Apoptosis in Alzheimer’s disease: insight into the signaling pathways and therapeutic avenues

APOPTOSIS, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(7-8), P. 943 - 957

Published: April 26, 2023

Language: Английский

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The Role of Silver Nanoparticles in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer: Are There Any Perspectives for the Future?

Life, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 466 - 466

Published: Feb. 7, 2023

Cancer is a fatal disease with complex pathophysiology. Lack of specificity and cytotoxicity, as well the multidrug resistance traditional cancer chemotherapy, are most common limitations that often cause treatment failure. Thus, in recent years, significant efforts have concentrated on development modernistic field called nano-oncology, which provides possibility using nanoparticles (NPs) aim to detect, target, treat diseases. In comparison conventional anticancer strategies, NPs provide targeted approach, preventing undesirable side effects. What more, nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems shown good pharmacokinetics precise targeting, reduced resistance. It has been documented that, cells, promote reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, induce cell cycle arrest apoptosis, activate ER (endoplasmic reticulum) stress, modulate various signaling pathways, etc. Furthermore, their ability inhibit tumor growth vivo also documented. this paper, we reviewed role silver (AgNPs) nanomedicine, discussing numerous mechanisms by they render properties under both vitro conditions, potential diagnosis cancer.

Language: Английский

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Reigniting hope in cancer treatment: the promise and pitfalls of IL-2 and IL-2R targeting strategies

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: July 29, 2023

Abstract Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and its receptor (IL-2R) are essential in orchestrating immune responses. Their function expression the tumor microenvironment make them attractive targets for immunotherapy, leading to development of IL-2/IL-2R-targeted therapeutic strategies. However, dynamic interplay between IL-2/IL-2R various cells their dual roles promoting activation tolerance presents a complex landscape clinical exploitation. This review discusses pivotal IL-2 IL-2R tumorigenesis, shedding light on potential as diagnostic prognostic markers manipulation cancer. It underlines necessity balance anti-tumor activity with regulatory T-cell expansion evaluates strategies such dose optimization selective targeting enhanced effectiveness. The article explores recent advancements field, including developing genetically engineered variants, combining therapies other cancer treatments, benefits multidimensional approach integrating molecular profiling, immunological analyses, data. concludes that deeper understanding interactions within is crucial realizing full IL-2-based therapies, heralding promise improved outcomes patients.

Language: Английский

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Cancer, metastasis, and the epigenome

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Aug. 2, 2024

Abstract Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and disease burden expected to increase globally throughout next several decades, with majority cancer-related deaths occurring in metastatic disease. Cancers exhibit known hallmarks that endow them increased survival proliferative capacities, frequently as a result de-stabilizing mutations. However, genomic features resolve clones from primary tumors are not yet well-characterized, no mutational landscape has been identified predictive metastasis. Further, many cancers mutation signature. This suggests larger role for non-mutational genome re-organization promoting cancer evolution dissemination. In this review, we highlight current critical needs understanding cell state transitions clonal selection advantages cells. We examine links between epigenetic states, structure, misregulation tumor suppressors oncogenes, discuss how recent technologies domain-scale regulation have leveraged more complete picture oncogenic potential.

Language: Английский

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ERK pathway agonism for cancer therapy: evidence, insights, and a target discovery framework

npj Precision Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: March 14, 2024

At least 40% of human cancers are associated with aberrant ERK pathway activity (ERKp). Inhibitors targeting various effectors within the ERKp have been developed and explored for over two decades. Conversely, a substantial body evidence suggests that both normal cells and, notably to greater extent, cancer exhibit susceptibility hyperactivation ERKp. However, this vulnerability remains relatively unexplored. In review, we reexamine on selective lethality highly elevated in varying backgrounds. We synthesize insights proposed harnessing ERK-associated therapeutical approaches contextualize these established pharmacological cancer-targeting models. Moreover, compile intriguing preclinical findings agonism diverse Lastly, present conceptual framework target discovery regarding agonism, emphasizing utilization mutual exclusivity among oncogenes develop novel targeted therapies precision oncology.

Language: Английский

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Tumor dormancy and relapse: understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer recurrence

Military Medical Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Abstract Cancer recurrence, driven by the phenomenon of tumor dormancy, presents a formidable challenge in oncology. Dormant cancer cells have ability to evade detection and treatment, leading relapse. This review emphasizes urgent need comprehend dormancy its implications for recurrence. Despite notable advancements, significant gaps remain our understanding mechanisms underlying lack reliable biomarkers predicting provides comprehensive analysis cellular, angiogenic, immunological aspects dormancy. It highlights current therapeutic strategies targeting dormant cells, particularly combination therapies immunotherapies, which hold promise preventing By elucidating these proposing innovative research methodologies, this aims deepen ultimately facilitating development more effective recurrence improving patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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BRAF V600E in Cancer: Exploring Structural Complexities, Mutation Profiles, and Pathway Dysregulation

Experimental Cell Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 114440 - 114440

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Angiotensin AT₂Receptor: From a Binding Site to a Novel Therapeutic Target

Pharmacological Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 74(4), P. 1051 - 1135

Published: Sept. 30, 2022

Abstract

Discovered more than 30 years ago, the angiotensin AT₂ receptor (AT₂R) has evolved from a binding site with unknown function to firmly established major effector within protective arm of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and target for new drugs in development. The AT₂R represents an endogenous mechanism that can be manipulated majority preclinical models alleviate lung, renal, cardiovascular, metabolic, cutaneous, neural diseases as well cancer. This article is comprehensive review summarizing our current knowledge AT₂R, its discovery position RAS overall functions. followed by in-depth look at characteristics including structure, intracellular signaling, homo- heterodimerization, expression. AT₂R-selective ligands, peptides synthetic nonpeptide molecules are used research tools, discussed. Finally, we summarize known physiological roles abundant effects multiple experimental disease expound on ligands undergoing development clinical use. present highlights controversial aspects gaps this illuminates future perspectives research.

Significance Statement

now regarded fully functional important component system, potential exerting actions variety diseases. provides view which progressed being enigma becoming therapeutic target.

Language: Английский

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Multiple forms of cell death: A focus on the PI3K/AKT pathway

Journal of Cellular Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 238(9), P. 2026 - 2038

Published: Aug. 10, 2023

Abstract Cell death is a natural biological process that occurs in living organisms. Since 1963, extensive research has shed light on the occurrence, progress, and final outcome of cell death. According to different phenotypes, it classified into types, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, so on. However, regardless form death, what we ultimately expect disappearance abnormal cells, such as tumor while normal cells survive. As result, vital investigate details triggers, potent regulators, executioners. Although significant progress been made understanding molecular pathways many aspects remain unclear because complex regulatory networks cells. Among them, phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT) pathway discovered be crucial regulator process. AKT, proto‐oncogene, become major focus attention medical community due its role regulating multiplicity cellular functions counting metabolism, immunity, proliferation, survival, transcription, protein synthesis. Here, explored connection between PI3K/AKT aiming enhance our comprehension mechanism underlying this Such knowledge may pave way for subsequent development more effective disease treatments, finding suitable targets drug intervention.

Language: Английский

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Multi-target-directed therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer’s disease: controlling amyloid-β aggregation, metal ion homeostasis, and enzyme inhibition

Chemical Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

This review highlights the potential of multi-target-directed strategies that address amyloid-β aggregation, metal ion dyshomeostasis, and enzyme dysfunction, offering a comprehensive effective approach to treating Alzheimer's disease.

Language: Английский

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