Molecular Heterogeneity in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: Pathway-Specific Insights in High-Risk Populations

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 1325 - 1325

Published: April 15, 2025

Background/Objectives: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC), defined as diagnosis before age 50, has been rising at an alarming rate, with Hispanic/Latino (H/L) individuals experiencing the most significant increases in both and mortality. Despite this growing public health concern, molecular mechanisms driving EOCRC disparities remain poorly understood. Oncogenic pathways such WNT, TGF-beta, RTK/RAS are critical (CRC) progression, yet their specific roles across diverse populations have not extensively studied. This research seeks to identify alterations within these by comparing cases H/L non-Hispanic White (NHW) individuals. Furthermore, we explore clinical significance findings inform precision medicine strategies tailored high-risk populations. Methods: To investigate mutation frequencies genes associated pathways, conducted a bioinformatics analysis using publicly available CRC datasets. study cohort consisted 3412 patients, including 302 3110 NHW patients were categorized based on (EOCRC: <50 years; late-onset [LOCRC]: ≥50 years) population group (H/L vs. NHW) assess variations prevalence. Statistical comparisons rates between groups chi-squared tests, while Kaplan–Meier survival was employed evaluate overall differences pathway alterations. Results: Notable distinctions identified LOCRC among exhibiting lower frequency compared (66.7% 79.3%, p = 0.01). Within pathway, mutations CBL (p < 0.05) NF1 significantly more prevalent (5.8% 1.2% 11.6% 3.7%, respectively), whereas BRAF notably less frequent than (5.1% 18.3%, 0.05). Comparisons from revealed distinct pathway-specific that common These included RNF43 (12.3% 6.7%, WNT BMPR1A 1.8%, TGF-beta multiple alterations, MAPK3 (3.6% 0.7%, 0.05), 1.4%, (11.6% 6.1%, Survival did reveal statistically However, presence improved outcomes, suggesting potential ethnicity-specific prognostic implications. Conclusions: highlights substantial heterogeneity present EOCRC, particularly exhibited genetic higher prevalence CBL, NF1, RNF43, BMPR1A, counterparts. Additionally, LOCRC. differences, impact outcomes patients. survival. emphasize necessity for further clarify underrepresented groups.

Language: Английский

Next-Generation Sequencing Demonstrates Racial and Sex Differences in Genomic Profiling of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients: An AACR GENIE Project Analysis

HPB, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский