Precision medicine in gynecological cancer (Review)

Biomedical Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(3)

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

The advent of personalized and precision medicine has revolutionized oncology treatment gynecological cancer. These innovative approaches tailor treatments to individual patient profiles beyond genetic markers considering environmental lifestyle factors, thereby optimizing therapeutic efficacy minimizing adverse effects. Precision uses advanced genomic technologies such as next‑generation sequencing perform comprehensive tumor profiling. This allows identification distinct mutations, expression patterns signaling pathway alterations, revealing the complex molecular landscape cancer ovarian, cervical uterine A major challenge in treating these cancers is their inherent heterogeneity, which can influence behavior, therapy response prognosis. aims overcome this by identifying biomarkers drivers for targeted selection. For example, breast (BRCA) gene mutations ovarian guided use poly (ADP‑ribose) polymerase inhibitors, leading more effective with fewer side Similar therapies immunotherapies have also been developed cancer, marking progress toward care. Future directions emphasize importance profiling development therapies. By understanding unique features each patient, clinicians select most strategies improve outcomes quality life.

Language: Английский

---

DLAT is involved in ovarian cancer progression by modulating lipid metabolism through the JAK2/STAT5A/SREBP1 signaling pathway

Cancer Cell International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Opportunities and Challenges in Antibody–Drug Conjugates for Cancer Therapy: A New Era for Cancer Treatment

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 958 - 958

Published: March 12, 2025

The antibody, linker, and payload moieties all play a significant role in giving the ADC its unique therapeutic potential. antibody subclass employed ADCs is determined based on relative individual receptor affinities pharmacokinetics. Meanwhile, linker used an can either be cleavable or non-cleavable. therapy comprises antibody-dependent mechanisms addition to direct cytotoxic effects of payload. These include cellular cytotoxicity, complement-dependent phagocytosis, as well “bystander effect”, which refers diffusion portion molecules out target cell, exerting effect adjacent cells. Target antigens are expected expressed membranes cancer cells facing external matrix, although new approaches utilize regarding tumor-associated cells, tumor microenvironment, vasculature. not only determine efficacy these agents but also impact off-targets related adverse effects. majority ADC-related toxicities associated with off-targets. proposed resistance disrupted intracellular drug trafficking, dysfunctional lysosomal processing, efflux molecule via ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. latter mechanism especially prominent for multi-drug-resistant tumors. An important limitation penetration conjugate into microenvironment their delivery Cancerous tissues’ vascular profile steric “binding site barrier” formed around peripheral vessels tumors stand potential challenges solid As research efforts focus reducing toxicities, overcoming resistance, improving pharmacokinetics, options continue diversify, including standalone combination therapies.

Language: Английский

---

Precision Medicine in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer: Targeted Therapies and the Challenge of Chemoresistance

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(6), P. 2545 - 2545

Published: March 12, 2025

The poor prognosis for high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), the dominant subtype of cancer, reflects its aggressive nature, late diagnosis, and highest mortality rate among all gynaecologic cancers. Apart from main reason unsuccessful treatment is primarily emergence chemoresistance to carboplatin. Although there a good response primary treatment, disease recurs in 80% cases, at which point it largely resistant introduction novel targeted therapies second decade 21st century has begun transform HGSOC, although their impact on overall survival remains unsatisfactory. Targeting specific pathways known be abnormally activated HGSOC especially difficult due molecular diversity subtypes. Moreover, range changes are associated with acquired chemoresistance, e.g., reversion BRCA1 BRCA2 germline alleles. In this review, we examine advantages disadvantages approved therapies, including bevacizumab, PARP inhibitors (PARPis), treatments targeting cells neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK), B-rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (BRAF), rearranged during transfection (RET) gene alterations, as well antibody–drug conjugates. Additionally, explore promising new targets under investigation ongoing clinical trials, such immune checkpoint inhibitors, anti-angiogenic agents, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) Wee1 ataxia telangiectasia Rad3-related protein (ATR) platinum-resistant disease. Despite development carboplatin fundamental medicine therapy. correct choice strategy better patients advanced should therefore include prediction patients’ risks developing platinum-based chemotherapy. effective therapy requires selection who likely derive benefit while minimizing potential adverse effects, underscoring essence precision medicine.

Language: Английский

---

Current status and challenges in training the next generation of gynecologic cancer care providers in Asia

Journal of Gynecologic Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 36

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Gynecologic oncology is undergoing rapid development with continuous advances in treatment strategies, surgical techniques, and clinical research. Training programs must keep pace by providing future specialists the necessary skills a solid understanding of evolving practices. This study aimed to examine current state gynecologic training Asia identify key challenges opportunities for improvement. A descriptive survey was conducted October 2023 under leadership Education Committee Asian Society Oncology (ASGO). Key stakeholders involved policy-making from eight countries regions (China, Hong Kong SAR, India, Japan, Philippines, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand) responded an online questionnaire assessing structure quality their national programs. Six countries/regions have official societies. duration three years or more five two remaining three. Seven reported conducting formal assessments skills. While offered adequate exposure minimally invasive surgery, noted limitations. Satisfaction research overall also varied. The most frequently cited concern lack standardized curricula. regional overview reveals notable differences approaches across Asia. Standardizing educational frameworks expanding collaborative initiatives - such as virtual tumor boards, elective rotations, skills-based workshops may help address gaps strengthen region.

Language: Английский

---

Genome Editing in Gynecological Oncology: The Emerging Role of CRISPR/Cas9 in Precision Cancer Therapy

Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 20, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Electronic patient-reported outcome measures (ePROs) as tools for assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in women with gynecologic and breast cancers: a systematic review

Digital Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

To provide a comprehensive review of the use electronic patient-reported outcomes measures (ePROs) as digital health tools to assess health-related quality life (HRQoL) in women with breast, ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers.

Language: Английский

---

Strategies, Challenges, and Prospects of Nanoparticles in Gynecological Malignancies

ACS Omega, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(36), P. 37459 - 37504

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Gynecologic cancers are a significant health issue for women globally. Early detection and successful treatment of these tumors crucial the survival female patients. Conventional therapies often ineffective harsh, particularly in advanced stages, necessitating exploration new therapy options. Nanotechnology offers novel approach to biomedicine. A biosensor utilizing bionanotechnology can be employed early tumor identification due distinctive physical chemical characteristics nanoparticles. Nanoparticles have been rapidly applied field gynecologic malignancies, leading advancements recent years. This study highlights significance nanoparticles treating gynecological cancers. It focuses on using precise diagnosis continuous monitoring disease, innovative imaging, analytic methods, as well multifunctional drug delivery systems targeted therapies. review examines several nanocarrier systems, such dendrimers, liposomes, nanocapsules, nanomicelles, malignancies. The also enhanced therapeutic potential ligand-functionalized nanoformulations compared nonfunctionalized anoformulations. In conclusion, text discusses constraints future prospects chemotherapeutics. will offer methods diagnosing

Language: Английский

---

Machine-learning diagnostic models for ovarian tumors

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(19), P. e36994 - e36994

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

To create a diagnostic framework for clinical behavior and pathological tissue prognosis in ovarian cancer by using machine-learning (ML) methods based on multiple biomarkers.

Language: Английский

---

Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients with Gynecological Cancers: A Population-based Cohort Study

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 14, 2024

ABSTRACT Objective The survival rate of gynecological cancers (GCs) has improved significantly in recent decades. Patients with GCs did not necessarily succumb to the primary cancer. Cardiovascular health might be a critical determinant long-term survival. This study aimed investigate mortality and risk factors associated cardiovascular disease (CVD) death patients GCs. Methods A total 399,399 cases diagnosed between 2000 2020 from Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results (SEER) database were included this study. standardized ratio (SMR) for CVD was estimated. Prognostic assessed using cause-specific hazard ratios 95% confidence intervals within competing model, considering non-cardiovascular as risk. Of GCs, 117,551 (29%) died 16,371 (4.1%) CVD. deaths, 73.2% attributed heart disease. SMR highest survivors before age 45 years, remained elevated throughout follow-up period compared general United States (US) population. In SMRs increased steadily all subtypes except vulvar Older age, black race, localized stage, unmarried/single/divorced, vaginal cancers, radiation therapy higher mortality. nomogram developed validated these variables predict Conclusions US constructed forecast individuals More attention should paid during diagnosis improve rates. HIGHLIGHTS ⇒ 29% cancer, while 4.1% CVD, deaths across GC subtypes, Higher linked older unmarried/single/divorced status, prior therapy, especially cancers. We patients, aiding personalized patient management.

Language: Английский

---