Advances in medical diagnosis, treatment, and care (AMDTC) book series,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 205 - 234
Published: Aug. 28, 2024
Bispecific
T-cell
engagers
(BiTEs)
is
a
novel
subclass
of
T-cell-engaging
bispecific
antibodies
(bulbs)
that
are
promising
for
the
treatment
cancer.
BiTEs
direct
cytotoxic
activity
towards
malignant
cells,
resulting
in
targeted
destruction
tumor
cells.
This
chapter
provides
an
overview
current
landscape
BiTE
therapy,
highlighting
its
efficacy
hematologic
malignancies
such
as
B-cell
acute
lymphoblastic
leukemia
(B-ALL)
and
exploring
potential
applications
solid
tumors.
Additionally,
challenges
immunogenicity,
stability,
off-target
effects
were
discussed,
alongside
ongoing
efforts
to
overcome
these
obstacles
through
protein
engineering
combination
therapies.
Future
directions
therapy
include
optimizing
delivery
methods
strategies.
Overall,
represents
approach
cancer
treatment,
with
revolutionize
immunotherapy
improve
patient
outcomes.
Cancer Biology & Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(1)
Published: May 27, 2024
Novel
T-cell
immunotherapies
such
as
bispecific
engagers
(BiTEs)
are
emerging
promising
therapeutic
strategies
for
prostate
cancer.
BiTEs
engineered
antibodies
containing
two
distinct
binding
domains
that
allow
concurrent
to
tumor-associated
antigens
(TAAs)
well
immune
effector
cells,
thus
promoting
an
response
against
cancer
cells.
Prostate
is
rich
in
tumor
associated
as,
but
not
limited
to,
PSMA,
PSCA,
hK2,
and
STEAP1
there
strong
biologic
rationale
employment
of
redirecting
within
the
disease
space.
Early
generation
BiTE
constructs
employed
clinical
study
have
demonstrated
meaningful
antitumor
activity,
challenges
related
drug
delivery,
immunogenicity,
treatment-associated
adverse
effects
their
success.
The
ongoing
development
novel
continues
address
these
barriers
yield
results
terms
efficacy
safety.
This
review
will
highlight
some
most
recent
developments
therapies
patients
with
advanced
evolving
data
surrounding
undergoing
evaluation.
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(8), P. 1046 - 1046
Published: Aug. 6, 2024
Uveal
melanoma
represents
a
rare
and
aggressive
subtype
of
with
limited
treatment
options
poor
prognosis,
especially
in
the
metastatic
setting.
Tebentafusp,
bispecific
fusion
protein,
offers
promising
therapeutic
approach
by
targeting
gp100,
an
antigen
highly
expressed
uveal
cells,
redirecting
T
cell-mediated
cytotoxicity
towards
tumor
cells.
This
review
provides
overview
preclinical
clinical
data
on
tebentafusp
management
melanoma.
We
summarize
mechanism
action,
efficacy,
safety
profile,
ongoing
research
efforts
surrounding
this
innovative
immunotherapy.
Preclinical
studies
have
demonstrated
ability
to
induce
potent
specific
anti-tumor
immune
responses
against
gp100-expressing
Clinical
trials
shown
encouraging
results,
exhibiting
meaningful
activity
subset
patients
Importantly,
has
also
manageable
profile.
By
specifically
cells
expressing
avenue
for
individuals
melanoma,
meeting
significant
need
context.
Continued
will
provide
additional
insights
into
impact
treatment-resistant
cutaneous
Furthermore,
we
are
exploring
potential
cell
engagers
directed
cancer
testis
PRAME,
which
could
widespread
utility
as
well
other
PRAME-expressing
malignancies.
Current Oncology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
30(9), P. 8501 - 8549
Published: Sept. 15, 2023
Glioblastoma
is
the
most
common
malignant
primary
brain
tumor
in
adults.
The
prognosis
extremely
poor
even
with
standard
treatment
of
maximal
safe
resection,
radiotherapy,
and
chemotherapy.
Recurrence
inevitable
within
months,
options
are
very
limited.
Chimeric
antigen
receptor
T-cell
therapy
(CART)
bispecific
engagers
(TCEs)
two
emerging
immunotherapies
that
can
redirect
T-cells
for
tumor-specific
killing
have
shown
remarkable
success
hematological
malignancies
been
under
extensive
study
application
glioblastoma.
While
there
multiple
clinical
trials
showing
preliminary
evidence
safety
efficacy
CART,
TCEs
still
early
stages
testing,
preclinical
studies
promising
results.
However,
shared
challenges
need
to
be
addressed
future,
including
route
delivery,
escape,
immunosuppressive
microenvironment,
toxicity
resulting
from
limited
choice
antigens.
Efforts
underway
optimize
design
both
these
treatments
find
ideal
combination
overcome
challenges.
In
this
review,
we
describe
work
has
performed
as
well
novel
approaches
glioblastoma
other
solid
tumors
may
applicable
future.
Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1), P. 105 - 138
Published: Jan. 26, 2024
Antibody-based
therapeutics
constitute
a
rapidly
growing
class
of
pharmaceutical
compounds.
However,
monoclonal
antibodies,
which
specifically
engage
only
one
target,
often
lack
the
mechanistic
intricacy
to
treat
complex
diseases.
To
expand
utility
antibody
therapies,
significant
efforts
have
been
invested
in
designing
multispecific
multiple
targets
using
single
molecule.
These
culminated
remarkable
translational
progress,
including
nine
US
Food
and
Drug
Administration–approved
with
countless
others
various
stages
preclinical
or
clinical
development.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
several
categories
antibodies
that
achieved
approval
shown
promise
earlier
We
focus
on
molecular
mechanisms
used
by
how
these
inform
their
customized
design
formulation.
particular,
target
disease
markers,
multiparatopic
immune-interfacing
antibodies.
Overall,
innovative
designs
are
fueling
exciting
advances
across
immunotherapeutic
landscape.
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: May 30, 2024
Metastatic
castrate
resistant
prostate
cancer
(mCRPC)
continues
to
have
poor
survival
rates
due
limited
treatment
options.
Bi-specific
T
cell
engagers
(BiTEs)
are
a
promising
class
of
novel
immunotherapies
with
demonstrated
success
in
haematological
malignancies
and
melanoma.
BiTEs
developed
for
tumour
associated
antigens
entered
clinical
testing.
These
trials
been
hampered
by
high
related
adverse
events,
minimal
or
transient
anti-tumour
efficacy
generation
titres
anti-drug
antibodies.
This
paper
aims
analyse
the
challenges
faced
different
BiTE
therapy
constructs
mCRPC
microenvironment
that
result
therapeutic
resistance
identify
possible
strategies
overcome
these
issues.
Cancer Drug Resistance,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 19, 2025
Metastatic
castration-resistant
prostate
cancer
(mCRPC)
is
driven
by
a
complex
network
of
resistance
mechanisms
against
standard-of-care
therapies,
resulting
in
poor
long-term
outcomes.
This
review
offers
uniquely
comprehensive
and
integrative
perspective
on
these
pathways,
systematically
examining
both
androgen
receptor
(AR)-dependent
factors
(including
AR
overexpression,
point
mutations,
glucocorticoid
signaling,
splice
variants,
post-translational
modifications,
altered
coregulators,
intratumoral
hormone
biosynthesis)
AR-independent
pathways
(such
as
neuroendocrine
differentiation,
lineage
plasticity,
alternative
growth
factor
signaling).
We
also
highlight
influencing
immunotherapy,
chemotherapy,
radiopharmaceutical
therapy
targeted
therapy.
By
synthesizing
emerging
insights
across
domains,
this
not
only
clarifies
the
underlying
biology
mCRPC
but
identifies
key
leverage
points
for
more
effective
interventions.
Building
foundation,
we
propose
forward-looking
framework
overcoming
drug
resistance,
emphasizing
importance
biomarker-guided
patient
selection,
combination
strategies
that
simultaneously
target
multiple
mechanisms,
novel
therapies
under
investigation.
These
recommendations
are
intended
to
guide
future
clinical
trial
designs
research
priorities
move
beyond
incremental
improvements.
Ultimately,
synthesis
aims
serve
resource
clinicians
researchers
accelerate
development
durable,
precision-based
treatment
mCRPC.
