The Pleiotropic Effects of Lipid-Modifying Interventions: Exploring Traditional and Emerging Hypolipidemic Therapies

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 388 - 388

Published: July 17, 2024

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease poses a significant global health issue, with dyslipidemia standing out as major risk factor. In recent decades, lipid-lowering therapies have evolved significantly, statins emerging the cornerstone treatment. These interventions play crucial role in both primary and secondary prevention by effectively reducing through lipid profile enhancements. Beyond their effects, extensive research indicates that these exhibit pleiotropic actions, offering additional benefits. include anti-inflammatory properties, improvements vascular glucose metabolism, potential implications cancer management. While ezetimibe been extensively studied, newer agents also demonstrate similar even absence of direct This narrative review explores diverse properties lipid-modifying therapies, emphasizing non-lipid effects contribute to burden exploring benefits for non-cardiovascular conditions. Mechanistic insights into actions are discussed alongside therapeutic implications.

Language: Английский

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High Concentrations of Se Inhibited the Growth of Rice Seedlings

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 1580 - 1580

Published: June 6, 2024

Selenium (Se) is crucial for both plants and humans, with acting as the main source human Se intake. In plants, moderate enhances growth increases stress resistance, whereas excessive leads to toxicity. The physiological mechanisms by which influences rice seedlings’ are poorly understood require additional research. order study effects of selenium on seedlings, plant phenotype analysis, root scanning, metal ion content determination, response index hormone level quantitative PCR (qPCR), other methods were used. Our findings indicated that sodium selenite had dual seedling under hydroponic conditions. At low concentrations, treatment promotes enhancing biomass, length, antioxidant capacity. Conversely, high concentrations impair damage rice, evidenced leaf yellowing, reduced chlorophyll content, decreased stunted growth. Elevated levels also significantly affect antioxidase activities proline, malondialdehyde, ions, various phytohormones metabolism, transport, genes in rice. adverse may directly disrupt protein synthesis or indirectly induce oxidative altering absorption compounds. This aims elucidate responses toxicity lay groundwork development Se-enriched varieties.

Language: Английский

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SUPLEMENTOS ALIMENTARES: CONHECIMENTO, PERCEPÇÃO DA EFICÁCIA E FORMAS DE AQUISIÇÃO

Revista Contemporânea, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(3), P. e7773 - e7773

Published: March 25, 2025

Introdução: Verifica-se um uso crescente de suplementos alimentares (SA), por parte da população em geral, não existindo quaisquer restrições à sua aquisição, estando os mesmos disponíveis estabelecimentos tão variados como superfícies retalho e distribuição, espaços saúde farmácias. A aquisição é feita quer conselho especialistas, iniciativa própria ou conhecido(a)s. eficácia segurança dos SA dependem qualidade do produto toma adequada, que também condicionam possíveis interações efeitos adversos. Sendo género alimentício necessário haver uma fiscalização rigorosa para preservar o bem-estar consumidores. Objetivo: Avaliar grau conhecimento a perceção investigar relação com tipo agente aconselhamento na aquisição. Material Métodos: Foi utilizado questionário original construído validado pelos autores, colocado online durante dois meses dirigido á ativa. amostra constituída 134 indivíduos (62 homens 72 mulheres) idades 16 57 anos. Resultados: Em quatro das oito categorias – vitaminas, minerais, antioxidantes usados emagrecimento, verificou-se associação significativa, maior acontecer quando feito especialistas apesar de, todos SA, ser maioritariamente Conclusão: termos percentuais, são individuos mais velhos têm consumo, embora tenham menor suplementos, exceção próbioticos, emagrecimento energéticos consideram eficazes. As vitaminas De referir apenas cerca 30% inquiridos utilizam suplementos.

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VITAMINS and DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS in CANCER TREATMENT: IS THERE a NEED for INCREASED USAGE?

Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 24

Published: May 5, 2025

Vitamins are essential for homeostasis and proper functioning of organisms. These micronutrients prevent tumor onset by as antioxidants enzymatic cofactors involved in anti-stress immune responses, modulating epigenetic regulators, shaping the microbiota composition. Unbalanced diets sedentary lifestyles contribute to obesity, associated with increasing cancer risk. Cancer patients often exhibit vitamin deficiencies due chronic inflammation, anticancer therapies, tumor-induced metabolic changes, leading malnutrition cachexia. This review critically analyzes preclinical clinical studies, sourced from PubMed ClinicalTrials.gov databases, that investigate potential benefits supplementation dietary interventions, such intermittent fasting ketogenic diets, mouse models patients. analysis elucidates limitations interventions suggests optimal strategies enhance patients' quality life prognosis. To date, studies have found no substantial benefit over-the-counter supplements on health spread useless potentially harmful products nutraceutical industry, establishing a regulatory authority is necessary monitor ensure product validity before commercialization.

Language: Английский

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Deciphering microbial and metabolic influences in gastrointestinal diseases-unveiling their roles in gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: May 16, 2025

Gastrointestinal disorders (GIDs) affect nearly 40% of the global population, with gut microbiome-metabolome interactions playing a crucial role in gastric cancer (GC), colorectal (CRC), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aims to investigate how microbial metabolic alterations contribute development assess whether biomarkers identified one could potentially be used predict another, highlighting cross-disease applicability. Microbiome metabolome datasets from Erawijantari et al. (GC: n = 42, Healthy: 54), Franzosa (IBD: 164, 56), Yachida (CRC: 150, 127) were subjected three machine learning algorithms, eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), Random Forest, Least Absolute Shrinkage Selection Operator (LASSO). Feature selection metabolite unique each shared across conditions. A community (MICOM) model simulated growth fluxes, revealing differences between healthy diseased states. Finally, network analysis uncovered clusters associated traits. Combined models demonstrated strong predictive performance, Forest achieving highest Area Under Curve(AUC) scores for GC(0.94[0.83-1.00]), CRC (0.75[0.62-0.86]), IBD (0.93[0.86-0.98]). These then employed analysis, that trained on GC data successfully predicted biomarkers, while optimal performance scores. findings emphasize potential profiling characterization particularly GIDs, advancing biomarker discovery improved diagnostics targeted therapies.

Language: Английский

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Unraveling the interplay between sleep, redox metabolism, and aging: implications for brain health and longevity

Frontiers in Aging, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: May 21, 2025

The relationship between sleep and metabolism has emerged as a critical factor in aging age-related diseases, including Alzheimer's disease dementia. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, essential for neuronal energy production, also generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which increase with age contribute to stress. Sleep plays vital role modulating redox balance, facilitating the clearance of free radicals, supporting mitochondrial function. Disruptions are closely linked imbalances, emerging evidence suggests that pharmacological interventions, such dual orexin receptor antagonists antioxidant-based therapies, may help restore homeostasis. Furthermore, antioxidant-rich diets supplements have shown promise improving both quality metabolic health populations. Neurons, their high demands, particularly vulnerable damage, making regulation crucial maintaining brain integrity. This review explores bidirectional through five key areas: (1) sleep's radical regulation, (2) ROS mediators disturbances, (3) feedback loops impaired metabolism, (4) sleep, redox, peripheral systems, (5) therapeutic strategies balance improve outcomes. Understanding these mechanisms provide new targets interventions aimed at mitigating age-associated diseases.

Language: Английский

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Vitamin B6 Pathway Maintains Glioblastoma Cell Survival in 3D Spheroid Cultures

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(19), P. 10428 - 10428

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a deadly brain cancer. The prognosis of GBM patients has marginally improved over the last three decades. response GBMs to initial treatment inevitably followed by relapse. Thus, there an urgent need identify and develop new therapeutics target this cancer improve both patient outcomes long-term survival. Metabolic reprogramming considered one hallmarks cancers. However, cell-based studies fail accurately recapitulate in vivo tumour microenvironment that influences metabolic signalling rewiring. Against backdrop, we conducted global, untargeted metabolomics analysis G7 R24 2D monolayers 3D spheroid cultures under identical cell culture conditions. Our revealed levels multiple metabolites associated with vitamin B6 pathway were significantly altered spheroids compared monolayer cultures. Importantly, show pharmacological intervention hydralazine, small molecule reduces levels, resulted death our study shows inhibition novel therapeutic strategy for development targeted therapies GBMs.

Language: Английский

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Nutraceuticals: a promising, yet unregulated Frontier in Healthcare

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Global trends and risk factors in gastric cancer: a comprehensive analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 and multi-omics data

International Journal of Medical Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. 341 - 356

Published: Dec. 31, 2024

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) remains a significant global health challenge.This study aimed to comprehensively analyze GC epidemiology and risk factors inform prevention intervention strategies.Methods: We analyzed the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 data, conducted 16 different machine learning (ML) models NHANES performed Mendelian randomization (MR) studies on disease phenotypes, dietary preferences, microbiome, blood-based markers, integrated differential gene expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data from multiple cohorts identify associated with risk.Results: age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rates (ASDR) for declined 886.24 358.42 per 100,000 population between 1990 2030, regional disparities.Despite this decline, total years show concerning upward trend 2015, rising approximately 22.9 million projected 24.3 by 2030.The slope index inequality shifted 87 in -184 2021, indicating reversal burden distribution, higher ASDR now lower socio-demographic countries.The ML analysis identified levels clinical characteristics such as phosphorus, calcium, eosinophils percent, triglycerides, well iron monocyte may be an increased GC.MR analyses revealed causal associations phenotypes Helicobacter pylori infection, chronic gastritis, obesity, depression, preferences dairy processed meats.Gut microbiome showed Phascolarctobacterium Ruminococcaceae species.Blood-based markers protective effects cortisol, glutamate, nicotinamide, Natural Killer %lymphocyte, CD4-CD8-T cell Absolute Count, Phosphatidylcholine (16:0_18:1), Interleukin-1-alpha. Integrated genomic 10 genes significantly risk, strong evidence colocalization CCR6 PILRB.Conclusions: This systematic reveals complex trends identifies novel clinical, microbial, blood-based, genetic factors.These findings provide potential targets improved stratification, prevention, strategies reduce GC.

Language: Английский

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