

Published: Jan. 7, 2023

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important signaling molecule in colorectal cancer (CRC). It produced the colon by catalytic synthesis of colonocytes' enzymatic systems and release intestinal microbes, oxidatively metabolized mitochondria. Both endogenous H2S colonic epithelial cells exogenous lumen contribute to onset progression CRC. The up-regulation synthetases thought be cause elevated levels CRC cells. Different diagnostic probes combination therapies, as well tumor treatment approaches through modulation, have been developed recent years become active area investigation for diagnosis In this review, we focus on specific mechanisms production oxidative metabolism function occurrence, progression, diagnosis, We also discuss present challenges provide insights into future research burgeoning field.

Language: Английский

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The Potential of Flavonoids and Flavonoid Metabolites in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Pathology in Disorders of Cognitive Decline

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 663 - 663

Published: March 7, 2023

Flavonoids are a biodiverse family of dietary compounds that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antibacterial cell protective profiles. They received considerable attention as potential therapeutic agents in biomedicine been widely used traditional complimentary medicine for generations. Such medical herbal formulations extremely complex mixtures many pharmacologically active provide outcome through network pharmacological effects complexity. Methods emerging to determine the components their targets decipher complexities how pharmacology provides such effects. The gut microbiome has important roles play generation bioactive flavonoid metabolites retaining or exceeding antioxidative anti-inflammatory properties intact and, some cases, new antitumor antineurodegenerative bioactivities. Certain food items identified with high prebiotic profiles suggesting neutraceutical supplementation may be beneficially employed preserve healthy population bacterial symbiont species minimize establishment harmful pathogenic organisms. Gut health is an consideration effecting overall wellbeing linked organ systems. Bioconversion generates can also transported by vagus nerve systemic circulation brain populations exert beneficial effect. This particularly number neurological disorders (autism, bipolar disorder, AD, PD) characterized on moods, resulting depression anxiety, impaired motor function, long-term cognitive decline. Native flavonoids alleviation inflammation tissues, however, concerns raised levels not achieved, thus allowing them display optimal Dietary manipulation vagal stimulation both yielded responses treatment autism spectrum disorders, depression, establishing route communication gut-brain axis established disease intervention. While native known penetrate blood–brain barrier, microbiome-generated (e.g., protocatechuic acid, urolithins, γ-valerolactones), which retain antioxidant potency addition promote mitochondrial cerebrovascular microcapillary should considered biotherapeutic agents. Studies warranted experimentally examine efficacy directly, they emerge novel options.

Language: Английский

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NF-κB Pathway and Its Inhibitors: A Promising Frontier in the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 2587 - 2587

Published: Sept. 21, 2023

The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway has emerged as a pivotal player in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including neurodegenerative illnesses like Alzheimer’s disease (AD). involvement NF-κB immune system responses, inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal survival highlights its significance AD progression. We discuss advantages inhibition, potential to mitigate neuroinflammation, modulate amyloid beta (Aβ) production, promote survival. However, we also acknowledge limitations challenges associated with this approach. Balancing fine line between dampening inflammation preserving physiological responses is critical avoid unintended consequences. This review combines current knowledge on pathway’s intricate pathogenesis, emphasizing therapeutic target. By evaluating both limitations, provide holistic view feasibility modulation treatment. As quest for effective therapies continues, an in-depth understanding multifaceted roles will guide development targeted interventions improve management.

Language: Английский

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Longevity and anti-aging effects of curcumin supplementation

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46(3), P. 2933 - 2950

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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The beneficial effects of curcumin on aging and age-related diseases: from oxidative stress to antioxidant mechanisms, brain health and apoptosis

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Aging and age-related disease are among the most common challenging issues worldwide. During aging process, accumulation of oxidative stress, DNA damage, telomere dysfunction, other related changes lead to cellular dysfunction development diseases such as neurodegenerative cardiovascular conditions. Curcumin is a widely-used dietary supplement against various cancer, diabetes, aging. This agent mediates its effects through several mechanisms, including reduction reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress-induced well modulation subcellular signaling pathways AMPK, AKT/mTOR, NF-κB. These involved in senescence inflammation, their can improve cell function help prevent disease. In induce apoptosis variety different tumor lines. also activates redox reactions within cells inducing ROS production that leads upregulation receptors on membrane. upregulate expression activity p53 inhibits proliferation increases apoptosis. Furthermore, curcumin has potent inhibitory effect nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) , which overexpression antiapoptosis genes Bcl-2 . It attenuate regulation phosphoinositide 3-kinases ( PI3K ) increase mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) endogenous ROS. Therefore, herein, we aim summarize how affect epigenetic processes (such stress) order change aging-related mechanisms. discuss roles diseases, Alzheimer, Parkinson, osteoporosis, diseases.

Language: Английский

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Bioinformatics and Deep Learning Approach to Discover Food-Derived Active Ingredients for Alzheimer’s Disease Therapy

Foods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 127 - 127

Published: Jan. 4, 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) prevention is a critical challenge for aging societies, necessitating the exploration of food ingredients and whole foods as potential therapeutic agents. This study aimed to identify natural compounds (NCs) with in AD using an innovative bioinformatics-integrated deep neural analysis approach, combining computational predictions molecular docking vitro experiments comprehensive evaluation. We employed NCs Disease Discovery (BioDeepNat) application data collected from chemical databases. Random forest regression models were utilized predict IC50 (pIC50) values ligands interacting AD-related target proteins, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), amyloid precursor protein (APP), beta-secretase 1 (BACE1), microtubule-associated tau (MAPT), presenilin-1 (PSEN1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, valosin-containing (VCP). Their activities then validated through Autodock Vina. Predictions by identified 166 effects on across seven demonstrating outstanding recall performance. The top five sources these predicted black walnut, safflower, ginger, fig, corn, pepper. Statistical clustering methodologies segregated into six well-defined groups, each characterized convergent structural signatures. systematic examination structure–activity relationships uncovered differential patterns among clusters, illuminating sophisticated correlation between properties biological activity. Notably, high activity, such astragalin, dihydromyricetin, coumarin, medium luteolin, showed promising improving cell survival reducing lipid peroxidation TNF-α expression levels PC12 cells treated lipopolysaccharide. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate efficacy bioinformatics networks expedite discovery previously unidentified food-derived active intervention.

Language: Английский

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Epigallocatechin 3-gallate-induced neuroprotection in neurodegenerative diseases: molecular mechanisms and clinical insights

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Abstract Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are caused by progressive neuronal death and cognitive decline. Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) is a polyphenolic molecule in green tea as neuroprotective agent. This review evaluates the therapeutic effects of EGCG explores molecular mechanisms that show its properties. protects neurons several ways, such lowering oxidative stress, stopping Aβ from aggregation together, changing cell signaling pathways, decreasing inflammation. Furthermore, it promotes autophagy improves mitochondrial activity, supporting survival. Clinical studies have demonstrated supplementation can reduce neurodegenerative biomarkers enhance function. provides insights into potential treating various NDs. reduces stress scavenging free radicals enhancing antioxidant enzyme aiding defense. It also abilities inhibiting toxicity peptides. changes important pathways like Nrf2, PI3K/Akt, MAPK, which necessary for survival, death, Additionally, has strong anti-inflammatory properties because inhibits microglial activation downregulates pro-inflammatory cytokines. function reducing increasing ATP synthesis, promoting biogenesis, neurons’ survival energy metabolism. In addition, triggers autophagy, cellular process breaks down recycles damaged proteins organelles, eliminating neurotoxic aggregates maintaining homeostasis. Moreover, holds significant promise an ND treatment, but future research should focus on bioavailability understanding long-term clinical effects. Future improving delivery settings. potentially be agent managing NDs, indicating need further research.

Language: Английский

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Green Tea Polyphenol (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG): A Time for a New Player in the Treatment of Respiratory Diseases?

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 1566 - 1566

Published: Aug. 13, 2022

(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a major polyphenol of green tea that possesses wide variety actions. EGCG acts as strong antioxidant which effectively scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibits pro-oxidant enzymes including NADPH oxidase, activates systems superoxide dismutase, catalase, or glutathione, and reduces abundant production nitric oxide metabolites by inducible synthase. ECGC also exerts potent anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, pro-apoptotic, anti-tumorous, metabolic effects via modulation intracellular signaling cascades. Based on this knowledge, the use could be benefit in respiratory diseases with acute chronic inflammatory, oxidative, fibrotizing processes their pathogenesis. This article reviews current information biological those animal models has been administered, i.e., distress syndrome, infections, COVID-19, bronchial asthma, obstructive pulmonary disease, lung fibrosis, silicosis, cancer, hypertension, embolism, critically discusses effectiveness administration these disorders. For review, articles English language from PubMed database were used.

Language: Английский

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