Inflammopharmacology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
32(6), P. 3943 - 3952
Published: Aug. 11, 2024
The
successful
treatment
of
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
is
still
a
big
challenge.
Rivastigmine
one
the
most
used
drugs
for
AD.
short
half-life,
lower
bioavailability,
and
less
concentration
drug
in
brain
after
oral
delivery
are
considered
main
drawbacks
rivastigmine.
To
improve
these
drawbacks,
nanostructure-mediated
has
gained
more
attention.
This
study
investigates
effect
rivastigmine-loaded
optimized
chitosan
nano-particles
(RS-CSNPs)
as
polymeric
nano-carriers
by
different
administration
routes
(oral
intranasal)
on
aluminum
chloride
(AlCl
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(9), P. 2488 - 2488
Published: Sept. 7, 2023
Mitochondria
play
a
vital
role
in
maintaining
cellular
energy
homeostasis,
regulating
apoptosis,
and
controlling
redox
signaling.
Dysfunction
of
mitochondria
has
been
implicated
the
pathogenesis
various
brain
diseases,
including
neurodegenerative
disorders,
stroke,
psychiatric
illnesses.
This
review
paper
provides
comprehensive
overview
intricate
relationship
between
disease,
focusing
on
underlying
pathological
mechanisms
exploring
potential
therapeutic
opportunities.
The
covers
key
topics
such
as
mitochondrial
DNA
mutations,
impaired
oxidative
phosphorylation,
dynamics,
calcium
dysregulation,
reactive
oxygen
species
generation
context
disease.
Additionally,
it
discusses
emerging
strategies
targeting
dysfunction,
protective
agents,
metabolic
modulators,
gene
therapy
approaches.
By
critically
analysing
existing
literature
recent
advancements,
this
aims
to
enhance
our
understanding
multifaceted
disease
shed
light
novel
interventions.
Phytotherapy Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
38(6), P. 3169 - 3189
Published: April 14, 2024
Abstract
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
is
a
progressive
neurodegenerative
disorder
characterized
by
the
accumulation
of
amyloid‐beta
plaques
and
neurofibrillary
tangles,
leading
to
neuronal
loss.
Curcumin,
polyphenolic
compound
derived
from
Curcuma
longa
,
has
shown
potential
neuroprotective
effects
due
its
anti‐inflammatory
antioxidant
properties.
This
review
aims
synthesize
current
preclinical
data
on
anti‐neuroinflammatory
mechanisms
curcumin
in
context
AD,
addressing
pharmacokinetics,
bioavailability,
as
therapeutic
adjunct.
An
exhaustive
literature
search
was
conducted,
focusing
recent
studies
within
last
10
years
related
curcumin's
impact
neuroinflammation
role
AD.
The
methodology
included
sourcing
articles
specialized
databases
using
specific
medical
subject
headings
terms
ensure
precision
relevance.
Curcumin
demonstrates
significant
properties
modulating
neuroinflammatory
pathways,
scavenging
reactive
oxygen
species,
inhibiting
production
pro‐inflammatory
cytokines.
Despite
potential,
challenges
remain
regarding
limited
bioavailability
scarcity
comprehensive
human
clinical
trials.
emerges
promising
adjunct
AD
multimodal
benefits.
However,
further
research
required
overcome
establish
effective
dosing
regimens
subjects.
Developing
novel
delivery
systems
formulations
may
enhance
treatment.
Future Science OA,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: Jan. 31, 2025
Alzheimer's
disease
is
a
developing
public
health
concern
in
aging
communities
that
affects
sizable
section
of
the
global
population.
The
risk
increases
with
age;
it
one-third
males
and
two-thirds
women.
This
research
attempts
to
assess
effect
nano-selenium
thymoquinone
on
Nrf2
gene
expression
levels
(AD).
There
were
five
identical
groups
50
albino
male
rats:
control
group
was
healthy;
an
AD
positive
group;
received
(5
mg/kg);
(2
both.
duration
treatment
4
weeks.
brain
tissues
evaluated
using
real-time
PCR.
mean
nano-selenium-treated
rats,
thymoquinone-treated
rats
given
both
treatments
all
increased
significantly
compared
no
treatment.
study
showed
elevated
AD.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(3), P. 1130 - 1130
Published: Jan. 28, 2025
Oxidative
stress
plays
a
role
in
various
pathophysiological
diseases,
including
neurogenerative
such
as
Alzheimer′s
disease
(AD),
which
is
the
most
prevalent
neuro-pathology
aging
population.
has
been
reported
to
be
one
of
earliest
pathological
alterations
AD.
Additionally,
it
was
demonstrated
that
older
adults,
there
loss
free
radical
scavenging
ability.
The
Nrf2
transcription
factor
key
regulator
antioxidant
defense
systems,
but,
with
aging,
both
amount
and
transcriptional
activity
decrease.
With
available
treatments
for
AD
being
poorly
effective,
reinforcing
systems
via
pathway
may
way
prevent
treat
To
highlight
predominant
signaling
defending
against
oxidative
and,
therefore,
neurotoxicity,
we
present
an
overview
natural
compounds
exert
their
own
neuroprotective
roles
through
activation
pathway.
This
review
opportunity
promote
holistic
approach
treatment
need
further
refine
development
new
potential
Nrf2-targeting
drugs.
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
67(2), P. 1580 - 1610
Published: Jan. 8, 2024
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
has
a
complex
and
not-fully-understood
etiology.
Recently,
the
serotonin
receptor
5-HT6
emerged
as
promising
target
for
AD
treatment;
thus,
here
new
series
of
5-HT6R
ligands
with
1,3,5-triazine
core
selenoether
linkers
was
explored.
Among
them,
2-naphthyl
derivatives
exhibited
strong
affinity
selectivity
over
5-HT1AR
(13–15),
5-HT7R
(14
15),
5-HT2AR
(13).
Compound
15
displayed
high
other
central
nervous
system
receptors
low
risk
cardio-,
hepato-,
nephrotoxicity
no
mutagenicity,
indicating
its
"drug-like"
potential.
also
demonstrated
neuroprotection
against
rotenone-induced
neurotoxicity
well
antioxidant
glutathione
peroxidase
(GPx)-like
activity
regulated
pro-inflammatory
genes
NRF2
nuclear
translocation.
In
rats,
showed
satisfying
pharmacokinetics,
penetrated
blood–brain
barrier,
reversed
MK-801-induced
memory
impairment,
anxiolytic-like
properties.
15's
neuroprotective
procognitive-like
effects,
stronger
than
those
approved
drug
donepezil,
may
pave
way
use
selenotriazines
to
inhibit
both
causes
symptoms
in
therapy.
Current Issues in Molecular Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
46(5), P. 4379 - 4402
Published: May 6, 2024
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
is
a
progressive
neurodegenerative
and
the
most
common
form
of
dementia
globally.
Although
direct
cause
AD
remains
under
debate,
neuroinflammation
oxidative
stress
are
critical
components
in
its
pathogenesis
progression.
As
result,
compounds
like
cannabidiol
(CBD)
being
increasingly
investigated
for
their
ability
to
provide
antioxidant
anti-inflammatory
neuroprotection.
CBD
primary
non-psychotropic
phytocannabinoid
derived
from
Cannabis
sativa.
It
has
been
found
beneficial
outcomes
variety
medical
conditions
gaining
increasing
attention
potential
therapeutic
application
AD.
not
psychoactive
lipophilic
nature
allows
rapid
distribution
throughout
body,
including
across
blood–brain
barrier
(BBB).
also
possesses
anti-inflammatory,
antioxidant,
neuroprotective
properties,
making
it
viable
candidate
treatment.
This
review
outlines
CBD’s
mechanism
action,
role
AD,
effectiveness
limitations
preclinical
models
Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(2), P. 121 - 121
Published: Jan. 21, 2025
Current
knowledge
about
Alzheimer’s
disease
highlights
the
accumulation
of
β-amyloid
plaques
(Aβ1–42)
and
neurofibrillary
tangles
composed
hyperphosphorylated
Tau,
which
lead
to
loss
neuronal
connections.
Microglial
activation
release
inflammatory
mediators
play
a
significant
role
in
progression
pathology.
Recent
advances
have
identified
involvement
inflammasomes,
particularly
NOD-like
receptor
NLR
family
pyrin
domain
containing
3
(NLRP3),
whose
promotes
proinflammatory
cytokines
triggers
pyroptosis,
exacerbating
neuroinflammation.
Aggregates
Aβ1–42
Tau
been
shown
activate
these
while
apoptosis-associated
speck-like
protein
(ASC)
components
form
aggregates
that
further
accelerate
Aβ
aggregation.
Defects
autophagic
clearance
inflammasomes
also
implicated
disease,
contributing
sustained
inflammation.
This
review
explores
strategies
counteract
inflammation
Alzheimer’s,
emphasizing
degradation
ASC
specks
inhibition
NLRP3
inflammasome
activation.
Notably,
nuclear
factor
erythroid
2-related
2
(Nrf2)
transcription
emerges
as
promising
therapeutic
target
due
its
dual
mitigating
oxidative
stress
directly
inhibiting
formation.
By
reducing
inflammasome-driven
inflammation,
Nrf2
offers
potential
for
addressing
neuroinflammatory
aspects
disease.
Biomolecules,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(6), P. 967 - 967
Published: June 8, 2023
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
is
the
most
prevalent
kind
of
dementia
with
roughly
135
million
cases
expected
in
world
by
2050.
Unfortunately,
current
medications
for
treatment
AD
can
only
relieve
symptoms
but
they
do
not
act
as
disease-modifying
agents
that
stop
course
AD.
Caffeine
one
widely
used
drugs
today,
and
a
number
clinical
studies
suggest
drinking
coffee
may
be
good
health,
especially
fight
against
neurodegenerative
conditions
such
Experimental
works
conducted
"in
vivo"
vitro"
provide
intriguing
evidence
caffeine
exerts
its
neuroprotective
effects
antagonistically
binding
to
A2A
receptors
(A2ARs),
subset
GPCRs
are
triggered
endogenous
nucleoside
adenosine.
This
review
provides
summary
scientific
data
supporting
critical
role
A2ARs
play
memory
loss
cognitive
decline,
well
protective
benefits
neurodegeneration
attained
caffeine's
antagonistic
action
on
these
receptors.
They
novel
fascinating
target
regulating
enhancing
synaptic
activity,
achieving
symptomatic
potentially
effects,
protecting
neurodegeneration.
