Chemotherapy: how to reduce its adverse effects while maintaining the potency?

Medical Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 40(3)

Published: Feb. 3, 2023

Language: Английский

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Amino acid metabolism in tumor biology and therapy

Cell Death and Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2024

Abstract Amino acid metabolism plays important roles in tumor biology and therapy. Accumulating evidence has shown that amino acids contribute to tumorigenesis immunity by acting as nutrients, signaling molecules, could also regulate gene transcription epigenetic modification. Therefore, targeting will provide new ideas for treatment become an therapeutic approach after surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy. In this review, we systematically summarize the recent progress of malignancy their interaction with signal pathways well effect on microenvironment Collectively, highlight potential application future expectation.

Language: Английский

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Oxidative stress regulation and related metabolic pathways in epithelial–mesenchymal transition of breast cancer stem cells

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Nov. 28, 2023

Abstract Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cell remodeling process in which epithelial cells undergo reversible phenotype switch via the loss of adhesion capacity and acquisition mesenchymal characteristics. In other words, EMT activation can increase invasiveness metastatic properties, prevent sensitivity tumor to chemotherapeutics, as have higher resistance chemotherapy immunotherapy. orchestrated by complex multifactorial network, often linked episodic, transient, or partial events. A variety factors been implicated development. Based on this concept, multiple metabolic pathways master transcription factors, such Snail, Twist, ZEB, drive EMT. Emerging evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays significant role induction. One emerging theory reducing mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species production may contribute This review describes how are induction addresses involvement signaling pathways.

Language: Английский

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Glutamine mimicry suppresses tumor progression through asparagine metabolism in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Nature Cancer, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 100 - 113

Published: Oct. 9, 2023

Language: Английский

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Evolving Paradigms of Recombinant Protein Production in Pharmaceutical Industry: A Rigorous Review

Sci, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 9 - 9

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Many beneficial proteins have limited natural availability, which often restricts their supply and thereby reduces potential for therapeutic or industrial usage. The advent of recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology enables the utilization different microbes as surrogate hosts to facilitate production these proteins. This microbial continues evolve integrate with modern innovations develop more effective approaches increasing biopharmaceuticals. These strategies encompass fermentation technology, metabolic engineering, deployment strong promoters, novel vector elements such inducers enhancers, protein tags, secretion signals, synthetic biology, high-throughput devices cloning, process screening. appraisal commences a general overview regarding manufacture by biopharmaceuticals, trends towards development then discusses adopted accomplishing this. design upstream process, also involves host selection, design, promoter is crucial component strategies. On other hand, downstream focuses on extraction purification techniques. Additionally, review covers most tools resources, methods overcoming low expression, cost producing biopharmaceuticals in microbes, readily available products.

Language: Английский

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Ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents for the stabilization of biopharmaceuticals: A review

Biotechnology Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 71, P. 108316 - 108316

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Language: Английский

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Desirable L-asparaginases for treating cancer and current research trends

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 13, 2024

Amino acid depletion therapy is a promising approach for cancer treatment. It exploits the differences in metabolic processes between healthy and cancerous cells. Certain microbial enzymes induce cell apoptosis by removing essential amino acids. L-asparaginase an enzyme approved FDA treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The currently employed clinics come from two different sources: Escherichia coli Erwinia chrysanthemi . Nevertheless, search improved other sources continues because several factors, including immunogenicity, vivo instability, protease degradation. Before determining whether clinically useful, research should consider Michaelis constant, turnover number, maximal velocity. identification has been subject various studies. primary goals this review are to explore most current approaches used therapeutically useful L-asparaginases establish these investigations identified crucial characteristics before declaring their therapeutic potential.

Language: Английский

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PLGA Polymers and Doxorubicin for the Treatment of Malignant Gliomas in Adults: An Overview

The Open Medicinal Chemistry Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Malignant brain tumors, such as glioblastoma and astrocytoma, are the most aggressive diffuse gliomas with a high grade (4) of malignancy in adults, leading to mortality. The development pharmacological approaches drug delivery systems has led increased effectiveness reduced systemic toxicity anticancer therapy. Delivery systems, implants, plates, gels, micro- nanoparticles, used carriers for substances, improving their biodistribution solubility. These affect mechanism action, reduce toxicity, can penetrate blood-brain barrier (BBB). Despite extensive data on only few have undergone clinical trials been adopted into practice. For over 20 years, polymeric plates containing carmustine clinically treat malignant tumors. search safer more effective forms anti-tumor agents continues, remains an incurable disease. Doxorubicin is primary chemotherapy agent proven efficacy, which included standard therapy almost all tumor types. However, it not central nervous system believed that does cross BBB. polymers lactic acid glycolic (PLGA or PLG) biocompatible biodegradable. Their use promising potential. In this review, we consider evidence-based standards different types where doxorubicin used. We describe mechanisms action nanoparticle drugs, prospects using PLGA polymers, assess possible ways deliver other medications tumors effectively.

Language: Английский

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Possible mechanism of metabolic and drug resistance with L-asparaginase therapy in childhood leukaemia

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

L-asparaginase, which hydrolyzes asparagine into aspartic acid and ammonia, is frequently used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children. When combined with other chemotherapy drugs, the event-free survival rate 90%. Due immunogenicity drug resistance, however, not all patients benefit from it, restricting use of L-asparaginase therapy haematological cancers. To solve problem immunogenicity, several L-ASNase variants have emerged, such as Erwinia-ASNase PEG-ASNase. However, even when a substitute for E. coli-ASNase or PEG-ASNase, allergic reactions occur 3%-33% patients. All these factors contributed development novel L-ASNases. Additionally, resistance mechanisms, methylation status ASNS promoters activation autophagy, further emphasized importance personalized treatment paediatric neoplasms. In this review, we discussed metabolic effects L-ASNase, mechanisms applications non-ALL leukaemia, L-ASNase.

Language: Английский

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Treatment of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma: From past to future

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 7, 2023

Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) is the most common subtype of T/NK-cell in Asia and Latin America, but very rare North American Europe. Patient survival has improved significantly over past two decades. However, standard treatment not yet been established, although dozens prospective trials have conducted. To help understand how ENKTCL evolved what trends lie ahead, we comprehensively reviewed this aggressive malignancy, with a particular focus on neglected or unanswered issues, such as optimal staging method, best partner asparaginase (Asp), individualized administration Asp, preferred sequence CT RT so on. Overall, 5-year overall (OS) patients Ann Arbor stage I/II disease increased from < 50% early 20th century to > 80% recent years, median OS III/IV 1 year more than 3 years. The improvement patient largely attributable advances radiation technology introduction Asp anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy into practice. Radiotherapy essential for early-stage disease, while Asp-based chemotherapy (CT) PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors prognosis advanced-stage disease. management trending toward simpler regimens, less toxicity, higher efficacy. Novel drugs, manufactured T cells, monoclonal antibodies, small molecule inhibitors, are being intensively investigated. Based fact that highly resistant cytotoxic drugs except leads toxicity rather better outcomes, recommend it unnecessary expend additional resources compare different combinations agents. Instead, efforts should be made optimize use maximize efficacy minimize explore ways overcome resistance immunotherapy, identify novel targets, define subpopulations who may benefit specific treatments.

Language: Английский

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