Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19
Published: April 7, 2025
Neuroinflammation is a fundamental feature of many chronic neurodegenerative diseases, where it contributes to disease onset, progression, and severity. This persistent inflammatory state arises from the activation innate adaptive immune responses within central nervous system (CNS), orchestrated by complex interplay resident cells, infiltrating peripheral an array molecular mediators such as cytokines, chemokines, extracellular vesicles. Among CNS-resident microglia play role, exhibiting dynamic spectrum phenotypes ranging neuroprotective neurotoxic. In sustained microglial often leads amplification cascades, reinforcing pathogenic cycle immune-mediated damage. Intercellular communication inflamed CNS persistence progression neuroinflammation. Microglia engage in extensive crosstalk with astrocytes, neurons, oligodendrocytes, shaping both local systemic responses. These interactions influence key processes synaptic pruning, phagocytosis, blood-brain barrier integrity, cytokine-mediated signaling. Understanding mechanisms cell-cell signaling this context critical for identifying therapeutic strategies modulate response restore homeostasis. review explores players neuroinflammation, focus on role microglia, pathways underlying intercellular communication, potential approaches mitigate neuroinflammatory damage diseases.
Language: Английский