Fibroblast Activation Protein Acts as a Biomarker for Monitoring ECM Remodeling During Aortic Aneurysm via ⁶⁸Ga‐FAPI‐04 PET Imaging

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Abstract Traditional imaging modalities used to monitor the diameter of aortic aneurysms (AAs) often fail follow pathological progression. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP), a key regulator extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, plays pivotal role in disease. However, its expression wall during aneurysm progression and potential correlation with disease severity remains unexplored. Here, utilizing histology levels FAP are higher patients AA compared healthy controls. In three distinct animal models AA, progressive increase expression, coincides advancement ECM remodeling. Notably, 68 Ga‐FAPI‐04 uptake rabbit model abdominal (AAA) is positively correlated dilation ( r = 0.84, p < 0.01), histological examination further confirmed that regions high exhibited both increased more severe changes. The showed radiotracer specifically accumulated walls persistently dilated AA. These findings suggest positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging, by visualizing localization, allows for non‐invasive approach potentially remodeling

Language: Английский

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Predictive Value of ¹⁸F‐FDG PET/CT in LA‐HNSCC Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy: A Prospective Study

Oral Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

ABSTRACT Objective The study evaluates the efficacy of 18 F‐2‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose FDG PET/CT in predicting outcomes patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma receiving neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. Methods In this prospective study, we compared parameters 63 LA‐HNSCC who underwent F‐FDG before chemoimmunotherapy, divided into responders (47) non‐responders (16), after three cycles ratio maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) primary tumor to SUVmean normal tissue (muscle blood) was recorded as target background (TBR muscle TBR blood). Results TBRblood were significantly lower responding group than non‐responding group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis identified (area under (AUC) = 0.931, p 0.001) (AUC 0.894, significant predictors chemoimmunotherapy efficacy. found that SUVmean, TBRblood, age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores correlated short‐term efficacy, while an independent predictor. Conclusion scans, higher baseline associated a poor response chemoradiotherapy LA‐HNSCC.

Language: Английский

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One-Stop 68Ga-FAPI/18F-FDG Total-Body PET/CT Scan

Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Purpose: This prospective study aims to assess the feasibility of a one-stop imaging protocol using 68 Ga-FAPI-04/ 18 F-FDG dual-radiotracer with dual-low-activity for tumor imaging. Patients and Methods: Forty patients underwent Ga-FAPI-04 PET (PET FAPI ) DUAL total-body PET/CT scanner 194-cm axial field view. After half-dose (0.925 MBq/kg) PET/CT, an additional (1.85 was administered 60-minute dynamic acquisition. reconstructed at 10-minute intervals D0–10 , D10–20 D20–30 D30–40 D40–50 D50–60 ). Data lesion detectability, target-to-background ratios, staging, total radiation dose were analyzed. A target-to-liver ratio (TLR) ≥ 3 on considered indicative sufficient fibroblast activation protein expression. Results: showed similar performance in detecting primary tumors (42 vs 41, P > 0.999). However, significantly more metastatic lesions identified compared (102 60, < 0.001). demonstrated higher TLR, target-to-blood-pool ratio, target-to-normal-tissue than ( 0.05). Lesion detectability across (all ’s Notably, detected all by . no significant differences Up 94.9% malignant exhibited TLR The average effective 9.85 ± 2.19 mSv, that whole-body PET/CT. Conclusions: one-stop, dual-radiotracer, combines strengths F-FDG, offering shorter duration reduced exposure.

Language: Английский

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Improved FAPI-radiopharmaceutical pharmacokinetics from the perspectives of a dose escalation study

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Abstract Purpose This study explores the use of fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPI) targeting radiopharmaceuticals as a new approach for pan-cancer treatment, focusing on key factors affecting their effectiveness. We hypothesized that adjusting administered radiotracer dose one could enhance tumor-to-background ratios. Methods In dose-escalation with PC3 xenografts, all radiotracers were at doses between 10 and 1500 pmol, followed by biodistribution PET/CT imaging. Their selectivity towards FAP, PREP, DDP4, along stability in vivo, was assessed metabolite analysis, respectively. Organ FAP expression quantified using qPCR, circulating (sFAP) levels measured mouse human blood samples via ELISA. Proof-of-principle studies also conducted. Results Increasing from to 600 pmol significantly reduced uptake enhanced tumor uptake, optimizing vivo performance. All showed peak efficacy 350–600 altered pharmacokinetics beyond pmol. Biodistribution validated even presence PREP DPP4 inhibitors, while they demonstrated remarkable vivo. confirmed various organs, sFAP both healthy mice humans. Human [ 68 Ga]Ga-DOTA.SA.FAPI revealed off-target (e.g., pancreas, salivary glands, heart), aligning preclinical findings. Conclusion The highlights crucial need precise FAPI-radiotracer dosing, PET imaging, reducing radiation exposure, enhancing treatment accounting biology sFAP’s influence pharmacokinetics.

Language: Английский

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The role of 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT imaging in gynecological cancers: an integrative review

Nuclear Medicine Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 25, 2025

Clinical staging of gynecological cancers traditionally employs computed tomography (CT) scan or 18fluorine-deoxyglucose PET/CT (18F-FDG PET/CT), which have limited sensitivity, especially for early-stage ovarian cancer, borderline tumors, tumors with cystic/mucinous components, and those low metabolic activity. Fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) targets cancer-associated fibroblasts in tumor stroma independent activity, providing favorable tumor-to-background contrast when used PET imaging. We conducted an integrative review FAPI use staging, treatment response assessment, recurrence detection. Database searches yielded 205 documents, 23 studies meeting inclusion criteria (12 original research articles, 7 case reports, 4 reviews). 68Ga-FAPI image was reported to be superior 18F-FDG differentiating high-grade from lower-grade detection nodal, peritoneal, pleural disease, as well early relapses. showed enhanced lymph node metastasis newly diagnosed cervical cancer. However, its utility endometrial cancer is by physiological uptake normal uterine tissue. shows promising results diagnosis cancers. Further warranted this modality has potential modify approaches improving capabilities beyond conventional imaging techniques, particularly challenging characteristics that limit current diagnostic methods.

Language: Английский

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Advanced imaging techniques and artificial intelligence in pleural diseases: a narrative review

European Respiratory Review, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 34(176), P. 240263 - 240263

Published: April 1, 2025

Background Pleural diseases represent a significant healthcare burden, affecting over 350 000 patients annually in the US alone and requiring accurate diagnostic approaches for optimal management. Traditional imaging techniques have limitations differentiating various pleural disorders invasive procedures are usually required definitive diagnosis. Methods We conducted nonsystematic, narrative literature review aimed at describing latest advances artificial intelligence (AI) applications diseases. Results Novel ultrasound-based techniques, such as elastography contrast-enhanced ultrasound, described their promising accuracy malignant from benign lesions. Quantitative utilising pixel-density measurements to noninvasively distinguish exudative transudative effusions highlighted. AI algorithms, which shown remarkable performance abnormality detection, effusion characterisation automated fluid volume quantification, also described. Finally, role of deep-learning models early complication detection analysis follow-up studies is examined. Conclusions Advanced show promise management diseases, improving reducing need procedures. However, larger prospective needed validation. The integration AI-driven with molecular genomic data offers potential personalised therapeutic strategies, although challenges privacy, algorithm transparency clinical validation persist. This comprehensive approach may revolutionise disease management, enhancing patient outcomes through more accurate, noninvasive strategies.

Language: Английский

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Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitor (FAPI)-Based Theranostics

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 522 - 522

Published: April 3, 2025

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a serine protease selectively expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), fibrotic tissues, and areas of active tissue remodeling, making it an attractive target for diagnostic imaging across spectrum disease. FAP inhibitors (FAPIs) labeled with PET tracers have rapidly advanced as novel modality broad clinical applications that offers several advantages, including rapid tumor accumulation, low background uptake, high tumor-to-background ratios. In oncology, FAPI has demonstrated excellent performance visualizing wide range malignancies, those glycolytic activity, such pancreatic cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, certain sarcomas. Its sensitivity specificity the stromal component enables improved delineation, staging, response assessment. Additionally, potential to guide theranostic approaches, where same tracer can be therapeutic radionuclides, positions key player precision oncology. Beyond shown promise conditions characterized by inflammatory processes. cardiovascular field, being investigated its ability detect myocardial fibrosis cardiac crucial like heart failure, post-myocardial infarction hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. This review highlights expanding FAPI-based inflammation, While current data are promising, further large-scale studies multicenter trials essential validate these findings establish standardized protocols. The versatility applicability underscore transformative tool medicine.

Language: Английский

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Multivalent FAPI-based radiopharmaceuticals in PET/CT: from cancer diagnostics to theranostics

American Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 82 - 86

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FAPI PET/CT for detection of nodal metastases prior radical cystectomy in high-risk urothelial carcinoma patients

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 24, 2025

Abstract Introduction To determine the best therapeutic strategy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (BC), accuracy of lymph node staging is paramount importance. However, diagnostic performance conventional computed tomography in BC prior to radical cystectomy (RC) remains unsatisfactory. There an increased interest evaluating 18 F-FAPI PET/CT hybrid imaging due their logistical advantages compared [ 68 Ga]Ga-based FAPI tracers clinical routine. Recently, potential value Ga]Ga-FAPI- 46 was demonstrated BC. Thus, we aimed examine F]F-FAPI- 74 and preoperative evaluation locoregional metastases. Methods Fifty-one patients underwent with either ( n = 23) or 28) RC PLND. SUV max , mean ratio between nodes background (SUV max_lymph /SUV _ ) were assessed. Additionally, short axis diameter (SAD) a representative documented each region 123) histopathological findings. Each scan interpreted visually quantitatively. ROC-analyses performed cut-off values highest accuracy. Results 20/123 (16.3%) regions showed UC Histopathologically positive associated significantly higher uptake negative regarding ratios. Visual analysis based on sensitivity specificity, PPV NPV 63.6%, 95.8%, 77.7%, 92.0% 55.5%, 98.1%, 83.3%, 93.1% 74, respectively. ROC revealed optimal 1.35, 1.20 5.95 1.55, 1.25 4.15 discriminate histopathologically proven metastases non-malignant resulting example using 81.8%, 89.5%, 64.2%, 95.5% 100%, 47.3%, 100% CT visual sensitivity, 30.0%, 97.0%, 66.6% 87.7%, SAD cutoff at 0.8 cm 75.0%, 84.4%, 48.3%, 94.5%, Conclusion Overall, PET shows than detection UC. demonstrates comparable 46. Of note, quantitative pre-defined as well values, ratio-based cut-offs provided assessment.

Language: Английский

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Applications of Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitor-PET in Interventional Oncology

PET Clinics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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