Projected health and economic effects of the increase in childhood obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic in England: The potential cost of inaction

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. e0296013 - e0296013

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Background The prevalence of overweight and obesity in young children rose sharply during the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we estimate potential future health economic effects these trends England. Methods Using publicly available annual Body Mass Index (BMI) data from 2006–2022, calculated increase overweight/obesity (BMI ≥85 th reference percentile) pandemic among aged 4–5 10–11, variation by deprivation ethnicity. We projected impact child BMI on adult measures to added lifelong medical social costs. Results During 2020–2021 there were steep increases children. By 2022, returned expected levels based pre-pandemic trends. However, 10–11 persisted was 4 percentage points (p<0.001) higher than expected, representing almost 56,000 additional twice as high most compared with least deprived areas. healthcare cost this cohort will amount £800 million a society £8.7 billion. did not find an maternal associated pandemic, however, grew faster post period. Discussion return provides clear policy target for effective intervention tackle growing serious population concern.

Language: Английский

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Comparison of Physical Fitness Profiles Obtained before and during COVID-19 Pandemic in Two Independent Large Samples of Children and Adolescents: DAFIS Project

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(7), P. 3963 - 3963

Published: March 26, 2022

COVID-19 pandemic restrictions might have negatively affected the health-related physical fitness of children and adolescents. The aim this study was to contrast body composition data two independent samples adolescents obtained from an online database (DAFIS project) before (n = 15,287) during 2101) first academic year pandemic. results revealed higher values for mass index (p 0.002), waist circumference < 0.001), hip height ratios 0.001) than pandemic, particularly in case boys. On other hand, lower muscular observed girls Quantitative qualitative analysis did not detect relevant changes cardiorespiratory or > 0.05). Our suggested that constraints These be interest designing specific interventions oriented toward counteracting negative effects on fitness.

Language: Английский

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The effect of nutritional and lifestyle education intervention program on nutrition knowledge, diet quality, lifestyle, and nutritional status of Croatian school children

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: March 14, 2023

Introduction Nutrition education during adolescence has proven effective in increasing knowledge, attitudes, and practices the diet. The Mediterranean diet health benefits is proposed as a model of sustainable that beneficial for environment. Its promotion with educational program can have significant effect on improvements nutrition quality, nutritive status adolescents their healthy adulthood. Objective This study aimed to investigate lifestyle, nutritional school children from littoral part Croatia. Methods An education-based intervention was carried out 2,709 schoolchildren aged 10–12 years (educated/control group: 2617/92). questionnaire about sociodemographic, anthropometric, dietary, physical activity, screen time, sleep habits, knowledge assessed at baseline after 6- 9-month follow-up medium-term education. provided 3 weeks short-term assessment. Results Educated achieved increase (+75.5%), expressed maintained (+66.8%, p &lt; 0.001). Follow-up significantly improved (underweight −56.6%, normal weight 24.8%, overweight −22.1%, obesity −57.5%) activity engagement (+13.2%). proportion highly adhering doubled (+105.0). Those highest (+218.9%), participated organized sports (+204.7%), had adhered MD (+291.8%). Conclusion A good lifestyle shown. promoted way living, important children's future wellbeing. New research-based approaches are needed making more aware capable handling complexity living.

Language: Английский

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Dietary Changes of Youth during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review

Journal of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 154(4), P. 1376 - 1403

Published: Feb. 24, 2024

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has taken the lives of millions and disrupted countless more worldwide. Simply living through had drastic effects on health citizens. Diet, an important aspect health, been uniquely affected by pandemic, although these changes have not sufficiently studied among youth.

Language: Английский

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Mandatory after-school use of step tracker apps improves physical activity, body composition and fitness of adolescents

Education and Information Technologies, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(8), P. 10235 - 10266

Published: Jan. 24, 2023

Language: Английский

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Trajectories and Predictors for the Development of Clinically Significant Weight Gain in Children and Adolescents Prescribed Second-Generation Antipsychotics

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(4), P. 201 - 209

Published: Feb. 26, 2024

Background: As many as 60% of pediatric patients taking second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) experience weight gain (antipsychotic-induced gain). However, the subgroup that experienced substantial increase was poorly understood. This study aimed to identify development and predictors clinically significant (CSWG) among SGA recipients. Methods: A retrospective analysis 2016 2021 IQVIA Ambulatory EMR-US database conducted. The cohort comprised SGA-naive ages 5 19, continuously prescribed for ≥90 days. CSWG defined a in BMI z-score >0.5. described using group-based trajectory model approach, multinomial logistic regression conducted examine risk factors associated with trajectories. Results: Of 16,262 recipients who met inclusion criteria, 4 distinctive trajectories were identified: (1) Rapid (14.6%), (2) Gradual (12.6%), (3) Transit (7%), (4) no (65.8%). Factors higher likelihood having rapid or gradual versus nonsignificant being younger (OR [95% CI] = 12–17 vs. 5–11, Rapid, 0.727 [0.655–0.806]; Gradual, 0.776 [0.668–0.903]), male (Rapid, 1.131 [1.021–1.253]), non-Hispanic White (Black White: 0.833 [0.709–0.98]), lower baseline 0.376 [0.361–0.392]; 0.449 [0.424–0.476]), receiving olanzapine initial 1.38 [1.093–1.74]). Area under Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) Curve comparison 0.83 0.80, respectively. Conclusions: four Transient, No CSWG). could be predicted patient characteristics at initiation. insight highlights importance personalized monitoring timely intervention strategies at-risk individuals persistent real practice.

Language: Английский

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Change in Prevalence of Hypertension among Korean Children and Adolescents during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak: A Population-Based Study

Children, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 159 - 159

Published: Jan. 14, 2023

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, prevalence of obesity increased globally; this may be associated with hypertension incidence. However, investigations on changes in among children and adolescents are limited. This cross-sectional study investigated 1428 youths aged 10-18 years using data from Korea National Health Nutrition Examination Survey 2018-2020. We assessed according to sex, age, body mass index (BMI), residential district. The 7.1% 12.5% all participants. In sex-specific analysis, was found boys. age-specific 13-15 years. BMI-specific an increase prominent normal BMI group. district-specific youth urban areas. Our results show that Korean during COVID-19 outbreak. These findings suggest importance close monitoring pandemic.

Language: Английский

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Effect of COVID‐19 pandemic on bioimpedance health indicators in young adults

American Journal of Human Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(9)

Published: May 29, 2024

Abstract Objectives Herein, we investigate the relationships between COVID‐19 pandemic and overcoming virus, its effects on body composition parameters in young adults from Slovakia. Methods We assessed 773 aged 18 to 30 years pandemic‐status sub‐groups. Individual lifestyles were evaluated by a detailed questionnaire, analyzed using InBody 770 bioimpedance analyzer. Results Statistically significant lower values observed male group during for following parameters; proteins minerals, fat free mass (FFM), skeletal muscle (SMM), lean (LBM) right left arm trunk, total water (TBW) cell (BCM), basal metabolic rate (BMR) phase angle (PA). The regression analysis confirmed negative effect impact of men parameters: ( p = .027 .005 COVID‐19), FFM .023 LBM .022 .004 SMM .028 TBW .020 BMR .024 COVID‐19) PA .009 pandemic). Physical activity was further predictor all above parameters. Conclusions significantly associated with adult than before it. However, future research is warranted determine if these have long‐term significance.

Language: Английский

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Diet Quality Is Associated with Glucose Regulation in a Cohort of Young Adults

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(18), P. 3734 - 3734

Published: Sept. 10, 2022

Young-onset type 2 diabetes and prediabetes is a growing epidemic. Poor diet known risk factor for T2D in older adults, but the contribution of to factors not well-described youth. Our objective was examine relationship quality with prediabetes, glucose regulation, adiposity young adults. A cohort adults (n = 155, age 17–22) examined between 2014–2018, 89 underwent follow-up visit from 2020–2022. At each visit, participants completed body composition assessments an oral tolerance test. Adherence four dietary patterns assessed: Dietary Approaches Stop Hypertension (DASH), Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Mediterranean diet, Diet Inflammatory (DII). Regression analyses were used determine adjusted associations adiposity. Each one-point increase DASH or HEI scores visits reduced at by 64% (OR, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.17–0.68) 9% 0.91, 0.85–0.96), respectively. The inversely associated adiposity, while DII positively In summary, positive changes

Language: Английский

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Changes in body composition (muscle mass and adipose tissue) among adolescents aged 11–15 from Kraków during the COVID-19 pandemic

Anthropological Review, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 87(4), P. 55 - 67

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Study aim: To assess changes in body composition, specifically focusing on muscle mass and adipose tissue, among adolescents aged 11–15 Kraków during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials Methods: Cross-sectional studies were conducted four selected districts of city years 2020 2022 (before after pandemic). The study group included years. percentage fat (%BF) was measured using bioimpedance method. Additionally, measurements height, arm circumference, skinfold thickness triceps taken a calliper. collected data used to calculate Corrected Arm Muscle Area (CAMA). normality distribution each feature assessed Shapiro-Wilk test. Statistical analysis performed compare differences between groups two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD post-hoc test or Kruskal-Wallis Results: Among girls, decrease observed most age categories. opposite trend boys, as an increase groups. Girls characterized by %BF all cohorts, while 11,13 15-year-olds. In groups, there average depending BMI (Body Mass Index) categories both sexes. Conclusions: This found no notable variances within examined amid While certain outcomes indicated regression, possibly linked reduced physical activity prolonged sedentary periods, not research findings exhibited decline. could be attributed online enhanced dietary habits.

Language: Английский

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