The Cytokine Network in Colorectal Cancer: Implications for New Treatment Strategies

Cells, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 138 - 138

Published: Dec. 29, 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent tumor entities worldwide with only limited therapeutic options. CRC not a genetic disease several mutations in specific oncogenes and/or suppressor genes such as APC, KRAS, PIC3CA, BRAF, SMAD4 or TP53 but also multifactorial including environmental factors. Cancer cells communicate their environment mostly via soluble factors cytokines, chemokines growth to generate favorable microenvironment (TME). The TME, heterogeneous population differentiated and progenitor cells, plays critical role regulating development, growth, invasion, metastasis therapy resistance. In this context, cytokines from TME influence each other, eliciting an inflammatory milieu that can either enhance suppress metastasis. Additionally, lines evidence exist composition microbiota regulates processes, controlled by cytokine secretion, play carcinogenesis progression. review, we discuss networks between microbiome colorectal related treatment strategies, goal cytokine-mediated strategies could overcome common resistance tumors.

Language: Английский

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Unraveling the enigma of tumor-associated macrophages: challenges, innovations, and the path to therapeutic breakthroughs

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Nov. 14, 2023

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are integral to the tumor microenvironment (TME), influencing cancer progression significantly. Attracted by cell signals, TAMs exhibit unparalleled adaptability, aligning with dynamic milieu. Their roles span from promoting growth and angiogenesis modulating metastasis. While substantial research has explored fundamentals of TAMs, comprehending their adaptive behavior, leveraging it for novel treatments remains challenging. This review delves into TAM polarization, metabolic shifts, complex orchestration cytokines chemokines determining functions. We highlight complexities TAM-targeted focusing on adaptability potential variability in therapeutic outcomes. Moreover, we discuss synergy integrating TAM-focused strategies established treatments, such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy. Emphasis is laid pioneering methods like reprogramming immunotherapy adoption single-cell technologies precision intervention. synthesis seeks shed light TAMs’ multifaceted cancer, pinpointing prospective pathways transformative enhancing modalities oncology.

Language: Английский

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Impact of IL-17a on Apoptosis and Mucinosis-Related Molecules in the Microenvironment of Colorectal Cancer

Archives of Medical Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 56(5), P. 103220 - 103220

Published: April 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Molecular Mechanisms of the Antitumor Effects of Mesalazine and Its Preventive Potential in Colorectal Cancer

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(13), P. 5081 - 5081

Published: June 29, 2023

Chemoprevention is one of the ways to fight colorectal cancer, which a huge challenge in oncology. Numerous pieces evidence indicate that chronic inflammation course Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis (UC) significant cancer risk factor. Epidemiologic studies suggest long-term use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including mesalazine, has beneficial effects on colitis-associated cancer. Mesalazine first-line therapy for UC and also widely used maintaining remission UC. Data showed mesalazine antiproliferative properties associated with cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition but can act through COX-independent pathways. This review summarizes knowledge about mesalazine’s molecular mechanisms action chemopreventive effect by it could interfere cell proliferation survival.

Language: Английский

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Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant efficacy of lavender oil in experimentally induced thrombosis

Thrombosis Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Aug. 9, 2023

Lavender oil (LO) possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, sedative, cardio-protective, and antinociceptive properties. Thrombosis inflammation are interplayed processes that interact influence one another. Our research compared three routes of administration to assess the efficacy pretreatment with LO on carrageenan-induced thrombosis in rat tail.Wistar-Bratislava white rats were randomly divided into five groups ten each pretreated 3 consecutive days prior inducement dose (150 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)): per os by gavage (TLOPO group), intraperitoneal (TIPLO group) subcutaneous (TSCLO group). We also have a control (C, received saline solution 0.9% DMSO (vehicle) 1 ml (i.p.)) group (T group, plus vehicle i.p.). Histopathological examinations conducted together measurements circulating levels oxidative stress markers, antioxidant effect (TAC THIOL), proinflammatory cytokines (TNF- α, RANTES, MCP-1).When administered intraperitoneally, lavender has best parameters (MDA, NOx, TOS), marker (THIOL), all studied (p-values < 0.02). Moreover, TIPLO displayed closest values for bleeding clotting time C as well lowest length thrombus than T, TPOLO, TSCLO 0.001). The histological appearance comparable exception presence oedema.Lavender days, one-dose day, showed anti-inflammatory experimentally induced thrombosis.

Language: Английский

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Decoding immune-related gene-signatures in colorectal neoplasia

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: June 24, 2024

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant health issue, with notable incidence rates in Norway. The immune response plays dual role CRC, offering both protective effects and promoting tumor growth. This research aims to provide detailed screening of immune-related genes identify specific CRC adenomatous polyps within the Norwegian population, potentially serving as detection biomarkers. Methods study involved 69 patients (228 biopsies) undergoing colonoscopy, divided into polyps, control groups. We examined expression 579 through nCounter analysis emphasizing differential versus adjacent non-tumorous tissue performed quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) across patient categories. Results Key findings include elevated CXCL1, CXCL2, IL1B, IL6, CXCL8 (IL8), PTGS2, SPP1 tissues. Additionally, CXCL8, PTGS2 showed changes suggesting their early involvement carcinogenesis. Conclusions uncovers distinctive immunological signature colorectal neoplasia among Norwegians, highlighting potential These warrant further confirm explore utility non-invasive strategies.

Language: Английский

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A comprehensive view on the fisetin impact on colorectal cancer in animal models: Focusing on cellular and molecular mechanisms

Animal Models and Experimental Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(5), P. 591 - 605

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

Flavonoids, including fisetin, have been linked to a reduced risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and potential therapeutic applications for the condition. Fisetin, natural flavonoid found in various fruits vegetables, has shown promise managing CRC due its diverse biological activities. It influence key cell signaling pathways related inflammation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, transcription factors. The results this study demonstrate that fisetin induces colon apoptosis through multiple mechanisms. impacts p53 pathway, leading increased levels decreased murine double minute 2, contributing induction. Fisetin also triggers release important components apoptotic process, such as second mitochondria-derived activator caspase/direct inhibitor apoptosis-binding protein with low pI cytochrome c. Furthermore, inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/epidermal growth factor receptor/nuclear kappa B pathways, reducing Wnt target gene expression hindering colony formation. achieves by regulating activities cyclin-dependent kinase 2 4, retinoblastoma phosphorylation, decreasing cyclin E levels, increasing p21 ultimately influencing E2 promoter binding 1 division cycle (CDC2) levels. Additionally, exhibits effects on cells, inhibiting phosphorylation Y-box ribosomal S6 kinase, promoting extracellular signal-regulated 1/2, disrupting repair process DNA double-strand breaks. Moreover, serves an adjunct therapy prevention treatment phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit α (PIK3CA)-mutant CRC, resulting reduction phosphatidylinositol-3 (PI3K) expression, Ak strain transforming mTOR activity, downstream proteins cells PIK3CA mutation. These findings highlight multifaceted position it promising candidate future development.

Language: Английский

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How the interplay among the tumor microenvironment and the gut microbiota influences the stemness of colorectal cancer cells

World Journal of Stem Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 281 - 301

Published: May 25, 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most prevalent disease and involves a multi-step process in which intestinal cells acquire malignant characteristics. It is well established that appearance of distal metastasis CRC patients cause poor prognosis treatment failure. Nevertheless, last decades, aggressiveness progression have been attributed to specific cell population called stem (CCSC) with features like tumor initiation capacity, self-renewal acquired multidrug resistance. Emerging data highlight concept this subtype as plastic entity has dynamic status can be originated from different types through genetic epigenetic changes. These alterations are modulated by complex crosstalk environmental factors paracrine signaling. known niche, types, structures, biomolecules coexist interact favoring growth development. Together, these components constitute microenvironment (TME). Most recently, researchers also deepened influence variety microorganisms inhabit mucosa, collectively gut microbiota, on CRC. Both TME participate inflammatory processes drive evolution Since decade, crucial advances made concerning synergistic interaction among condition identity CCSC, exposed review could provide valuable insights into biology development new targeted therapies.

Language: Английский

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Unveiling the orchestration of T-cell dynamics: A comprehensive examination of their crucial role in revolutionizing immunotherapy for pancreatic and colon cancers

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 199 - 232

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Inflammatory mechanisms in colorectal cancer: The role of cytokines and dietary inflammatory index : A review

SANAMED, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 00, P. 76 - 76

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, with numerous studies highlighting role inflammation in its onset and progression. Cytokines such as IL-6 TNF-a play a crucial sustaining inflammation, contributing to transformation cells. The dietary inflammatory index, which reflects intake pro-inflammatory nutrients, associated an increased risk developing colorectal cancer. Serum cytokine concentrations may serve biomarkers for assessment, while modifications aimed at reducing can significantly impact both prevention therapy. This knowledge opens possibilities personalized approach treatment

Language: Английский

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