Energies,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(11), P. 2524 - 2524
Published: May 23, 2024
Biohydrogen
production
is
a
promising
alternative
to
replace
fossil
fuels
in
an
environmentally
friendly
way.
In
addition
the
many
available
renewable
energy
sources,
of
“colored”
hydrogen
and
biohydrogen
occupies
irreplaceable
position
due
undeniable
availability
biomass
need
manage
food
waste
(FW).
This
article
presents
current
state
technology—examples
on
continents
(America,
Africa,
Asia,
Australia
Oceania)
Europe
terms
efficiency
dark
methane
fermentation
(CH4).
Biophotolysis
processes
leading
are
indicated:
directly
indirectly.
The
mechanism
process
obtaining
two-stage
presented.
novelty
this
development
innovative
trends
industry
Europe.
Various
models
presented
for
different
raw
materials
proportions
substrates
used
co-fermenters.
Researchers
from
China
undisputed
pioneers
use
sources.
However,
improved
self-sufficiency
environmental
impacts
reflected
growing
number
pilot
installations
operating
European
countries.
also
gives
hope
rapid
progress
towards
full
animal
FW
management
Poland.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: June 28, 2024
Abstract
The
increasing
water
contamination
by
toxic
heavy
metals,
particularly
hexavalent
chromium,
has
become
a
significant
environmental
concern.
This
study
explores
the
pyrolysis
of
termite-processed
biomass,
specifically
Pinus
elliottii
particleboard
and
its
termite
droppings
(TDs),
to
produce
biochar
application
for
chromium
(VI)
adsorption.
Termite
droppings,
rich
in
lignin,
particleboard,
cellulose,
were
pyrolyzed
at
various
temperatures
assess
effect
biomass
composition
on
properties.
found
that
lignin-rich
produced
with
higher
fixed
carbon
content
specific
surface
area
than
cellulose-rich
biochar.
FTIR
Raman
spectroscopy
revealed
molecular
structure
changes
during
pyrolysis,
which
influenced
adsorption
capabilities
Adsorption
experiments
demonstrated
TD
exhibited
significantly
capacity,
attributed
distinct
chemical
enhanced
properties
due
lignin
content.
These
findings
underscore
crucial
role
producing
efficient
metal
adsorption,
highlighting
practical
applicability
purification
technologies.
Biomass,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
4(3), P. 947 - 977
Published: Sept. 2, 2024
Lignin,
the
earth’s
second-most
abundant
biopolymer
after
cellulose,
has
long
been
relegated
to
low-value
byproducts
in
pulp
and
paper
industry.
However,
recent
advancements
valorization
are
transforming
lignin
into
a
sustainable
versatile
feedstock
for
producing
high-value
biofuels,
bioplastics,
specialty
chemicals.
This
review
explores
conversion
of
lignin’s
complex
structure,
composed
syringyl
(S),
guaiacyl
(G),
p-hydroxyphenyl
(H)
units,
value-added
products.
We
critically
assess
various
biochemical
analytical
techniques
employed
comprehensive
characterization.
Additionally,
we
explore
strategies
upgrading
functionalization
enhance
its
suitability
advanced
biomaterials.
The
emphasizes
key
areas
valorization,
including
catalytic
depolymerization
methods,
along
with
associated
challenges
advancements.
discuss
potential
as
diverse
products
such
carbon
fibers,
adhesives,
phenolic
compounds.
Furthermore,
briefly
inherent
properties
UV
protectant
antioxidant,
alongside
incorporation
polymer
blends
composites.
By
presenting
case
studies
from
literature,
this
highlights
significant
economic
environmental
benefits
waste
reduction,
lower
greenhouse
gas
emissions,
decreased
reliance
on
non-renewable
resources.
Finally,
address
future
perspectives
achieving
large-scale,
techno-economically
feasible,
environmentally
valorization.
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: May 22, 2024
The
wood-feeding
termite,
Coptotermes
formosanus,
presents
an
efficient
lignocellulolytic
system,
offering
a
distinctive
model
for
the
exploration
of
host-microbial
symbiosis
towards
lignocellulose
degradation.
Despite
decades
investigation,
understanding
diversity,
community
structure,
and
functional
profiles
bacterial
symbionts
within
specific
gut
regions,
particularly
foregut
midgut
C.
remains
largely
elusive.
In
light
this
knowledge
gap,
our
efforts
focused
on
elucidating
composition
functions
symbiotic
bacteria
inhabiting
foregut,
midgut,
hindgut
formosanus
via
metagenomics.
termite
harbored
diverse
encompassing
352
genera
26
known
phyla,
exhibiting
uneven
distribution
across
regions.
Notably,
displayed
higher
relative
abundance
phyla
such
as
Bacteroidetes
(56.9%)
Spirochetes
(23.3%).
contrast,
were
predominantly
occupied
by
Proteobacteria
(28.9%)
Firmicutes
(21.2%)
after
Bacteroidetes.
unique
like
Candidate
phylum_TM6
Armatimonadetes.
At
family
level,
Porphyromonadaceae
(28.1,
40.6,
53.5%
in
hindgut,
respectively)
Spirochaetaceae
(foregut
=
9%,
16%,
21.6%)
emerged
dominant
families
termite's
Enriched
operational
taxonomic
units
(OTUs)
most
abundant
(28),
followed
(14),
while
exhibited
enrichment
only
two
OTUs.
Furthermore,
analyses
revealed
distinct
influences
various
metabolic
pathways,
carbohydrate
energy
metabolisms
host.
Overall,
these
results
underscore
significant
variations
structure
among
different
regions
suggesting
roles
bacteria,
thereby
inspiring
further
investigations
to
resolve
crosstalk
between
host
microbiomes
individual
gut-regions
termite.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(4), P. 1449 - 1449
Published: Feb. 9, 2025
Nanocellulose-based
biomaterials
are
at
the
forefront
of
biomedicine,
presenting
innovative
solutions
to
longstanding
challenges
in
tissue
engineering
and
wound
repair.
These
advanced
materials
demonstrate
enhanced
mechanical
properties
improved
biocompatibility
while
allowing
for
precise
tuning
drug
release
profiles.
Recent
progress
design,
fabrication,
characterization
these
underscores
their
transformative
potential
biomedicine.
Researchers
employing
strategic
methodologies
investigate
characterize
structure
functionality
nanocellulose
In
engineering,
nanocellulose-based
scaffolds
offer
opportunities
replicate
complexities
native
tissues,
facilitating
study
effects
on
metabolism,
vascularization,
cellular
behavior
engineered
liver,
adipose,
tumor
models.
Concurrently,
has
gained
recognition
as
an
dressing
material,
leveraging
its
ability
deliver
therapeutic
agents
via
topical,
transdermal,
systemic
pathways
simultaneously
promoting
proliferation
regeneration.
The
inherent
transparency
provides
a
unique
advantage,
enabling
real-time
monitoring
healing
progress.
Despite
advancements,
significant
remain
large-scale
production,
reproducibility,
commercial
viability
biomaterials.
This
review
not
only
hurdles
but
also
outlines
directions
future
research,
including
need
bioengineering
dressings
with
scalable
production
incorporation
novel
functionalities
clinical
translation.
By
addressing
key
challenges,
redefine
biomedical
material
design
unmet
needs
beyond.
Insect Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 1, 2025
Fungus-farming
termites
efficiently
degrade
recalcitrant
lignocellulose
through
a
symbiotic
relationship
with
Termitomyces
and
the
gut
microbiome,
making
them
successful
key
decomposers
in
(sub)tropical
ecosystems.
Despite
extensive
research
on
plant
biomass
decomposition,
mechanisms
of
lignin
degradation
fungus-farming
remain
elusive.
In
view
this
information
gap,
present
study
employed
several
analytical
approaches
ligninolytic
enzyme
assays
to
investigate
modification
system
termite,
Macrotermes
barneyi.
The
results
revealed
structural
across
different
points
process.
Enzyme
termite
guts
fungus
combs
showed
obvious
differences
activity
at
sites
likely
initiating
lignin.
findings
current
support
hypothesis
that
although
young
workers
start
some
extent,
they
largely
leave
monomers
p-hydroxyphenyl
(H),
guaiacyl
(G)
syringyl
(S)
intact.
Most
lignin-derived
compounds
are
transferred
fresh
comb,
where
majority
begins
continues
mature
older
parts
comb.
This
provides
new
insights
into
within
microsymbiotic
an
insect.
A
better
understanding
these
has
promising
potential
for
unlocking
lignin-degrading
agents
production
renewable
energy.
Asia-Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 41 - 53
Published: April 10, 2025
The
symbiotic
relationship
between
termites
and
their
gut
microbes
is
one
of
nature's
most
fascinating
mutualistic
interactions.
Termites,
renowned
for
ability
to
decompose
lignocellulosic
materials
such
as
wood,
rely
heavily
on
microbiota,
which
includes
bacteria,
archaea,
protozoa,
each
playing
specific
roles
in
breaking
down
cellulose,
hemicellulose,
lignin.
This
complex
partnership
not
only
enables
thrive
low-nutrient
environments
but
also
supports
nitrogen
metabolism
provides
essential
nutrients
survival.
termite
highly
compartmentalized,
creating
various
microenvironments
that
support
diverse
microbial
communities
facilitate
metabolic
processes,
including
fermentation
anoxic
conditions.
Shaped
by
evolutionary
pressures,
this
has
resulted
specialized
adaptations
optimize
lignocellulose
degradation
cycling.
review
explores
the
mechanisms
termite-microbe
symbiosis,
functional
across
different
taxa,
structural
compartmentalization
gut,
dynamics
driving
relationship.
In
addition,
highlights
ecological
biotechnological
significance
offering
valuable
insights
into
efficient
nutrient
recycling
could
inspire
future
applications
sustainable
bioenergy
waste
management.
