Surveillance Following Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Loss: An Issue Requiring Attention DOI Creative Commons
Shuai-Wen Huang,

Hong Long,

Jiaquan Huang

et al.

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 8 - 8

Published: Dec. 27, 2024

Due to the lack of agents that directly target covalently closed circular DNA and integrated HBV in hepatocytes, achieving a complete cure for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains challenging. The latest guidelines recommend (hepatitis surface antigen) HBsAg loss as ideal treatment improving liver function, histopathology, long-term prognosis. However, even after loss, virus can persist, with risk recurrence, reactivation, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, follow-up surveillance are still necessary. With increasing options available patients CHB, developing effective strategies has become crucial. Recent studies on outcomes following provide new insights refining current strategies, though further improvement is needed through observation follow-up.

Language: Английский

Pharmacophore modeling and QSAR analysis of anti-HBV flavonols DOI Creative Commons

Basireh Baei,

Parnia Askari,

Fatemeh Sana Askari

et al.

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. e0316765 - e0316765

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Due to its global burden, Targeting Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in humans is crucial. Herbal medicine has long been significant, with flavonoids demonstrating promising results. Hence, the present study aimed establish a way of identifying anti-HBV activities. Flavonoid structures activities were retrieved. A flavonol-based pharmacophore model was established using LigandScout v4.4. Screening performed PharmIt server. QSAR equation developed and validated independent sets compounds. The applicability domain (AD) defined Euclidean distance calculations for validation. best model, consisting 57 features, generated. High-throughput screening (HTS) resulted 509 unique hits. model's accuracy further set FDA-approved chemicals, sensitivity 71% specificity 100%. Additionally, two predictors, x4a qed, exhibited predictive solid performance an adjusted-R2 value 0.85 0.90 Q2. PCA showed essential patterns relationships within dataset, first components explaining nearly 98% total variance. Current HBV therapies tend fail provide complete cure, emphasizing need new therapies. This study's importance highlight flavonols as potential medicines, presenting supplementary option existing therapy. separate chemical sets, guaranteeing reproducibility usefulness other by utilizing characteristics X4A qed. These results possibilities discovering future drugs integrating modeling experimental research.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Persistence: Mechanisms and Insights DOI Open Access
Srivatsava Naidu,

Séverine Margeridon

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection can lead to severe liver diseases, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The chronicity of the (HBV) occurs because persistence viral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) within hepatocytes. cccDNA serves as template for replication is central HBV, maintaining a reservoir host. Despite therapeutic advancements, eliminating remains elusive due its evasion immune surveillance. This review explores formation maintenance cccDNA, highlighting host factors influencing stability replication. It also discusses current treatment strategies, interferon-based therapies nucleoside/nucleotide analogs, which aim suppress Emerging such gene editing molecular interventions hold promise targeting directly. Currently, research focused on making medications that target interest disrupt or clear reservoir. However, future should focus innovative approaches directly minichromosome, aiming sustained suppression potentially cure HBV infection.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Overview of the immunological mechanisms in hepatitis B virus reactivation: Implications for disease progression and management strategies DOI Creative Commons
Hui Ma,

Qing-Zhu Yan,

Jingru Ma

et al.

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(10), P. 1295 - 1312

Published: March 14, 2024

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is a clinically significant challenge in disease management. This review explores the immunological mechanisms underlying HBV reactivation, emphasizing progression and It delves into host immune responses reactivation’s delicate balance, spanning innate adaptive immunity. Viral factors’ disruption of this as are interactions between viral antigens, cells, cytokine networks, checkpoint pathways, examined. Notably, roles T natural killer antigen-presenting cells discussed, highlighting their influence on progression. impact severity, hepatic flares, liver fibrosis progression, hepatocellular carcinoma detailed. Management strategies, including anti-viral immunomodulatory approaches, critically analyzed. The role prophylactic therapy during immunosuppressive treatments explored alongside novel immunotherapeutic interventions to restore control prevent reactivation. In conclusion, comprehensive furnishes holistic view that propel With dedicated focus understanding its implications for prospects efficient management article contributes significantly knowledge base. more profound insights intricate elements system will inform evidence-based ultimately enhancing elevating patient outcomes. dynamic landscape strategies scrutinized, approaches. preventing potential innovative proactively deter

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Polymer Delivery Systems for Long-Acting Antiretroviral Drugs DOI Creative Commons
Mohammad Ullah Nayan, Sudipta Panja, Ashrafi Sultana

et al.

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 183 - 183

Published: Jan. 28, 2024

The success of long-acting (LA) drug delivery systems (DDSs) is linked to their biocompatible polymers. These are used for extended therapeutic release. For treatment or prevention human immune deficiency virus type one (HIV-1) infection, LA DDSs hold promise improved regimen adherence and reduced toxicities. Current examples include Cabenuva, Apretude, Sunlenca. Each safe effective. Alternative promising implants, prodrugs, vaginal rings, microarray patches. can further meet patients’ needs. We posit that the physicochemical properties formulation chemical design optimize release profiles. strategic DDS polymers will improve controlled simplify dosing schedules adherence.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Prospects for Controlling Hepatitis B Globally DOI Creative Commons
Vincent Soriano, Víctor Moreno‐Torres, Ana Treviño

et al.

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 291 - 291

Published: March 29, 2024

Infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is highly prevalent globally. Over 250 million people suffer from chronic B, and more than 800,000 patients die each year due to complications, including liver cancer. Although protective HBV vaccines are recommended for all newborns, global coverage suboptimal. In adults, sexual transmission by far most frequent route of contagion. The WHO estimates that 1.5 new infections occur annually. Oral nucleos(t)ide analogues entecavir tenofovir antivirals prescribed as therapy. Almost adherent medication achieve undetectable plasma viremia beyond 6 months monotherapy. However, less 5% anti-HBs seroconversion, viral rebound occurs following drug discontinuation. Therefore, need be lifelong. New long-acting formulations being developed will maximize treatment benefit overcome adherence barriers. Furthermore, antiviral agents in development, entry inhibitors, capside assembly modulators, RNA interference molecules. use combination therapy pursues a functional cure, meaning it negative both circulating HBV-DNA HBsAg. Even when this goal achieved, cccDNA reservoir within infected hepatocytes remains signal past infection, can reactivate under immune suppression. gene therapies, editing, eagerly pursued silence or definitively disrupt genomes and, way, ultimately cure B. At time, three actions taken push eradication globally: (1) expand universal newborn vaccination; (2) perform once-in-life testing adults identify susceptible persons could vaccinated (or re-vaccinated) unveil asymptomatic carriers treatment; (3) provide earlier carriers, aviremic reduces risk clinical progression transmission.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Introductory Chapter: The Enigma of Hepatitis B Therapeutics DOI Creative Commons
Mark A. Feitelson

IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Long-term inhibition of Hepatitis B virus gene expression by a primary microrna expressing ancestral adeno-associated viral vector DOI Creative Commons
Njabulo Mnyandu,

Shonisani Wendy Limani,

Abdullah Ely

et al.

Virology Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Current treatments for chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) rarely cure carriers from disease. Previously reported use of serotype 8 adeno-associated viral (AAV8) vectors to deliver expression cassettes encoding anti-HBV artificial primary microRNAs (apri-miRs) has shown promise in preclinical studies. A recently designed synthetic ancestral AAV (Anc80L65) high liver transduction efficiency is a promising new addition vector toolbox. This study engineered Anc80L65 express HBx-targeting apri-miRs. Single dose administration cultured cells and HBV transgenic mice effected reductions secreted surface antigen (HBsAg). Circulating particles core (HBcAg) were also significantly diminished receiving apri-miR-expressing AAVs. Downregulation biomarkers occurred over period 12 months. Absence inflammatory responses or toxicity indicated that had good safety profile. These data suggest single safe capable mediating durable suppression gene expression. Targeting HBx, which required transcriptional activity covalently closed circular DNA HBV, makes this Anc80L65-derived candidate functional infection.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Towards improved maternal health: navigating non-compliance with integrated viral hepatitis B and malaria interventions among pregnant women in Bono East, Ghana. DOI Creative Commons
Dennis Bardoe, Daniel Hayford, Robert Bagngmen Bio

et al.

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(6), P. e43019 - e43019

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Potential Benefits of In Silico Methods: A Promising Alternative in Natural Compound’s Drug Discovery and Repurposing for HBV Therapy DOI Creative Commons
Samuel Chima Ugbaja, Aganze Gloire-Aimé Mushebenge, Hezekiel M. Kumalo

et al.

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. 419 - 419

Published: March 16, 2025

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an important global public health issue. The World Health Organization (WHO) 2024 Global Report estimated that the prevalence of people living with HBV infection 254 million, incidence 1.2 million new infections yearly. Previous studies have shown natural compounds antiviral inhibition potentials. In silico methods such as molecular docking, virtual screening, pharmacophore modeling, quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR), and dynamic simulations been successfully applied in identifying bioactive strong binding energies treatment targets. COVID-19 pandemic necessitated importance repurposing already approved drugs using methods. This study aimed at unveiling benefits techniques a potential alternative compounds’ drug discovery for therapy. Relevant articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, Web Science were retrieved analyzed. Furthermore, this comprehensively reviewed literature containing identified essential proteins. Notably, hesperidin, quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin, flavonoids hepatitis surface antigen (HBsAg). investigation reveals offer understanding mechanisms action, reveal previously overlooked viral targets (including PreS1 Domain HBsAg cccDNA (Covalently Closed Circular DNA) regulators, facilitate creation specific inhibitors. integration silico, vitro, vivo insights further highlight Moreover, combination compounds, approach, improves chances personalized precision medicine treatment. Therefore, we recommend strategies combine vivo, approaches to effective drugs.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Polymer Delivery Systems for Long-Acting Antiretroviral Drugs DOI Open Access
Mohammad Ullah Nayan, Sudipta Panja, Ashrafi Sultana

et al.

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

Long-acting (LA) drug-delivery system (DDS) successes are linked to their abilities harness biocompatible polymers and materials for sustained predictable release of therapeutic agents over an extended period time. For human immune deficiency virus type one (HIV-1) infections, LA DDSs hold great promise in closing the gaps daily oral therapy treatment prevention. Examples Cabenuva, Apretude Sunlenca, which have been shown be safe effective. Alternative promising drug delivery technologies such as implants, prodrugs, vaginal rings, microarray patches being explored further meet patients’ needs. We posit that improved physicochemical properties formulation payloads material chemistry design with optimal kinetics holds potential optimize profiles. Furthermore, prevention HIV-1 infection, landscape medicines now clinical or preclinical development offers hope strategic will improve upon controlled drugs simplify dosing schedules.

Language: Английский

Citations

2