Promotion of healthy aging through the nexus of gut microbiota and dietary phytochemicals

Advances in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100376 - 100376

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Aging is associated with the decline of tissue and cellular functions, which can promote development age-related diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, disorders musculoskeletal immune systems. Healthspan length time an individual in good health free from chronic disabilities aging. Two modifiable factors that influence healthspan, healthy aging, prevent diseases, are diet microbiota gastrointestinal tract (gut microbiota). This review will discuss how dietary phytochemicals gut work concert to a First overview provided influences aging through its impact on barrier integrity, function, mitochondria function oxidative stress. Next, mechanisms by effect health, inflammation, nurture diverse microbial composition discussed. Lastly, directly producing bioactive metabolites food urolithin A, equol, hesperetin sulforaphane. These other phytochemical derived may healthspan Importantly, individual's capacity produce promoting cruciferous vegetables, berries, nuts, citrus soy products be dependent specific bacteria present gut.

Language: Английский

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Effects of In Vitro Fermented Pleurotus eryngii on Intestinal Barrier Integrity and Immunomodulation in a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Colonic Model

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 430 - 430

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Background: This study investigates the impact of fermentation supernatants (FSs) from Pleurotus eryngii whole mushrooms (PEWS), as well its subcomponents, digested (PEWSD) and extracted (PEWSE) forms, on intestinal barrier function immune modulation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -stimulated Caco-2 cells. Methods: Gene expression tight junction (TJs) genes, cytokines, key immune/metabolic receptors was assessed via qRT-PCR, while cytokine protein levels were measured using ELISA to explore post-transcriptional regulation. Results: LPS challenge significantly downregulated TJs zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1,) occludin, claudin-1, compromising epithelial integrity. Treatment with FS-PEWS notably restored ZO-1 occludin expression, outperforming FS-PEWSD FS-PEWSE, which only partially mitigated LPS-induced damage. further demonstrated potent immunomodulatory effects, upregulating anti-inflammatory IL-10 pro-inflammatory cytokines such IL-8 TNF-α. The activation like TLR-2 mTOR suggests that modulates critical metabolic pathways, NF-kB signaling, maintain homeostasis. Although mRNA altered, no corresponding release detected, suggesting potential Conclusions: preserves integrity responses, particularly low-grade inflammation, highlighting food matrix’s role enhancing bioactivity functional potential.

Language: Английский

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Macrophages and Gut Barrier Function: Guardians of Gastrointestinal Health in Post-Inflammatory and Post-Infection Responses

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(17), P. 9422 - 9422

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

The gut barrier is essential for protection against pathogens and maintaining homeostasis. Macrophages are key players in the immune system, indispensable intestinal health, contribute to defense repair mechanisms. Understanding multifaceted roles of macrophages can provide critical insights into restoring gastrointestinal (GI) health. This review explores role function their contribution post-inflammatory post-infectious responses gut. significantly integrity through epithelial repair, modulation, interactions with microbiota. They demonstrate active plasticity by switching phenotypes resolve inflammation, facilitate tissue regulate microbial populations following an infection or inflammation. In addition, tissue-resident (M2) infiltration (M1) convert each other problems such as IBS IBD via major signaling pathways mediated NF-κB, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, Toll-like receptors, specific microRNAs miR-155, miR-29, miR-146a, miR-199, which may be good targets new therapeutic approaches. Future research should focus on elucidating detailed molecular mechanisms developing personalized approaches fully harness potential maintain restore permeability

Language: Английский

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Recent advancements in targeting the immune system to treat hypertension

European Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 177008 - 177008

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Control of Neonatal Diarrhea in Piglets with Reduced Antibiotic Use by Application of a Complementary Feed—A Randomized Controlled Farm Trial

Veterinary Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 42 - 42

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

The objective of this farm trial was to investigate if the consumption antibiotics could be reduced when piglets showing early signs neonatal diarrhea were treated with an oral dose tannin extract derived from sweet chestnut wood. had a very high incidence among gilt litters. Gilts randomized into test or control groups in 1:1 ratio compare used for and piglet mortality during four-week period. Control litters antibiotic paromomycin, while complementary feed O-Nella-Protect. included 18 comprising 254 piglets. In group, 100% received treatment. against by 84% (p = 0.001) other illnesses 45% 0.045). both groups, six died. Microbiological analysis identified potential bacterial viral pathogens. conclusion, indicates that even under challenge potentially serious pathogens, complimentary containing can support health reduce consumption.

Language: Английский

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The Future of Microbiome Therapeutics

Drugs, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

The human microbiome exerts profound influence over various biological processes within the body. Unlike many host determinants, it represents a readily accessible target for manipulation to promote health benefits. However, existing commercial microbiome-directed products often exhibit low efficacy. Advancements in technology are paving way development of novel therapeutics, across wide range indications. In this narrative review, we provide an overview state-of-the-art technologies late-stage development, examining their advantages and limitations. By covering spectrum, from fecal-derived live biotherapeutics, phage therapy, synthetic biology, illuminate path toward future therapeutics.

Language: Английский

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Role of E-cadherin in epithelial barrier dysfunction: implications for bacterial infection, inflammation, and disease pathogenesis

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Epithelial barriers serve as critical defense lines against microbial infiltration and maintain tissue homeostasis. E-cadherin, an essential component of adherens junctions, has emerged a pivotal molecule that secures epithelial Lately, its pleiotropic role beyond barrier function, including involvement in immune responses, become more evident. Herein, we delve into the intricate relationship between (dys)regulation homeostasis versatile functionality describing complex mechanisms underlie integrity disruption disease pathogenesis such bacterial infection inflammation, among others. Clinical implications E-cadherin perturbations host pathophysiology are emphasized; downregulation, proteolytic phenomena, abnormal localization/signaling aberrant reactions linked with broad spectrum pathology infectious diseases. Finally, potential therapeutic interventions may harness to mitigate barrier-associated damage explored. Overall, this review highlights crucial systemic health, offering insights could pave way for strategies reinforce/restore treat related

Language: Английский

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Pleurotus eryngii Mushrooms Fermented with Human Fecal Microbiota Protect Intestinal Barrier Integrity: Immune Modulation and Signalling Pathways Counter Deoxycholic Acid-Induced Disruption in Healthy Colonic Tissue

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 694 - 694

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Background: This study explores the potential of Pleurotus eryngii mushroom fermentation supernatant (FS-PEWS) as an intervention for mitigating sodium deoxycholate (SDC)-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction and inflammation. Methods: FS-PEWS was assessed its protective effects against SDC-induced inflammation using in vitro Caco-2 cell model ex vivo colonic biopsies from healthy adult donors, where integrity, permeability, immunomodulation receptor-mediated pathways were evaluated. Results: In cells, SDC exposure downregulated ZO-1, occludin, claudin-1 expression, with restoring ZO-1 levels while maintaining viability. adults, maintained tissue integrity selectively mitigated transcellular permeability without affecting paracellular when combined stressor. Additionally, exhibited potent anti-inflammatory effects, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, e.g., TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β modulating pathways, i.e., TLR-4, dectin-1. Conclusions: These results demonstrate to sustain function modulate immune responses under stress, highlighting therapeutic managing gut associated microbial metabolite-induced disruptions.

Language: Английский

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Intestinal Microbiota Dysbiosis Role and Bacterial Translocation as a Factor for Septic Risk

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 2028 - 2028

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

The human immune system is closely linked to microbiota such as a complex symbiotic relationship during the coevolution of vertebrates and microorganisms. transfer microorganisms from mother's newborn begins before birth gestation considered initial phase intestinal (IM). gut an important site where can establish colonies. IM contains polymicrobial communities, which show interactions with diet host immunity. tendency towards dysbiosis influenced by local but also extra-intestinal factors inflammatory processes, infections, or septic state that aggravate it. Pathogens could trigger response, proinflammatory responses. In addition, changes in influence community structure additional translocation pathogenic non-pathogenic bacteria. Finally, inflammation has been found be factor growth microorganisms, particularly its role sepsis. aim this article able detect current knowledge mechanisms lead cause bacterial risk infection vice versa.

Language: Английский

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The Gastric Microbiota Invade the Lamina Propria in Helicobacter pylori‐Associated Gastritis and Precancer

Helicobacter, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background Stomach cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. Helicobacter pylori main risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), yet precise mechanism underpinning this association remains controversial. Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) represents precancerous stage and follows H. ‐ associated chronic gastritis (CG). Sequencing studies have revealed fewer more non‐ bacteria in GAC. However, spatial organization microbiota health disease unknown. Materials Methods Here, we combined RNA situ hybridization immunohistochemistry to detect , bacteria, host cell markers (E‐cadherin, Mucins 5AC 2) on tissue sections from patients with CG ( n = 15) GIM 17). Results Quantitative analysis whole slide scans significant correlations other GIM. In contrast sequencing studies, significantly were detected negative patients. Importantly, whilst exclusively colonized glands, invaded lamina propria 6/9 8/10 ‐positive A rapid cost‐effective modified Gram stain was used confirm these findings enabled detection samples. Conclusions The invasion by during an overlooked phenomenon progression. Further work must determine mechanisms underlying synergistic roles carcinogenesis. This observation should redirect attempts prevent, diagnose, treat

Language: Английский

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