Exploring the promising potential of induced pluripotent stem cells in cancer research and therapy

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Nov. 28, 2023

The advent of iPSCs has brought about a significant transformation in stem cell research, opening up promising avenues for advancing cancer treatment. formation is multifaceted process influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. offer distinctive platform investigating the origin cancer, paving way novel approaches to treatment, drug testing, tailored medical interventions. This review article will provide an overview science behind iPSCs, current limitations challenges iPSC-based therapy, ethical social implications, comparative analysis with other types also discuss applications tumorigenesis, future tumorigenesis highlight successful case studies utilizing research. conclusion summarize advancements made research importance continued investment iPSC unlock full potential these cells.

Language: Английский

---

Technoethical Considerations for Advancing Health Literacy and Medical Practice

Advances in healthcare information systems and administration book series, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 19

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

The integration of cutting-edge technologies into health literacy and medical practice presents unprecedented opportunities ethical challenges. This chapter delves the technoethical considerations crucial for navigating this new landscape, guided by a posthumanist framework. Embracing framework encourages us to reevaluate traditional boundaries, inviting more inclusive understanding humanity's relationship with technology. also explores intricate between technology ethics, advocating that ensures technological advancements in healthcare are employed ethically, responsibly, deep their societal impact. By doing so, serves as guiding beacon professionals, technologists, ethicists, policymakers, urging future where human values coalesce foster ecosystem is not only advanced but compassionate, equitable, ethically grounded.

Language: Английский

---

Datopotamab Deruxtecan in Advanced or Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer With Actionable Genomic Alterations: Results From the Phase II TROPION-Lung05 Study

Journal of Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

PURPOSE Datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) is a trophoblast cell-surface antigen-2–directed antibody-drug conjugate with highly potent topoisomerase I inhibitor payload. The TROPION-Lung05 phase II trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04484142 ) evaluated the safety and clinical activity of Dato-DXd in patients advanced/metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) actionable genomic alterations progressing on or after targeted therapy platinum-based chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients received 6 mg/kg once every 3 weeks. primary end point was objective response rate (ORR) by blinded independent central review. Secondary points included duration (DOR), safety, tolerability, survival. RESULTS Among 137 who at least 1 dose Dato-DXd, 71.5% three lines prior therapies for disease. Overall, 56.9% had EGFR mutations 24.8% ALK rearrangements. Median treatment 4.4 months (range, 0.7-20.6). confirmed ORR 35.8% (95% CI, 27.8 to 44.4) overall, 43.6% 32.4 55.3) 23.5% 10.7 41.2) those rearrangements, respectively. median DOR 7.0 4.2 9.8), overall disease control 78.8% 71.0 85.3). Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred 28.5% patients. most common TRAE stomatitis (preferred term; any grade: 56.2%; grade ≥3: 9.5%). Five (3.6%) experienced adjudicated interstitial disease/pneumonitis, (0.7%) 5 event. CONCLUSION Encouraging durable antitumor observed this heavily pretreated NSCLC population alterations. toxicities comparable previous observations, no new signals were observed.

Language: Английский

---

Targeting HER3 to overcome EGFR TKI resistance in NSCLC

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play a crucial role in cellular signaling and oncogenic progression. Epidermal growth factor receptor kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKIs) have become the standard treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR-sensitizing mutations, but resistance frequently emerges between 10 to 14 months. A significant this is of human EGFR 3 (HER3), an family member. Despite its significance, effective targeting HER3 still developing. This review aims bridge gap by deeply examining HER3’s pivotal contribution TKI spotlighting emerging HER3-centered therapeutic avenues, including monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), TKIs, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). Preliminary results indicate combining HER3-specific treatments TKIs enhances antitumor effects, leading increased objective response rate (ORR) prolonged overall survival (OS) resistant cases. Embracing HER3-targeting therapies represents transformative approach against emphasizes importance further research optimize patient stratification understand mechanisms.

Language: Английский

---

Ensartinib for advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer with MET exon 14 skipping mutations (EMBRACE): a multi-center, single-arm, phase 2 trial

EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 81, P. 103099 - 103099

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Identification and Application of Emerging Biomarkers in Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Systematic Review

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(13), P. 2338 - 2338

Published: June 26, 2024

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprises approximately 85% of all cases, often diagnosed at advanced stages, which diminishes the effective treatment options and survival rates. This systematic review assesses utility emerging biomarkers-circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), microRNAs (miRNAs), blood mutational burden (bTMB)-enhanced by next-generation sequencing (NGS) to improve diagnostic accuracy, prognostic evaluation, strategies in NSCLC. Analyzing data from 37 studies involving 10,332 patients 2020 2024, highlights how biomarkers like ctDNA PD-L1 expression critically inform selection personalized therapies, particularly beneficial stages These are critical for assessments dynamically adapting plans, where high specific genetic mutations (e.g., ALK fusions, EGFR mutations) significantly guide use targeted therapies immunotherapies. The findings recommend integrating these into standardized clinical pathways maximize their potential enhancing precision, ultimately fostering significant advancements oncology improving patient outcomes quality life. substantiates predictive value emphasizes need ongoing innovation biomarker research.

Language: Английский

---

RGS20 promotes non-small cell lung carcinoma proliferation via autophagy activation and inhibition of the PKA-Hippo signaling pathway

Cancer Cell International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: March 2, 2024

Abstract Background Novel therapeutic targets are urgently needed for treating drug-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and overcoming drug resistance to molecular-targeted therapies. Regulator of G protein signaling 20 (RGS20) is identified as an upregulated factor in many cancers, yet its specific role the mechanism through which RGS20 functions NSCLC remain unclear. Our study aimed identify prognosis delineate associated cellular molecular pathways. Methods Immunohistochemistry tissue microarray were used verify expression between patients. CCK8 cloning conducted determine proliferation ability H1299 Anip973 cells vitro. Furthermore, Transcriptome sequencing was performed show enrichment genes Immunofluorescence detect translocation changes YAP nucleus. Western blotting demonstrated different expressions autophagy Hippo-PKA signal pathway. In vitro vivo experiments verified whether overexpression affect regulating Hippo Results The higher found be significantly correlated with a poorer five-year survival rate. Further, accelerated by increasing autophagy. Transcriptomic suggested involvement pathway action NSCLC. activation reduced phosphorylation facilitated nuclear translocation. Remarkably, inhibiting GA-017 promoted activated knock-down cells. However, forskolin, GPCR activator, increased reversed promoting effect RGS20-overexpressing Lastly, further confirmed aggravating tumorigenicity, proliferation. Conclusion findings indicate that drives triggering via inhibition PKA-Hippo signaling. These insights support promising novel marker target future targeted therapies treatment.

Language: Английский

---

Non-invasive decision support for clinical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer using a multiscale radiomics approach

Radiotherapy and Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 191, P. 110082 - 110082

Published: Jan. 7, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Navigating between Scylla and Charybdis: A roadmap to do better than Pola-RCHP in DLBCL

Cancer Treatment Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124, P. 102691 - 102691

Published: Jan. 21, 2024

In treating diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), oncologists have traditionally relied on the chemotherapy backbone of R-CHOP as standard care. The two dangers that hematologist must navigate between are aggressive disease (Charybdis in absence therapy destroys systematically all ships) and toxicity therapies (Scylla with its six monstrous heads devour crew members at a time), hematologists to very carefully both. Therefore, three different strategies were employed goal improving cure rates: de-escalating regimens, escalating replacement strategies. With strategy, breakthrough treatment was identified polatuzumab vedotin (anti-CD79B antibody/drug conjugate) plus R-CHP. However, this regimen still did not achieve elusive universal rate. Fortunately, advances genomic molecular technologies allowed for an improved understanding heterogenous nature help develop guide more targeted, precise, individualized therapies. Additionally, new pharmaceutical led development novel cellular therapies, such CAR T-cell therapy, could be effective, while maintaining acceptable safety profile. Thus, we aim highlight challenges DLBCL need address therapeutic regimens eventually no longer tethered backbone. intersection artificial intelligence multi-omics (genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics), propose analyze multidimensional biologic data launch decisive attack against targeted fashion.

Language: Английский

---

Racial and Ethnic Inequities at the Practice and Physician Levels in Timely Next-Generation Sequencing for Patients With Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated in the US Community Setting

JCO Oncology Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 370 - 377

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

PURPOSE Racial/ethnic inequities in next-generation sequencing (NGS) were examined for patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) at the practice and physician levels to inform policies improve equitable quality of care. METHODS This retrospective study used a nationwide electronic health record–derived deidentified database aNSCLC diagnosed between April 2018 March 2022 community setting. Timely NGS was an result initial diagnosis ≤60 days after diagnosis. We studied how driven by (1) non-Latinx Black (Black) Latinx patient under-representation high testing practices versus (2) being tested lower rates than White (White) patients, even same practice. defined these two concepts as across inequity within inequity, respectively, total their summation. Mean percentage point estimated using Bayesian approach. RESULTS A 12,045 (9,981 White; 1,528 Black; 536 Latinx) met criteria. At level, mean difference 7.49 8.26 Latinx. Within- across-practice contributed (48% v 52%) (60% 40%). 7.73 8.81 patients. across-physician (77% 23% 67% 33%). CONCLUSION Within-practice, across-practice, main contributors testing, requiring suite interventions effectively address inequities.

Language: Английский

---