Journal of Chemometrics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
38(11)
Published: Aug. 19, 2024
ABSTRACT
Diabetes
is
a
common
and
serious
global
disease
that
damages
blood
vessels
in
the
eye,
leading
to
vision
loss.
Early
accurate
diagnosis
of
this
issue
crucial
reduce
risk
visual
impairment.
The
typical
deep
learning
(DL)
methods
for
diabetic
retinopathy
(DR)
grading
are
often
time‐consuming,
resulting
unsatisfactory
detection
performance
due
inadequate
representation
lesion
features.
To
overcome
these
challenges,
research
proposes
new
automated
mechanism
detecting
classifying
DR,
aiming
identify
DR
severities
different
stages.
figure
out
capture
feature
characteristics
from
samples,
conjugated
attention
transformer
utilized
within
collective
net
model,
which
automatically
generates
maps
diagnosing
DR.
These
extracted
then
fused
through
fusion
function
calculating
weights
produce
most
powerful
map.
Finally,
cases
identified
discriminated
using
kernel
extreme
machine
(KELM)
model.
For
evaluating
severity,
our
work
utilizes
four
benchmark
datasets:
APTOS
2019,
MESSIDOR‐2
dataset,
DiaRetDB1
V2.1,
DIARETDB0
datasets.
illuminate
data
noise
unwanted
variations,
two
preprocessing
steps
carried
out,
include
contrast
enhancement
illumination
correction.
experimental
results
evaluated
well‐known
indicators
demonstrate
suggested
method
achieves
higher
accuracy
99.63%
compared
other
baseline
methods.
This
contributes
development
screening
techniques
less
time‐consuming
capable
identifying
severity
levels
at
premature
level.
IEEE Access,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12, P. 20540 - 20558
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Diabetic
retinopathy
(DR)
is
a
microvascular
disease
that
associated
with
diabetes
mellitus.
DR
can
cause
irreversible
vision
loss
and
blindness.
classification,
is,
early
diagnosis
accurate
grading,
critical
for
protection
immediate
treatment.
Deep
learning-based
automated
systems
led
to
significant
expectations
classification
based
on
fundus
images
several
advantages.
In
the
past
years,
many
outstanding
studies
in
this
area
have
been
conducted
review
articles
published.
However,
new
trends
future
directions
are
need
further
analyzed.
Thus,
we
carefully
included
read
94
related
published
from
2018
2023
through
Web
of
Science,
PubMed,
Scopus,
IEEE
Xplore.
From
review,
found
transfer
learning
has
used
as
an
strategy
overcoming
issue
limited
data
resources
support
analysis.
CNN
models
ResNet
VGGNet
layers
tens
or
even
hundreds
most
popular
frameworks
classification.
The
APTOS
2019
EyePACS
widely
datasets
addition,
some
lightweight
DL
architectures
like
SqueezeNet
MobileNet
proposed
tasks,
especially
computational
capabilities.
Although
deep
achieved
surpassed
human-level
accuracy
there
still
long
way
go
real
clinical
workflows.
Further
improvements
model
interpretability,
trustworthiness
ophthalmologists,
cost-effective
reliable
screening
needed.
IEEE Access,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12, P. 47469 - 47482
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Diabetic
retinopathy
(DR)
is
a
leading
cause
of
permanent
vision
loss
worldwide.
It
refers
to
irreversible
retinal
damage
caused
due
elevated
glucose
levels
and
blood
pressure.
Regular
screening
for
DR
can
facilitate
its
early
detection
timely
treatment.
Neural
network-based
classifiers
be
leveraged
achieve
such
in
convenient
automated
manner.
However,
these
suffer
from
reliability
issue
where
they
exhibit
strong
performance
during
development
but
degraded
after
deployment.
Moreover,
do
not
provide
supplementary
information
about
the
prediction
outcome,
which
severely
limits
their
widespread
adoption.
Furthermore,
energy-efficient
deployment
on
edge
devices
remains
unaddressed,
crucial
enhance
global
accessibility.
In
this
paper,
we
present
reliable
hardware
detection,
suitable
devices.
We
first
develop
classification
model
using
custom
training
data
that
incorporates
diverse
image
quality
sources
along
with
improved
class
balance.
This
enables
our
effectively
handle
both
on-field
variations
images
minority
classes,
enhancing
post-deployment
reliability.
then
propose
pseudo-binary
scheme
further
improve
prediction.
Additionally,
an
design
memristor-based
computation-in-memory,
Our
proposed
approach
achieves
three
orders
magnitude
reduction
energy
consumption
over
state-of-the-art
platforms.
Information,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16(3), P. 221 - 221
Published: March 13, 2025
Diabetic
retinopathy
(DR)
is
the
main
ocular
complication
of
diabetes.
Asymptomatic
for
a
long
time,
it
subject
to
annual
screening
using
dilated
fundus
or
retinal
photography
look
early
signs.
Fundus
and
optical
coherence
tomography
(OCT)
are
used
by
ophthalmologists
assess
thickness
structure,
as
well
detect
edema,
hemorrhage,
scarring.
The
effectiveness
ConvNet
no
longer
needs
be
demonstrated,
its
use
in
field
imaging
has
made
possible
overcome
many
barriers,
which
were
until
now
insurmountable
with
old
methods.
Throughout
this
study,
robust
optimal
deep
proposed
analyze
images
automatically
distinguish
between
healthy,
moderate,
severe
DR.
model
combines
architecture
taken
from
ImageNet,
data
augmentation,
class
balancing,
transfer
learning
order
establish
benchmarking
test.
A
significant
improvement
at
level
middle
corresponds
stage
DR,
was
major
problem
previous
studies.
By
eliminating
need
retina
specialists
broadening
access
care,
substantially
more
objectively
staging
detecting
Advances in Public Health,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
2025(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Diabetic
retinopathy
(DR)
poses
a
significant
threat
to
vision
if
left
undetected
and
untreated.
This
paper
addresses
this
challenge
by
utilizing
advanced
deep
learning
(DL)
algorithms
with
established
image
processing
techniques
enhance
accuracy
efficiency
in
detection.
Image
extracts
critical
features
from
retinal
images,
acting
as
early
warning
signs
for
DR.
Our
proposed
hybrid
model
combines
machine
(ML)
strengths,
leveraging
discriminative
abilities
custom
features.
The
methodology
involves
data
acquisition
diverse
dataset,
augmentation
enrich
training
data,
multistep
pipeline.
Feature
extraction
utilizes
ResNet50,
InceptionV3,
visual
geometry
group
(VGG)‐19
their
outputs
classification.
Classification
employs
decision
tree
(DT),
K‐nearest
neighbor
(KNN),
support
vector
(SVM),
modified
convolutional
neural
network
(CNN)
spatial
attention
layer.
work
attention‐based
stacking
ensemble
the
mentioned
models
base
layer
logistic
regression
meta
layer,
which
further
enhanced
accuracy.
system,
evaluated
through
metrics
like
confusion
matrix,
accuracy,
receiver
operating
characteristic
(ROC)
curve,
promises
improved
diagnostic
capabilities.
yields
an
of
99.768%.
Diabetic
retinopathy
(DR)
is
a
significant
complication
of
diabetes
mellitus,
impacting
vision
due
to
retinal
abnormalities.
Early
detection
and
precise
severity
assessment
are
crucial
for
effective
management.
Leveraging
deep
learning
techniques
image
preprocessing
methods,
this
paper
proposes
comprehensive
approach
DR
classification.
Utilizing
publicly
available
datasets
like
EyePACS,
Messidor-2,
APTOS,
DDR,
steps
including
Gaussian
blurring
data
augmentation
employed
enhance
quality
address
class
imbalance.
Wavelet
decomposition
used
feature
extraction
capture
multi-resolution
information
from
fundus
images.
Transfer
with
ResNet
variants,
coupled
regularization
techniques,
aids
in
model
generalization.
A
modified
ResNet50
architecture
introduced,
featuring
custom
fully
connected
layers
additional
convolutional
improved
extraction.
The
aims
classify
diseases
into
four
levels:
normal,
mild,
moderate,
severe
proliferative.
survey
aspect
delves
methods'
effectiveness
improving
CNN
performance
medical
analysis,
specifically
detection.
applicability
transfer
imaging
tasks,
particularly
DR,
also
explored.
This
study
contributes
advancing
analysis
diagnosis
classification,
addressing
the
critical
need
efficient
management
debilitating
condition.
Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
27(2), P. 155 - 163
Published: June 20, 2024
In
order
to
avoid
losing
sense
of
sight
in
a
large
portion
the
working
population,
Diabetic
Retinopathy
(DR)
identification
during
broad
examination
for
diabetes
is
crucial.
To
prevent
blindness
future,
early
illness
detection
and
measurement
disease
development
are
essential.
DR
diagnosed
through
medical
image
analysis.
After
success
Deep
Learning
(DL)
other
applications
real
world,
it
considered
vital
tool
upcoming
health
sector
applications,
providing
solutions
with
accurate
results
This
review
provides
comprehensive
survey
state-of-the-art
DL
models
grading
using
retinal
fundus
photography.
thoroughly
examined
summarized
81
relevant
publications
that
were
published
IEEE
Xplore,
Web
Science,
PubMed,
Scopus
between
2018
2023
based
on
available
database
binary
or
multiclass
CNN
classification
as
well
main
preprocessing
techniques.
According
findings
this
review,
transfer
learning
has
proven
be
an
excellent
technique
addressing
problems
limited
resources
data
having
tens
hundreds
layers
most
frequently
utilized
frameworks
classification.
The
extensively
datasets
categorization
Aptos
2019
EyePACS.
Although
attained
surpassed
human-level
accuracy,
there
still
more
work
done
real-world
clinical
procedures.