NeuroImmune Pharmacology and Therapeutics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
3(2), P. 97 - 111
Published: June 1, 2024
Although
treatable
with
antiretroviral
therapy,
HIV
infection
persists
in
people
living
(PLWH).
It
is
well
known
that
the
virus
finds
refuge
places
for
which
medications
do
not
reach
therapeutic
levels,
mainly
CNS.
clear
as
PLWH
age,
likelihood
of
developing
HIV-associated
neurological
deficits
increases.
At
biochemical
level
dysfunction
manifestation
altered
cellular
function
and
ineffective
intercellular
communication.
In
this
review,
we
examine
how
signaling
brain
disrupted
context
HIV.
Specifically,
concept
blood-brain
barrier
can
be
a
convergence
point
crosstalk,
explored.
Crosstalk
between
cells
neurovascular
unit
(NVU)
(endothelium,
pericytes,
astrocytes,
microglia
neurons)
critical
maintaining
proper
function.
fact,
NVU
allows
rapid
matching
neuronal
metabolic
needs,
regulation
(BBB)
dynamics
nutrient
transport
changes
to
immunosurveillance.
This
review
invites
reader
conceptually
consider
BBB
router
or
facilitate
better
understanding
intricate
events
underpin
during
associated
neuropathology.
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(9), P. 2332 - 2332
Published: Aug. 22, 2023
There
is
a
growing
interest
in
glial
cells
the
central
nervous
system
due
to
their
important
role
maintaining
brain
homeostasis
under
physiological
conditions
and
after
injury.
A
significant
amount
of
evidence
has
been
accumulated
regarding
capacity
exert
either
pro-inflammatory
or
anti-inflammatory
effects
different
pathological
conditions.
In
combination
with
proliferative
potential,
they
contribute
not
only
limitation
damage
tissue
remodeling
but
also
neuronal
repair
synaptic
recovery.
Moreover,
reactive
can
modulate
processes
neurogenesis,
differentiation,
migration
neurons
existing
neural
circuits
adult
brain.
By
discovering
precise
signals
within
specific
niches,
regulation
sequential
neurogenesis
holds
potential
unlock
strategies
that
stimulate
generation
functional
neurons,
whether
response
injury
as
means
addressing
degenerative
neurological
Cerebral
ischemic
stroke,
condition
falling
realm
acute
vascular
disorders
affecting
circulation
brain,
stands
prominent
global
cause
disability
mortality.
Extensive
investigations
into
plasticity
intricate
interactions
other
have
predominantly
relied
on
studies
conducted
experimental
animals,
including
rodents
primates.
However,
valuable
insights
gleaned
from
vivo
involving
poststroke
patients,
utilizing
highly
specialized
imaging
techniques.
Following
attempts
map
cells,
various
transcription
factors
modulating
gene
expression
cerebral
ischemia
gaining
increasing
popularity.
Although
results
obtained
thus
far
remain
incomplete
occasionally
ambiguous,
serve
solid
foundation
for
development
aimed
at
influencing
recovery
process
Reviews in the Neurosciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
35(8), P. 895 - 916
Published: July 5, 2024
The
brain
microenvironment
is
tightly
regulated,
and
the
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB)
plays
a
pivotal
role
in
maintaining
homeostasis
of
central
nervous
system.
It
effectively
safeguards
tissue
from
harmful
substances
peripheral
blood.
However,
both
acute
pathological
factors
age-related
biodegradation
have
potential
to
compromise
integrity
BBB
are
associated
with
chronic
neurodegenerative
diseases
such
as
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
Parkinson's
(PD),
well
Epilepsy
(EP).
This
association
arises
due
infiltration
foreign
bodies
including
microorganisms,
immune-inflammatory
mediators,
plasma
proteins
into
system
when
compromised.
Nevertheless,
these
partial
generalized
understandings
do
not
prompt
shift
passive
active
treatment
approaches.
Therefore,
it
imperative
acquire
comprehensive
in-depth
understanding
intricate
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
vascular
alterations
onset
progression
disorders,
subsequent
homeostatic
changes
triggered
by
impairment.
present
article
aims
systematically
summarize
review
recent
scientific
work
specific
focus
on
elucidating
fundamental
damage
AD,
PD,
EP
their
consequential
impact
progression.
These
findings
only
offer
guidance
for
optimizing
physiological
function
BBB,
but
also
provide
valuable
insights
developing
intervention
strategies
aimed
at
early
restoration
structural
integrity,
thereby
laying
solid
foundation
designing
drug
delivery
centered
around
BBB.
NeuroImmune Pharmacology and Therapeutics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
3(2), P. 97 - 111
Published: June 1, 2024
Although
treatable
with
antiretroviral
therapy,
HIV
infection
persists
in
people
living
(PLWH).
It
is
well
known
that
the
virus
finds
refuge
places
for
which
medications
do
not
reach
therapeutic
levels,
mainly
CNS.
clear
as
PLWH
age,
likelihood
of
developing
HIV-associated
neurological
deficits
increases.
At
biochemical
level
dysfunction
manifestation
altered
cellular
function
and
ineffective
intercellular
communication.
In
this
review,
we
examine
how
signaling
brain
disrupted
context
HIV.
Specifically,
concept
blood-brain
barrier
can
be
a
convergence
point
crosstalk,
explored.
Crosstalk
between
cells
neurovascular
unit
(NVU)
(endothelium,
pericytes,
astrocytes,
microglia
neurons)
critical
maintaining
proper
function.
fact,
NVU
allows
rapid
matching
neuronal
metabolic
needs,
regulation
(BBB)
dynamics
nutrient
transport
changes
to
immunosurveillance.
This
review
invites
reader
conceptually
consider
BBB
router
or
facilitate
better
understanding
intricate
events
underpin
during
associated
neuropathology.
