Updates on protein-prenylation and associated inherited retinopathies
Frontiers in Ophthalmology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
4
Published: July 4, 2024
Membrane-anchored
proteins
play
critical
roles
in
cell
signaling,
cellular
architecture,
and
membrane
biology.
Hydrophilic
are
post-translationally
modified
by
a
diverse
range
of
lipid
molecules
such
as
phospholipids,
glycosylphosphatidylinositol,
isoprenes,
which
allows
their
partition
anchorage
to
the
membrane.
In
this
review
article,
we
discuss
biochemical
basis
isoprenoid
synthesis,
mechanisms
isoprene
conjugation
proteins,
functions
prenylated
neural
retina.
Recent
discovery
novel
prenyltransferases,
protein
chaperones,
non-canonical
prenylation-target
motifs,
reversible
prenylation
is
expected
increase
number
inherited
systemic
blinding
diseases
with
aberrant
prenylation.
important
investigations
have
also
demonstrated
role
several
unexpected
regulators
(such
charge,
sequence/protein-chaperone
interaction,
light
exposure
history)
photoreceptor
trafficking
proteins.
Technical
advances
investigation
proteome
its
application
vision
research
discussed.
Clinical
updates
technical
insights
into
known
putative
prenylation-associated
retinopathies
provided
herein.
Characterization
retina
retina-specific
fundamental
understanding
pathogenesis
disorders.
Language: Английский
A distributed integral control mechanism for regulation of cholesterol concentration in the human retina
Royal Society Open Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11(10)
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
Tight
homeostatic
control
of
cholesterol
concentration
within
the
complex
tissue
microenvironment
retina
is
hallmark
a
healthy
eye.
By
contrast,
dysregulation
biochemical
mechanisms
governing
retinal
homeostasis
likely
contributes
to
aetiology
and
progression
age-related
macular
degeneration
(AMD).
While
signalling
maintaining
cellular
are
well-studied,
systems-level
description
molecular
interactions
regulating
balance
human
remains
elusive.
Here,
we
provide
comprehensive
overview
all
currently-known
molecular-level
involved
in
regulation
across
major
compartments
retina,
encompassing
pigment
epithelium
(RPE),
photoreceptor
cell
layer,
Müller
layer
Bruch’s
membrane.
We
develop
chemical
reaction
network
(CRN)
these
interactions,
involving
71
species,
partitioned
into
10
independent
subnetworks.
These
subnetworks
collectively
ensure
robust
14
forms
distinct
compartments.
mathematical
evidence
that
three
antithetic
integral
feedback
controllers
tightly
regulate
ER
cells,
with
additional
extending
this
other
throughout
retina.
Our
novel
model
provides
framework
for
understanding
diseased
eyes
exploring
potential
therapeutic
strategies.
Language: Английский