Sarcopenia in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 596 - 596

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

(1) Background: We estimated the prevalence and clinical outcomes of sarcopenia among breast cancer patients. (2) Methods: A systematic literature search was carried out for period between July 2023 October 2023. Studies with patients evaluated in relation to overall survival (OS), progression-free (PFS), relapse disease (DFS), pathological complete response (pCR), or toxicity chemotherapy were included. (3) Results: Out 359 screened studies, 16 eligible meta-analysis, including 6130 patients, whom 5284 non-MBC. Sarcopenia computed tomography (CT) scan skeletal muscle index and, two dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) appendicular lean mass index. Using different classifications cut-off points, overall, there 2007 sarcopenic (33%), 1901 (95%) presented associated a 33% 29% higher risk mortality progression/relapse disease, respectively. Sarcopenic more likely develop grade 3–4 (OR 3.58, 95% CI 2.11–6.06, p < 0.0001). In neoadjuvant setting, rate pCR observed (49%) 2.74, 0.92–8.22). (4) Conclusions: Our meta-analysis confirms correlation negative outcomes, especially terms toxicity.

Language: Английский

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Evolution of the diagnosis of malnutrition in adults: a primer for clinicians

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

During the last two decades, definition, diagnosis, and management of malnutrition have significantly evolved. Malnutrition is generally defined as deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in a person’s intake energy and/or nutrients. While associated with increased risk morbidity, mortality, healthcare cost, it often underdiagnosed both community settings. One contributing factor lack consensus on its definition appropriate diagnostic indicators. In current article, we review evolution frameworks for diagnosis malnutrition. Recently published consensuses by prominent clinical nutrition societies established trajectory uniform global Limiting use body mass index (BMI) criterion while emphasizing muscle enables more consistent accurate setting. Guidance unified methodology terminology diagnosing malnutrition, such one proposed article will enable policy makers to systematically address faces starvation- disease-related applicable pediatric adult populations. Policies programs that could issues food insecurity scarcity well early empower better care nutrition.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of NUTRItional Status at First Medical Oncology Visit on Clinical Outcomes: The NUTRIONCO Study

Cancers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 3206 - 3206

Published: June 15, 2023

Malnutrition affects up to 75% of cancer patients and results from a combination anorexia metabolic dysregulation. Metabolic nutritional abnormalities in can lead cachexia, multifactorial syndrome characterized by involuntary loss skeletal muscle mass, systemic inflammation increased protein catabolism. Cancer cachexia negatively patients' outcomes, response anticancer treatments, quality life, survival. However, risk malnutrition, are still under-recognized patients. The Prevalence Oncology (PreMiO) study revealed that 51% already had deficiencies at their first medical oncology visit. Here, we report the subsequent retrospective, observational NUTRItional status visit ON Clinical Outcomes (NUTRIONCO) study, aimed assessing impact baseline non-nutritional variables collected PreMiO on clinical outcomes same followed August 2019 October 2021. We have highlighted statistically significant association between patient death, rehospitalization, treatment toxicity, disease progression follow-up. found higher overall survival probability well-nourished general population vs. malnourished (p < 0.001). Of major interest is fact stratification malnutrition decreased non-metastatic but not metastatic Multivariate analysis confirmed = 0.004) VAS score for appetite 0.0104), addition albumin 35 g/L 0.0001) neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio > 3 0.0007), were independently associated with death These findings highlight importance proactive, early management patients, particular, perspective substantial improvement outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Malnutrition in patients with obesity: An overview perspective

Nutrition in Clinical Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39(6), P. 1300 - 1316

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Abstract Malnutrition in patients with obesity presents a complex and often overlooked clinical challenge. Although is traditionally associated overnutrition excessive caloric intake, it can also coincide varying degrees of malnutrition. The etiopathogenesis multifaceted may arise from several factors such as poor diet quality, nutrient deficiencies despite excess calorie consumption, genetics, metabolic abnormalities affecting absorption utilization. Moreover, chronic low‐grade inflammatory state resulting adipose tissue, commonly observed obesity, further exacerbate malnutrition by altering metabolism increasing demands. dual burden poses significant risks, including immune dysfunction, delayed wound healing, anemia, disturbances, micronutrients vitamin D, iron, magnesium, zinc, among others. neglected or not given enough attention individuals undergoing rapid weight loss through aggressive restriction, pharmacological therapies, and/or surgical interventions. These vulnerability to nutrition deficiencies. We advocate for healthcare practitioners prioritize assessment initiate medical intervention strategies tailored address both intake insufficient consumption essential nutrients. Raising awareness professionals the general population about critical role adequate caring vital mitigating adverse health effects this population.

Language: Английский

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Complementarity of nutrition risk screening tools with malnutrition diagnosis in patients with cancer: A 12‐month follow‐up study assessing accuracy metrics and mortality

Nutrition in Clinical Practice, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 16, 2025

Abstract Background The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria for diagnosing malnutrition were established to provide a standardized approach in clinical practice using nutrition screening tool (NST) as the first step this process. This study aimed compare complementarity of NSTs with GLIM diagnosis patients cancer. Methods Hospitalized different cancer types evaluated prospective cohort which they initially screened Patient‐Generated Subjective Assessment (PG‐SGA), Protocol Nutritional Risk Oncology (PRONTO), Universal Screening Tool, 2002, and NutriScore risk. involved phenotypic etiological proposed by GLIM. Complementarity NST was calculating accuracy metrics investigating association 12‐month mortality. Results Nutrition risk ranged from 14.8% (NutriScore) 82.8% (PRONTO) frequency 13.8% (with NutriScore) 88.9% PG‐SGA). presented lowest negative predictive value (25.1%) whereas PG‐SGA highest (58.32%). Regardless applied, according criteria, combined or isolated, increased Conclusion All low when their tested. Indeed, “at risk” similar after discharge mortality comparison those at malnourished all applied.

Language: Английский

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Optimizing Nutritional Care with Machine Learning: Identifying Sarcopenia Risk Through Body Composition Parameters in Cancer Patients—Insights from the NUTritional and Sarcopenia RIsk SCREENing Project (NUTRISCREEN)

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 1376 - 1376

Published: April 18, 2025

Background/Objectives: Cancer and related treatments can impair body composition (BC), increasing the risk of malnutrition sarcopenia, poor prognosis, Health-Related Quality Life (HRQoL). To enhance BC parameter interpretation through Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA), we developed a predictive model based on unsupervised approaches including Principal Component (PCA) k-means clustering for sarcopenia in cancer patients at Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale” (Naples). Methods: Sarcopenia risks were assessed using NRS-2002 SARC-F questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, BIA. HRQoL was evaluated with EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. PCA analysis performed to identify different profiles. Results: Data from 879 (mean age: 63 ± 12.5 years) collected: 117 (13%) 128 (15%) respectively. identified three main components, determined clusters, namely HMP (High Muscle Profile), MMP (Moderate LMP (Low Profile). Patients older, higher prevalence comorbidities, malnutrition, sarcopenia. In multivariable analysis, age, lung site, diabetes, significantly associated an increased sarcopenia; among had (+62%, p = 0.006). Conclusions: The NUTRISCREEN project, part ONCOCAMP study (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT06270602), provides personalized nutritional pathway early screening Using approach, provide distinct profiles valuable insights into factors risk. This approach clinical practice could help define categories, ensure most appropriate strategies, improve patient outcomes by providing data-driven care.

Language: Английский

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Nutritional interventions during treatment for ovarian cancer: A narrative review and recommendations for future research

Maturitas, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 183, P. 107938 - 107938

Published: Feb. 10, 2024

Most women with ovarian cancer are diagnosed at an advanced stage (stage III or IV), when the intraabdominal spread of tumour impacts nutrient intake and absorption. Up to 70 % malnourished approximately 40 affected by muscle loss time diagnosis. Women high risk nutritional decline during invasive treatment severity side-effects. This review explores evidence evaluating interventions for their effect on status, mass, clinical outcomes. Perioperative immunonutrition has been investigated mixed results immediate postoperative Individualised nutrition counselling as part a multimodal prehabilitation programme prior surgery shows promising results; however, effects limited sample size. Nutrition intervention exercise acceptability suggests improvements in dietary quality life chemotherapy treatment, while oral supplements education appear reduce symptom burden. also appears be associated improved overall survival; is single retrospective study. A key finding from this that, despite prevalence malnutrition critical importance addressing these modifiable prognostic factors, studies limited. Prospective samples large enough provide adequate power evaluate effectiveness urgently required inform optimal management.

Language: Английский

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Risk factors for low muscle mass, malnutrition, and (probable-) sarcopenia in adults with or without a history of cancer in the UK Biobank

Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(7), P. 1736 - 1746

Published: May 29, 2024

Early identification of people at risk cancer-related malnutrition, low muscle mass (LMM) and sarcopenia is crucial to mitigate the impact adverse outcomes. This study investigated factors associated with LMM, malnutrition (probable-) whether these varied in or without a history cancer.

Language: Английский

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Preoperative blood-based nutritional biomarkers as significant prognostic factors after intravesical BCG therapy in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer

World Journal of Urology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 42(1)

Published: July 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Impact of imaging-diagnosed sarcopenia on outcomes in patients with biliary tract cancer after surgical resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

World Journal of Surgical Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Sept. 2, 2024

Sarcopenia has been associated with poor prognosis in patients malignant tumors. However, its impact on the outcomes of biliary tract cancer (BTC) undergoing surgical resection remains unclear and warrants further review. This study aims to summarize available evidence this issue. A systematic search was conducted PubMed, Embase, Web Science, Cochrane Library for eligible studies up March 10, 2024. We extracted data overall survival (OS), recurrence free (RFS), postoperative major complications from included as interest. Following synthesis analysis, we assessed heterogeneity performed subgroup analyses. Additionally, potential publication bias evaluated. total 26 involving 4292 BTC were ultimately retrieved. The findings indicated that sarcopenia significantly reduced OS after surgery (adjusted HR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.65–2.48, P < 0.001, I2 = 57.4%). Moreover, may also be linked poorer RFS 2.15, 1.79–2.59, 0%) increased (OR: 1.22, CI 1.02–1.47, 0.033, 29.2%) well. Notably, no significant detected through funnel plots Egger's tests. is following surgery. it serve a prognostic indicator complications. Further are warrant standardize existing definitions validate these findings.

Language: Английский

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