Hepatic Iron Overload and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: New Insights into Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 392 - 392

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of primary liver cancer, is rising in global incidence and mortality. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic disease (MASLD), one leading causes chronic disease, strongly linked to metabolic conditions that can progress cirrhosis HCC. Iron overload (IO), whether inherited or acquired, results abnormal iron hepatic deposition, significantly impacting MASLD development progression While pathophysiological connections between IO, MASLD, HCC are not fully understood, dysregulation glucose lipid metabolism IO-induced oxidative stress being investigated as drivers. Genomic analyses IO reveal inconsistencies association certain mutations with malignancies. Moreover, also associated hepcidin activation ferroptosis, representing promising targets for risk assessment therapeutic intervention. Understanding relationship essential advancing clinical strategies against progression, particularly recent IO-targeted therapies showing potential at improving biochemistry insulin sensitivity. In this review, we summarize current evidence on HCC, underscoring importance early diagnosis, stratification, targeted treatment these interconnected conditions.

Language: Английский

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications of the SUMOylation Pathway in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 631 - 631

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Epigenetics encompasses heritable and stable changes in gene expression caused by external chromosomal modifications, without altering the underlying DNA sequence. Epigenetic established during early development maintained through successive cell divisions, play a critical role regulating expression. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are key aspect of epigenetics essential for modulating protein functionality, as well regulatory cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, metabolic pathways, tumorigenic events. Among these, small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMOylation) system is reversible PTM mechanism that alters target interaction surfaces covalent binding to lysine residues, thereby influencing structure function. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) highly aggressive malignancy characterized clonal expansion primitive hematopoietic stem cells lineage bone marrow. Despite recent advancements therapeutic strategies an improved understanding leukemogenic patient outcomes remain poor, particularly elderly populations. Consequently, efforts have focused on developing novel agents, co-targeting specific mutations or integrating targeted therapies into combinatorial chemotherapeutic regimens. Emerging evidence suggests SUMOylation plays significant AML pathogenesis treatment response, representing promising advanced disease cases. This review provides brief analysis functional highlights its potential target. We also discuss current knowledge gaps propose directions future research advance precision medicine approaches treatment.

Language: Английский